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1.
In this design experiment study, we investigated the problem: What conditions might foster students’ discernment of a critical aspect—variation in unidirectional change (e.g., discerning a “decreasing” increase)? At a public middle school in a large US city, we led a sequence of three days of whole class lessons, followed by task-based, clinical interviews with 14 seventh grade students (~?13 years old). Students interacted with researcher-developed dynamic computer environments, which linked filling polygon animations with dynamic graphs. We report results to demonstrate a range of students’ work along with detailed analyses of student interview episodes. We found connections between students’ predictions of graph type (linear, “mostly” linear, nonlinear), students’ conceptions of attributes represented by a graph, and students’ discernment of variation in unidirectional change. Students who discerned variation in unidirectional change also engaged in quantitative variational reasoning. To foster students’ discernment of variation in unidirectional change, task designers should provide opportunities for students to conceive of attributes as capable of varying and possible to measure. 相似文献
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人工智能时代的不期而至将重塑教学的课堂形态。基于人工智能的课堂教学无论其教学手段、教学方式、教学内容、教学设计、教学过程乃至教学评价等都将以智慧性、泛在性和场景的融合性为表征,知识呈现的形式与场景的融合使教学的“现实场景”凸显,学生发展的“审美创造”成为可能。然而,人工智能时代的教育面临的挑战不容小觑,知识目的观的“祛魅”与人性目的观的“返魅”、单质主客体的“消减”与多元主体的“建构”、“授人以渔”的方法论转向“授人以欲”主体论、学习的“苦行僧”变为意义生成的“审美者”,等等。基于此,就其改进策略而言,教学中“人是目的”的根本要素依然需要持守并要不断弘扬,无论环节、情景、方式、模式等发生何等变换,都是为人的全面发展而服务的。因此,遵循“立德树人”的根本宗旨,以知识“塑造灵魂”;培养混合式、人机融合式的教学模式创构能力;创造“人际”“人机”与“人世”精神交往的教学关系;以劳动教育为基础,以审美教育为灵魂,“五育并举”,创造丰富多样的综合实践活动形式,共同形成一个相互联系的有机整体,培养德智体美劳全面发展的社会主义事业的建设者和接班人。 相似文献
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从教学内容、教学方法和课后作业的布置三个方面论证了如何在概率论与数理统计教学中融入数学建模思想,指出在概率统计教学中融入数学建模思想将有助于学生学习其理论知识,培养学生运用数学思想和方法解决实际问题的能力和意识。 相似文献
4.
“双高计划”背景下“三教改革”是职业教育教学质量提质增效的重要手段,其核心在于“教法”改革。项目化教学以项目为主线、以实践教学和培养学生实际操作能力为主体,让学生掌握必要理论知识的教、学、做一体化教学方法,而混合教学模式打破时间和空间的局限,为学生学习的延伸提供了可能性。本文分析和讲解在混合教学模式下开展项目化教学的思路设计,以期为相关专业的教学实践带来借鉴。 相似文献
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高职教育人才大体上可分两类,一类是从事研究开发,研发新技术,另一类是要把开发研究出来的理论和技术转变成现实的生产。通过对高职院校学生特点的分析,认为要培养学生的创新与实践能力要从加强实训室建设、设置独立的实训课程、增加学生社会实践、完善实践教学体系四方面进行转变,以人文素质、实践能力的培养为中心,全面促进学生的综合能力的培养。 相似文献
6.
“大学服务社会”与“创新创业教育”是威斯康星思想的核心理念,更是社会实践一流课程的灵魂所在。高校社会实践一流课程应以培养学生综合能力为主,通过社会活动、学科竞赛、实践调研等方式帮助学生加深对专业知识的理解与运用,将“高校—师生—社会”等多方利益紧密结合,构建多元共赢的实践教学新体系。以“中国社会实践”课程改革为例,课程以威斯康星思想为启示,构建出“纵向教学”与“横向教学”相结合的实践教学模式,并对传统的实习鉴定考核模式进行了优化。课程将学科竞赛作为实践教学模式改革的试金石,并将项目策划全面融入实践教学内容,打造出高校社会实践课程新模式。 相似文献
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Mansoor Niaz 《科学教学研究杂志》1991,28(7):569-580
According to Piaget, a fundamental epistemological distinction must be made between the psychological and the epistemic subject. The epistemic subject is studied by the genetic epistemologist who charts development through a “common universal rationality, which develops,” whereas the psychological subject is studied by the developmental/cognitive psychologist by focusing on accidental contingencies surrounding particular people and their individual differences. The epistemic subject as compared to the psychological subject is an idealized abstraction, viz., that set of underlying epistemic structures common to everyone at the same level of development. The objective of this study is to investigate the degree to which investigators in science education conceptualize the difference between the epistemic and the psychological subjects. It is argued that just as the ideal gas law (based on the theoretical formulation of Maxwell and Boltzmann) provides a “general model” to which the real gases approximate under different experimental conditions, so we can consider (by abduction) the epistemic subject to be an “ideal knower” to which the real (psychological) subjects approximate to varying degrees. The difference between the epistemic and the psychological subjects, however, cannot be used as an “epistemological shield” in defense of Piagetian theory. Any test of the Piagetian theory must involve psychological or real subjects. Empirical testability, however, need not be equated to being scientific. An analogy is drawn between Galileo's idealization, which led to the discovery of the law of free-fall, and Piaget's epistemic subject. Research conducted in science education shows that at least for some critics the wide variations in the age at which individuals acquire the different Piagetian stages is crucial for rejecting the theory. It is argued that the real issue is not the “proportion of heterogeneity” but the understanding that Piaget, by neglecting individual differences, attempts to build a general model applicable across types of situations/subjects. The distinction between the epistemic and the psychological subjects is important not for defending Piaget's theory (which has serious theoretical flaws) but to understand epistemic transitions, for example, the one between Piaget's epistemic subject and Pascual-Leone's metasubject. It is concluded that failure to understand the distinction between the epistemic and the psychological subjects would lead to misconstruing the significance of our research findings and, what is more serious, to a lack of a historical perspective. 相似文献
9.
