共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 281 毫秒
1.
三种主要教育规划方法述评 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文概述了三种主要的教育规划方法——人力需求法、社会需求法和成本收益分析法,并对这三种方法的优缺点分别进行了评述。文章最后指出,教育规划方法是影响教育规划成败的一个关键因素,改进、综合这三种教育规划方法,或创造一种新的教育规划方法,仍是学者们今后需要研究的一个重大课题。 相似文献
2.
要实现人力需求预测在教育规划中的准确应用,最为关键的环节在于如何将对未来职业的需求转化为对各级各类教育水平的人才的需求。这是一个非常困难但是可以完成的任务。转换的方法可以包括趋势外推法、国际比较法以及雇主访谈法等。 相似文献
3.
戚业国 《华东师范大学学报(教育科学版)》2009,27(1):01-08
教育规划是在二战后兴起并受到重视的,半个多世纪的发展中历经多次起伏,形成了客观与主观两种基本范式,出现了专家、政治和协商三种基本规划模型.教育规划有国际比较、人力需求、社会需求、成本收益、成本效用等技术方法,但这些技术方法经常处于争议中,合理运用这些技术方法,处理好五个方面的关系是教育规划成败的关键之一. 相似文献
4.
马克·布劳格是一位著名的经济学家,其代表作《An Introduction to the Economicsof Education》(Penguin,1972)(以下简称《Introduction》)集中体现了其教育经济观。全书以人力资本论为核心,以教育规划为主题,详细探讨了成本一利益分析、成本一效益分析、人力需求等规划技术,提出了以资本收益率为尺度的教育规划方法和以成本一效益分析为基本技术的学校经营方法。此书是一本综合性的教育经济学著作,在西方国家,尤其是英联邦国家有着广泛的影响。本文将对其主要观点进行介绍和初评。 相似文献
5.
刘枫 《天津市教科院学报》2001,(4):61-63
一、人力供需理论的概念 人力有广义与狭义之分。广义的人力是以人为一种资源，任何人由出生到死亡都可以称为人力。狭义的人力是指各国立法上承认的可以从事生产劳动的年龄，即劳动力。人力供需理论主要是在狭义的范围内研究现实社会中人力的供应（ｓｕｐｐｌｙ）与需求（ｄｅｍａｎｄ）之间关系的学说。一方面，人力供应首先取决于人口的增长（包括自然增长与社会增长），因为人口供应可以决定劳动力总量的供应；其次取决于劳动力的数量与质量、工作意愿与努力程度。影响劳动力上述情况的因素有三：一是工资。工资决定个人工作意愿与努力… 相似文献
6.
采用时间数列分析方法,建构专业人力数量的预测模式,据以研究台湾专业人力的变动趋势及未来专业人力的变动趋势及未来专业人力的需求数量.根据推估结果,2005～2010年间,台湾专业人力的数量,将呈现稳定成长的趋势,逐年增加为85万人以上. 相似文献
7.
我国高校人力成本管理的理论方法研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文借鉴国内外人力资源会计理论方法，对我国高校人力成本管理的理论和方法作了探讨，提出高校人力成本管理理论和方法体系由人力成本会计核算体系、人力成本综合指标体系和人力成本管理制度体系构成，并对人力成本会计核算体系作了较具体设计。 相似文献
8.
张芋心 《河南科技学院学报》2010,(1):47-49
女性人力资源是人力资源的重要组成部分,其开发和利用均未引起社会的高度重视。通过对甘肃省天水市妇女就业问题的调查、分析,验证并补充了潘锦棠教授“女性人力资源的开发与利用受人力环境的影响”的人力环境理论。且结合当地实际,提出了开发和利用女性人力资源的建议。 相似文献
9.
高校图书馆人力资源管理应该把人力发展、人力质量管理与满足读者需求紧密结合起来,确保人力资源规范、有效的发展.海南大学图书馆在实施全面质量管理的过程中,确立人力发展的质量目标--不断满足读者需求,紧紧围绕读者服务这一基本职能,加强了对人力的开发和管理,保证了服务质量,为最终实现人力管理的质量目标奠定了坚实的基础. 相似文献
10.
