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①噢，教室里有只蜜蜂。②在哪儿?看，在灯上。③现在在哪儿?在风扇上。④看，在墙上。闪三O冬这是什么?是蜜蜂。不，是黑板。⑥r有只蜜蜂在黑板上。噢，真是只蜜蜂。呵呵。A bee in the classroom@郭连元~~ 相似文献
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Conclusion Note that the comparisons presented in this paper serve only as a springboard in pointing out some of the advantages and limitations
of the Classroom Communicator. Like the bicycle and the automobile, each serving a useful purpose under certain conditions,
different types of teaching aids and teaching machines will find their use. Not many individuals will want to argue whether
the bicycle or the automobile is better. One would hope that an out-of-context decision on the Classroom Communicator versus
this or that teaching machine is not made. It is thought, however, that some empirical or logical decision might be made with
respect to the use of the Classroom Communicator in the near future.
This article is adapted from a paper given by the author as part of a symposium on “Automated Instruction and Programed Learning,”
Southeastern Psychological Association, Louisville, Kentucky. The opinions expressed are those of Herbert P. Froehlich, who
from 1959 to 1962 was a research officer on the staff of the Chief of Naval Air Technical Training, Memphis, Tennessee, and
are not necessarily shared by the Department of the Navy. 相似文献
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《郧阳师范高等专科学校学报》1994,(3)
I.Introduct ion More and more linguists and language teachers have come to realize thatlanguagelearnersshould be.thecentral figures In any languageteackingtheory（stem 1983:360）The learners’as D Allright（et al 1991）puts it,“bringwith themtheir whole expernce of learning and of life In the classroom alongwltht大eir Own reasonsforbeing there,andthelr ownparticulgr needs thatthey“hopeto see satisfied” Wkent上e teacherandstudentscome to the classroom,。everything stslldepends on how they react to each other-students to students,students toteacher andteacbertostudents.This lsa matter ofinteraction. 相似文献
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Teacher self-efficacy for classroom management is an important component of teachers' identity with implications for their teaching quality. Theoretically, it has been described that contextual variables play an important role for self-efficacy development and its consequences. However, little is known about the interrelationships of job resources and demands with teacher self-efficacy, and consequences for teachers' professional behaviors. We extend teacher self-efficacy research by drawing on the Job Demands-Resources model in examining contextual influences on developmental dynamics between classroom management self-efficacy and teacher-reported classroom management, from prior to qualifying as a teacher until mid-career. Participants were 395 primary and secondary Australian school teachers. Longitudinal structural equation models showed teachers’ classroom management self-efficacy positively related to aspects of their perceived classroom management, particularly during early career. Between early and mid-career, the positive relationship between self-efficacy and classroom management was moderated by early career excessive demands. Implications are outlined for teacher education and school administration. 相似文献
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JCE创刊于1924年,是由威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校(University of Wisconsin-Madison)化学系主办的美国<化学教育>(月刊)杂志的英文(Journal of Chemical Education)缩写[1]". 相似文献
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XIE Fang JIANG Xue-mei 《美中教育评论》2007,4(9):10-14
This paper makes a study of error analysis and its implementation in the EFL （English as Foreign Language） classroom teaching. It starts by giving a systematic review of the concepts and theories concerning EA （Error Analysis）, the various reasons causing errors are comprehensively explored. The author proposes that teachers should employ different and flexible error treatment strategies in accordance with the teaching objectives, students＇ linguistic competence, their affective factors and the effectiveness of the error correction. 相似文献
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Stephen M. Ritchie Donna L. Rigano 《International journal of qualitative studies in education》2013,26(6):741-756
Now that the discursive practices of students and teachers consume the attention of many classroom researchers, it is timely to consider the interrelationships between researchers and their participants or "subjects." Positioning theory gives prominence to the position/speech-act/storyline triad in conversations. While positioning theory has informed several poststucturalist scholars in a variety of settings, the authors are unaware of other studies where the positions/positioning of researcher and participants have become the focus of investigation. In this article the authors demonstrate how the application of positioning theory can be helpful in understanding conversations between researchers and their research participants, particularly in interviews. Also, they discuss the issues of power relations, subjectivities, validity, and ethics as they relate to the research relationships identified in the study. 相似文献
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Trude Havik 《School Effectiveness & School Improvement》2017,28(3):350-373