高等教育学经过近40年的学科建设,依然存在研究对象"多师少生"、研究主体"多己少他"、研究方法"多论少据"、研究应用"多学少术"四个方面的局限.为了提升高等教育学的科学性与可行性,应该从以学生为中心、构建多学科学术共同体、丰富研究方法及聚焦教学管理实际问题等几个方面来实现突破,真正发挥理论对高等教育实践的指导作用. 相似文献
10.
段文杰孔俨偲左登琴 《宁波大学学报(教育科学版)》2021,(3):74-081
在“一带一路”和构建人类命运共同体的背景下,世界各国之间的文化交流更趋频繁与深入,基于文化交流的人才培养模式探索显得格外重要。高校文化类课程的教学,在文化交流人才的培养中起着非常重要的作用,但文化类课程传统的教学模式难以适应文化交流人才的培养,亟需改革。从提高文化交流实际能力提高的要求出发,对文化类课程采取反向设计、转变课程教学目标、改革课堂教学和课程考核方式方法等措施,改变文化交流人才的培养模式,才能更好地培养具有国际化视野的文化交流人才。 相似文献
11.
王葳蕤 《北京城市学院学报》2021,(2):61-65
将多元教学模式运用于思政课教学以便为学生后续专业教育奠定良好基础是一种重要的可选择性方案。马克思主义基本原理概论课(以下简称“原理”课)作为高校思想政治理论课的重要组成部分和理论载体,显然也可做此路径的尝试。研究表明,“原理”课的知识内容可粗分为哲学知识类型、科学知识类型和信仰知识类型。这三种知识类型的教学分别适合运用讲授式教学模式、案例式教学模式和实践式教学模式。只有首先分清各部分知识的类型,然后才能采用较为适切的教学模式展开教学。这一新视角或可为多元教学模式在“原理”课教学中的具体运用提供新的依据。 相似文献
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《Teaching and Teacher Education》1994,10(2):157-167
The study aims to explore the implications of constructivist theory to the teacher's education and development. A post-graduate course for students of Education—“A Teacher Thinking” seminar, was constructed for this purpose. Its knowledge base was the participants' own practical knowledge which they were willing to share in the group. Its main strategy was the “Dialectical process of reflection in the group” which was used as a means of enhancing the participants to investigate their own practice and construct their own theories-of-teaching. Four examples from the seminar are elaborated in the paper. They serve as illustrations for the teachers' personal professional development. 相似文献
13.
Educators have increasingly implemented remedial education in elementary and secondary schools throughout Taiwan as a systemic approach toward closing achievement gaps. However, students from lower socioeconomic backgrounds and those in remote areas have shown little improvement in academic achievement. This issue raises the question of how educators are providing needed learning support to disadvantaged students in school and classroom settings. Thus, this study applies grounded theory to investigate teachers’ reactions to the remedial education policy in Taiwan, to have a reflective assessment on the policy, and to provide suggestions for policy implementation. The findings suggest that teachers’ responses to this government-imposed, centralized approach—classified as “cosmetic compliance,” “professional commitment,” and “try-out participation”—vary widely based on whether their ideological underpinnings are consistent with the government’s policy intent to close achievement gaps, and on whether they are equipped with professional knowledge and practical strategies to support the effective implementation of remedial education. Based on the findings, this study develops an interactive systemic model for more effectively implementing the remedial education policy, which illustrates a conceptualization that educational practitioners can hold professional autonomy while improving teaching and learning for low-achieving students. 相似文献
14.
梁杰 《北京工业职业技术学院学报》2020,(1):79-82,86
实践教学是高职思想政治理论课教学的重要组成部分,是学生伦理道德、价值观念养成的主要途径。从课程体系建设、学科教学设计、课堂教学活动三个层面梳理思政课实践教学的概念,探讨思政课实践教学的“实然”问题。从高职学生心理发展的视角探讨思政课实践教学的必然性,提出通过顺应、认同、内化三个心理机制的作用破解思政课实践教学困境的观点。 相似文献
15.