高校图书馆人力资源管理应该把人力发展、人力质量管理与满足读者需求紧密结合起来,确保人力资源规范、有效的发展.海南大学图书馆在实施全面质量管理的过程中,确立人力发展的质量目标--不断满足读者需求,紧紧围绕读者服务这一基本职能,加强了对人力的开发和管理,保证了服务质量,为最终实现人力管理的质量目标奠定了坚实的基础. 相似文献
11.
M.C. Verma 《International Journal of Educational Development》1984,4(3):173-221
Skilled manpower forecasts are considered the essence of national or regional manpower planning. A variety of such forecasts in such a vast and complex country as India is not unexpected. Skilled manpower was and continues to be considered an essential building block for nation-building in most developing countries including India. Indeed, it has been difficult to rationalise expenditure on most new educational institutions — technical or non-technical — in India with its vast problems of high illiteracy and low per capita income without some manpower demand forecasts.Given this setting, this paper has attempted to take a close and dispassionate look at the experience of India in manpower planning, especially since Independence. The paper has reviewed the methodology used in the various exercises made for such forecasts — sometimes done right up to matriculation level — and attempted many realisation comparisons. Even for the high professional categories such as engineers, scientists and doctors it has found serious discrepancies. While it has tried to rationalise them and assessed their actual impact on educational decision-making, it had to take note of very serious data constraints which make both supply and demand estimates difficult. The data situation in the predominantly agrarian Indian economy has therefore been carefully reviewed and suggestions for adjustments and improvements of data made.Since occupational structures and their evolution are almost a sine qua non of a classical manpower requirements approach, the paper takes a close look at the latest available data from the Census and other sources. It certainly found growth in occupational divisions 0, 1 and 2, but sometimes cannot separate the genuine growth from that due to the ‘supply’ effect. Despite all these limitations the paper notices that manpower planning activity continues to be favoured at practically all levels — national, State, regional or industrial. 相似文献
12.
《欧洲教育》2013,45(1):10-12
Modifications of the job structure made necessary by scientific and technical progress constitute an important question with regard to the reorganization of the school system; moreover, it is a question whose answers lie not only in the planning of the labor force, but to a far greater extent in economic planning for the country as a whole. Since Italian economic planning has placed its bet explicitly on the factor of "scientific and technical progress," it is evident that this problem cannot be limited to the question of skill requirements. Rather, it is generally assumed that, although a reduction of the problem to manpower and skill research and educational planning may indeed be expedient for methodological and systematic reasons, such an approach fails to deal with the most crucial issue: namely, how "active" economic planning can go beyond merely assessing the existing state of affairs to influencing directly the basic dynamics of the economy and, accordingly, redefining economic objectives as well. If the planning of vocational-technical training were seen primarily as adaptation to uncontrollable economic processes, the conclusion for Italy might well be that, given permanent unemployment (4), such planning need not be carried out, for enough labor of all categories is already on hand. 相似文献
13.
George Forde 《Educational Media International》2013,50(3):186-191
Abstract The paper attempts to show that educational planning in the English‐speaking Caribbean and Surinam, is in a questionable state. Indeed, one can argue that any meaningful planning goes on in spite of, rather than as a result of formal planning by planning units where they exist. This of course raises questions with respect to efficient resource utilization. The paper argues that the available training bodies have concentrated on individual planners, and have failed to provide training in the development of planned systems, or planning as a process. The aspects of strategic planning recommended here, place specific emphasis on planning as a process, recognize the socio‐political imperatives in the management of education, and the essential bankruptcy of an approach that concentrates on a planner as the key factor in educational change. 相似文献
14.