This study investigated bullying victims’ perceptions of their teachers’ support and monitoring when controlling for level of mental health problems, peer relationships, gender, and grade level. Given the nested structure of the data, multilevel analyses were employed to examine these associations. The quality of classroom interaction is highly relevant for bullying prevention and intervention. A survey was administered to 1,571 fifth- to 10th-grade students in 10 schools. The findings revealed that bully victimization was significantly associated with weak teacher instructional support, but no significant association was observed between bully victimization and teachers’ emotional support or monitoring. These associations were negative when peer relationships were not controlled for because victims reported teacher support and monitoring issues less frequently than non-victims. The findings underscore the importance of classroom interaction and peer relationships for bullying prevention and intervention and the need to create positive relationships between teachers and students and among students in the classroom. 相似文献
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Aino Belt 《Educational research; a review for teachers and all concerned with progress in education》2017,59(1):54-72
Background: Efficient classroom management and adequate discipline are major issues for teachers in schools worldwide, with the guiding of students’ behaviour as one of the primary challenges. Teachers’ knowledge, skills, attitudes and behaviour play central roles in the appropriate handling of classroom disturbances.Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore how practising teachers perceive classroom disturbances and to compare their views to those presented in the literature. By clarifying typical perceptions, this research is intended to give individual teachers tools to develop their insights by comparing their perceptions with those of other teachers.Sample: The empirical material was collected by interviewing 14 home economics teachers in Finland. Home economics is a school subject that involves individual and group work as well as theoretical and practical work. In Finland, home economics is a compulsory subject for students aged 13–15 years, which are challenging ages in regard to classroom management.Design and methods: The empirical research was completed via deep, qualitative theme interviews for data gathering and phenomenography for analysis.Results: The analysis identified five dimensions in which interviewees expressed varying views of classroom disturbances: who or what disturbs, whose work is disturbed, why students disturb, who is responsible and how to prevent classroom disturbances. Based on the various perceptions within each dimension, the main perceptions for understanding classroom disturbances can be condensed into four categories: unavoidable nuisance, deficient resources, the matter of atmosphere and educational task.Conclusions: Teachers who wish to develop their classroom management skills may use these findings as tools to compare their perceptions with those of other teachers. This knowledge may also be useful for developing teacher education. 相似文献
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JCE创刊于1924年,是由威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校(University of Wisconsin-Madison)化学系主办的美国《化学教育》(月刊)杂志的英文(Journal of Chemical Education)缩写[1]。JCE于1997年9月开设了"JCE Classroom Activity",即化学实验活 相似文献
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The ‘Green Classroom’ in the Botanical Garden of Ulm is an experiential learning forum outside school. Its educational concept
is based on experimental learning and is geared towards expanding biological knowledge and developing positive attitudes towards
small animals such as invertebrates and insects. The attitudes of 68 school students towards small animals, before and after
they visited the ‘Green Classroom’, were assessed and the answers they gave in their questionnaires were compared with those
of 60 students froma control group that was not yet exposed to this learning environment. Although the students spent only
one morning in the ‘Green Classroom’, some of their attitudes towards small animals improved after their visit. These studies
underscore the necessity for direct observation and familiarization of the environment including small animals such as invertebrates
and insects for appreciating issues related to biodiversity and conservation. 相似文献
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ZHANG Wen-sheng 《美中教育评论》2007,4(3):71-76
Listening is very important. Conversations will take place only when we can understand what our interlocutor says; listening is also an important input. Yet, many of my students got frustrated in listening. Being a teacher, I tried to rethink about what I did in my listening classes and did some literature review. As a result, I found that there are a lot of important listening strategies that were neglected by both teachers. I argue in this paper that more listening strategies should be taught in classes and a simple teaching plan is given. 相似文献
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Christine Brigid Malsbary Samantha Espinoza Lisa Bales 《Pedagogies: An International Journal》2016,11(3):249-269
In usual understandings of learning, youths’ development in classrooms is portrayed as a move from being a novice to an expert. However, findings of the present anthropologically framed study support us to argue that learning, rather, can be characterized as youths’ simultaneous occupation of novice and expert roles. We refer to this simultaneous occupation as “mutual reliance”. We make this assertion within the context of a multilingual, transnational classroom, where the presence of heightened diversity led teachers to put in place a structure (“autonomous learning groups”) that supported youth to rely on one another to learn. In a video-based case study that tracks one group of students over 33 hours and engages micro-ethnographic analysis of a student named Liana, we found that autonomous learning groups created a democratization of the learning space – everyone contributed from his or her knowledge base because no single person, including the teachers, could ever be an expert. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Educational Research》1999,31(6):471-485