Lisa Schneier 《Interchange》2018,49(1):5-24
Originally written 30 years ago, this paper is an analysis of the central challenge of schooling—that of engaging fully the powers of students’ minds in classroom learning. This challenge maintains its relevance today. The work of engaging what John Dewey referred to as students’ “inner attention” becomes the focus of an investigation of students’ current ideas in a variety of subject matters. This investigation reveals areas in which their ideas diverge from the established curriculum. It uses the methodology of Critical Exploration, which was developed by Eleanor Duckworth as a teaching and research methodology that both reveals learners’ ideas and encourages their active creation of meaning. This methodology provides students with rich and complex curriculum materials for their own manipulation; it also provides them the freedom to express, however tentatively, their ideas, to take them seriously, and to follow them through. As a result of these studies of learning, I put forward the view that a significant part of the responsibility for students’ alienation from classroom learning lies with a conception of knowledge, often reflected in curriculum, that is too rigid to take their ideas into account. I elaborate this view in an analysis of the aspects of particular subject matters that alienate students if the students are not given adequate ways of entering them. I make the case that these same complexities can be used as compelling invitations into deeper knowledge. 相似文献
16.
In his article “Principled Practical Knowledge: Not a Bridge but a Ladder,” Carl Bereiter (2014) argues that theoretical knowledge is too shallow to support the generation of innovative learning activities. He makes a case for principled practical knowledge (PPK)—“principled know-how and know-why”—to fulfill this practical generative role. We argue and illustrate in this commentary that PPK as portrayed by Bereiter does not offer much practical guidance for 2 potential users: professional designers and teachers. For professional designers PPK should be further specified in order to fulfill its generative role. But even this enriched form of PPK still does not suffice to address the challenging issues of practicality teachers face. We explain the magnitude and dimensions that underlie practicality in the everyday work of teachers and suggest how recent work on fast and frugal heuristics can contribute to helping teachers to make instructional innovations practical. 相似文献
17.
Ilmi Willbergh 《Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research》2017,61(5):616-627
Using an observation study in Norwegian lower-secondary school classrooms this paper explores how subject matter and students’ real-world experiences are linked within the use of examples in teaching. The theory of “mimetic didactics” claims that giving students the possibility to interpret examples as both subject matter and something that is relevant to their own lives becomes a possibility through imaginative “as-if” experiences. The study finds that “as-if” experiences in the data are created by identifying with others and through a context-dependent knowledge base. The topics in the examples actualise being human within the political, economic and existential realm and offer possibilities to make knowledge relevant for the students’ future. The study’s contribution to classroom research comprises new concepts on the content aspects of classroom talk: the questions of knowledge accumulation and purpose. 相似文献
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在我国,大学生创业政策经历了近二十年变迁。将大学生创业政策议程置于多源流理论框架中进行分析发现:持续的“就业难”和“创业难”促使大学生创业引发决策者关注,加速政策议程的形成。与此同时,国民情绪推动了政策窗口的持续开启。2014年,李克强总理提出“大众创业、万众创新”鼓励全民创业,在这个时间点上,三大源流的耦合,促成了“双创”背景下大学生创业政策体系的形成。 相似文献
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Xing Wanli Lee Hee-Sun Shibani Antonette 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》2020,68(5):2185-2214
Constructing scientific arguments is an important practice for students because it helps them to make sense of data using scientific knowledge and within the conceptual and experimental boundaries of an investigation. In this study, we used a text mining method called Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) to identify underlying patterns in students written scientific arguments about a complex scientific phenomenon called Albedo Effect. We further examined how identified patterns compare to existing frameworks related to explaining evidence to support claims and attributing sources of uncertainty. LDA was applied to electronically stored arguments written by 2472 students and concerning how decreases in sea ice affect global temperatures. The results indicated that each content topic identified in the explanations by the LDA— “data only,” “reasoning only,” “data and reasoning combined,” “wrong reasoning types,” and “restatement of the claim”—could be interpreted using the claim–evidence–reasoning framework. Similarly, each topic identified in the students’ uncertainty attributions— “self-evaluations,” “personal sources related to knowledge and experience,” and “scientific sources related to reasoning and data”—could be interpreted using the taxonomy of uncertainty attribution. These results indicate that LDA can serve as a tool for content analysis that can discover semantic patterns in students’ scientific argumentation in particular science domains and facilitate teachers’ providing help to students.
相似文献20.
The importance of “size and scale” in nanoscience and engineering has been recognized by both scientists and science educators. A solid understanding of this concept is key to the learning of nanoscience. Students, however, have been reported to have considerable difficulty grasping this concept; yet little is known regarding their state of understanding. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted a series of studies that were aimed at exploring the different ways students conceive of “size and scale” in the context of undergraduate nanoscience and engineering courses. Informed by Variation Theory of Learning (Marton and Booth, 1997), we identified four major categories (with two sub‐categories within each) of student conception—fragmented, linear, proportional, and logarithmic. These conception categories, together with the aspects of variation that characterize and distinguish them, are summarized in a typology. In addition to serving as a diagnostic tool to describe students' understanding, this typology can also be used to guide the development of instructional interventions that facilitate students to move toward a more sophisticated understanding of “size and scale.” © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., Inc. J Res Sci Teach 48: 512–533, 2011 相似文献