George Psacharopoulos 《Higher Education》1973,2(4):461-474
The purpose of this essay is to suggest an analytical framework for estimating manpower requirements by skill categories for the purpose of educational planning. In what follows, we first summarise the classic manpower requirements approach and modify it, through the use of an inter-industry model, in order to take into account second order effects in the generation of the demand for skills. Next, the model is applied to actual data to illustrate the techniques used. Although planning applies to future actions, the model is applied within a known period in the past to permit a more realistic testing of its performance and sensitivity. Special attention is given to the question of the relative sensitivity of results to the technical coefficients of a Leontief inter-sectoral input-output matrix and the intrasectoral occupation coefficients, with the distinctive aspects of substitution and productivity change that these structures reflect. 相似文献
15.
The forms that assessment takes are widely recognised as determinants of educational practice. This paper, however, argues that a teacher's professional consciousness is a more fundamental determinant of teaching practice. To explore the issue, this paper examines data from a larger study which set out to examine the relationship between teachers' practice and their beliefs in the context of a mandatory school-based assessment scheme. Using a theoretical framework that advocates an emancipatory approach to educational changes, it was found that some teachers adopted a passive role regarding policy interpretation and implementation while others adopted a more critical stance in interpreting the policy requirements, demonstrating a more proactive approach in its implementation. The emancipatory approach is conceptualised in terms of three key dimensions: professional confidence, professional interpretation and professional consciousness. The findings of the study carry implications for teacher professional development. 相似文献
16.
Jani Ursin Helena Aittola Charles Henderson Jussi Välimaa 《Tertiary Education and Management》2013,19(4):327-340
Mergers are common phenomena in higher education institutions. Improving educational quality is typically one of the stated goals of university mergers. Yet, little information exists about how merging institutions approach this goal. This paper presents results from a study of planning documents created prior to four mergers in the Finnish higher education system. These documents show that there was little concrete attention given to the educational issues related to the mergers. Most attention was placed on administrative issues and issues related to research. When educational issues were mentioned, it was almost always in the form of vague goals with few details provided about how the goals were to be reached. We conclude that this lack of attention to the educational aspect of mergers is a significant weakness of the planning process in these mergers. 相似文献
17.
Ursin Jani Aittola Helena Henderson Charles Valimaa Jussi 《Tertiary Education and Management》2010,16(4):327-340
Mergers are common phenomena in higher education institutions. Improving educational quality is typically one of the stated goals of university mergers. Yet, little information exists about how merging institutions approach this goal. This paper presents results from a study of planning documents created prior to four mergers in the Finnish higher education system. These documents show that there was little concrete attention given to the educational issues related to the mergers. Most attention was placed on administrative issues and issues related to research. When educational issues were mentioned, it was almost always in the form of vague goals with few details provided about how the goals were to be reached. We conclude that this lack of attention to the educational aspect of mergers is a significant weakness of the planning process in these mergers.
相似文献18.
中国社会经济发展进入了新的时代,城乡规划行业也面对着“新要求、新挑战、新机遇”。在这种大背景下,城乡规划专业进行供给侧结构性改革势在必行。文章首先解析了高职院校城乡规划专业供给侧结构性改革的要素,并进一步阐述了“顶层设计+1234”的改革途径和方法。 相似文献
19.
This paper is an attempt to describe the nature and scope of educational provision in Tanzania since 1967. It focusses on the implications of educational policy for the development of manpower which would be suited to the satisfaction of basic needs in rural areas.Tanzania since 1967 is reportedly attempting to implement what amounts to a basic needs strategy of development in line with the declared socialist objectives of the Government.This strategy is essentially a mixture of poverty and employment oriented strategies directed at satisfying essential human needs in areas such as health, education, safe water, housing and sanitation, and food supply as well as other requirements for a fully productive life.Although the provision of education is itself a basic need, it is also a vehicle for the production of trained manpower which is essential to the effective implementation of the basic needs strategy in the other sectors mentioned above. This paper presents preliminary and tentative impressions of the relevance of Tanzania's educational system to the Government's objective of meeting the basic needs of its people as soon as possible.The paper is divided into four sections: educational philosophy in Tanzania, educational growth and development, manpower implications and theoretical models explaining the development of educational resources in Tanzania since 1967.It concludes that, where planning has preceded political decisions, large measures of success have been achieved, but that, overall, political expediency and haste have created substantial divergences between policy and practice. 相似文献