This chapter argues for an understanding of action regulation as inextricably related to the motivational process of goal setting and planning. Within this conceptual framework our research has explored students’ action patterns, both in normal ongoing classroom situations and in stressful circumstances. Goals are emphasized as essential aspects of the motivational quality of activities, namely through the role they play in the regulation of action. In this study the detection of students’ behavioral goals is addressed. Several achievement and social goals are described and ways to assess students’ goal setting and planning processes are proposed. Strategies that students use to handle classroom stressors are explored. These include strategic flexible action, strategic rigid action, passive behavior, and disorganized behavior. These strategies represent distinct forms of action regulation. Relations between students’ strategies, which are viewed as indications of their control, and agency beliefs are also examined. Finally, classroom features, which might help or hinder students’ self-regulation are discussed, including teachers’ goals and students’ perceptions of teachers’ goals for classroom activities. 相似文献
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İkbal Tuba Şahin-Sak Ramazan Sak Fatma Tezel-Şahin 《Early Years: An International Journal of Research and Development》2018,38(1):35-52
This survey-based quantitative study investigates 310 Turkish preschool teachers’ views about classroom management, using the following six models of disciplinary strategy: behavioral change theory, Dreikurs’ social discipline model, Canter’s assertive discipline model, the Glasser model of discipline, Kounin’s model, and Gordon’s teacher effectiveness training (TET) model. Data were collected through a demographic information form and the Discipline Strategies Questionnaire. The results showed that the participant teachers usually agreed with items that reflected a child-centered approach to classroom management. Also, the respondents’ views of Dreikurs’ social discipline model and Gordon’s TET model differed according to their gender. The teachers’ views related to behavioral change theory and Gordon’s TET also varied markedly, depending on the ages of the children they taught. 相似文献
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The present study aims at investigating which factors are relevant to induce teachers’ student-centered classroom computer use. Survey data were collected from 361 teachers at comprehensive schools. Based on a systemic view of technology use in schools, different individual teacher characteristics and school contextual factors were examined. Results from a four-step hierarchical regression reveal that student-centered classroom computer use could be significantly predicted by certain contextual factors: the type of school (secondary modern and high school), the existence of an ICT school policy plan, as well as by the individual teacher characteristics of belief in constructivist pedagogy and their frequency of classroom computer use. The final regression model accounted for approximately 31% of the variance in the outcome measure for these factors. 相似文献
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This study focuses on exploring teacher learning in terms of teachers’ professional agency embedded in the classroom. Teachers’ sense of professional agency is related to perceiving instruction as a bidirectional process, use of students as a resource for professional learning and continuous reflection on teaching practices. Accordingly, the capacity to cross the boundaries in teacher learning contributes active professional agency and, consequently to work-related well-being. Hence, the interrelations between teachers’ sense of professional agency and the burnout they experienced were also analysed. Altogether 2310 Finnish comprehensive school teachers, including primary, subject and special education teachers, completed the study survey. The results indicated that active professional agency, promoting both learning and well-being, requires not just reflecting and adapting but also efforts to learn at work. Moreover this requires not just self-directed and active professional practice but also learning at the boundaries and creating new professional knowledge together with students and colleagues. 相似文献
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This study focused on foundational aspects of classroom relations. Specifically, relationships between teachers’ immediacy (interpersonal) behaviours, classroom democracy, identification and learning were considered. Previous work suggests that these variables can be used as a foundation to shape classroom climate, culture and learning outcomes and, by extension, assist educational institutions to achieve their civic mission. This study examined classroom democracy and class identification as variables that mediate the relationship between immediacy behaviours and learning using data collected from 529 students in six institutions of higher learning in Rwanda. Structural equation modeling revealed that classroom democracy mediates the relationship between immediacy behaviours and that classroom democracy and class identification covary substantially. The significant relationships in the final structural model suggest that immediate teachers are likely to have a positive influence on perceptions of classroom democracy, class identification and learning. Based on the growing scholarship of instructional dissent, this study highlights the foundational and strategic aspects underlying these relationships within the context of relating in the classroom and beyond. 相似文献