共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 250 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
在国外的传媒中，常常把对体育最有创造和影响的人称谓“体育之父”，在法国、瑞典、瑞士等国家，都有他们自己的体育之父。德国历史上有三个体育之父，古兹牟茨（１７５９～１８３９年）是“德意志体育之父”，史书上把他称为“近代体育创始者”。德国的第二个“体育之父”是F·杨（１７７８～１８５２年），他是德意志国民体育之父，是德国体操的创始人。施皮斯（１８１０～１８５８年）是德国的第三个“体育之父，因为他的功绩主要是在学校体育方面，所以又被称为“德意志学校体育之父”。他的体育教学模式影响了德国学校一个世纪。施皮… 相似文献
4.
张新科教授的学术专访,围绕体育社会化、德国社会体育发展、文学创作中的体育叙事、体育融入课程思政以及讲好中国故事中体育故事化叙事进行了社会学阐述,相关论点对体育强国建设中“全民健身”和“体育强国”双重国家战略目标的实现具有一定的镜鉴价值。 相似文献
5.
二战以来德国体育的发展 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
李振彪 《天津体育学院学报》1995,10(1):15-20
通过纵览德国（前联邦德国）近５０年的体育发展情况，对德国体育管理体系以及德国二战后所颁布的各种体育决议、计划进行了较详尽的介绍，旨在为我国的体育改革与发展提供参考。 相似文献
6.
对高校校园体育文化的探讨 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
从校园体育化建设的角度出发，以献资料为基础，以专家访谈为补充，分析了校园体育化的内涵和2l世纪高校校园体育化的新特点，论述了高校校园体育化的建设，旨在加深对高校校园体育化的认识，进一步加快高校校园体育化的建设。 相似文献
7.
8.
运用文献资料法、逻辑复分析法等研究方法对近代中国军队引入德国兵操的历史背景、原因、成效等问题进行研究,文章认为德国兵操对中国近代军事体育的现代化具有非常重要的影响,使体育在中国军队当中成为一种具有相对独立地位的练兵手段,客观上为中国军队体育的近代化进程起到了推动作用。 相似文献
9.
竞技体育与校园体育文化建设 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
陈少宇 《体育成人教育学刊》2004,20(4):33-34
竞技体育能有效丰富学校体育活动形式，提升校园体育化的品位和层次，对青年学生具有积极的教育和引导作用。分析了校园体育化的内涵、学校开展竞技体育的误区和解决途径，以促进校园体育化的健康发展。 相似文献
10.
11.
《Sport in History》2013,33(4):569-594
In ‘inventing’ and exporting modern sports to the world, the British influenced innumerable people. However, by the inter-war period, there was a general anxiety regarding British decline. The reasons were threefold. First, British health and fitness experts underlined the low physical standards of their people. Second, it became evident that Britain's leading position in international sport was under threat. Third, the fascist states seemed to be doing particularly well in this area. How could the British Empire last without strong men to defend it? Perhaps part of the solution might be found overseas in just the place where the present ‘danger’ came from. This paper studies this reversed influence and shows how German influence affected British fitness policies in the 1930s. In a period marked by appeasement, sports meetings, official visits and a large amount of cultural propaganda resulted in the sharing of British and German experiences. However, the attitude of the British was complex and their determination to go their own way limited the effectiveness of German influence. By the time the war broke out, the British had distanced themselves from German organization and values once again. The brief flirtation with fascist forms of physical culture was over. 相似文献
12.
In July 1944 cross-country races and parades of physical culturists were prominently used to celebrate Soviet liberation from German occupation. While journalistic accounts stressed the manly health and vigour of the victorious Red Army, press photographs in Pravda and Red Sport, and Aleksandr Deneika's monumental painting 'Liberation', emphasised images of the young female physical culturist. This essay explores what a contextualised analysis of these images may have to tell historians about the connections between women, physical culture and liberation being projected. The argument suggests that, on one level, the images straightforwardly symbolised and celebrated the liberation of the Soviet 'Motherland'. On another, more complex level, the images represented a particularly nuanced notion of constricted liberation for Soviet women deriving from 1920s eugenic and evolutionary discourse, inscribed into the contemporary imperative for engagement with physical culture as a necessary stage of healthful body discipline on the path to hygienic and successful motherhood. 相似文献
13.
To date, most of the work on the occupational socialization of physical education (PE) teachers has been completed in the United States and Britain. The purpose of this study was to examine and describe the occupational socialization of German PE teachers who were trained prior to unification of the two German states and worked in both their old nations and the new Germany. The two research questions we attempted to answer were (a) What were the perspectives and practices of West German (WG) and East German (EG) PE teachers? and (b) What factors influenced these perspectives and practices? Participants were five former WG and five former EG teachers. Data were collected using four qualitative techniques (formal and follow-up interviews, document analysis, film snippets) and analyzed by employing analytic induction and constant comparison. Findings indicated that there were distinct and different patterns of socialization for the former German states. The WG group possessed conservative teaching orientations nurtured during their childhood and youth and reinforced during their training and by their school cultures. Perceived changes in German society and culture led to slight modifications of these orientations over the teachers’ careers. Prior to reunification, the EG group possessed a high performance orientation primarily honed by the politics of the state. The perspectives and practices of WG teachers were relatively unaffected by reunification. In contrast, the transition to a new system was emancipating for four of the EG teachers who shifted to a teaching orientation. Conversely, the transition was particularly difficult for one of the former EG teachers who partially retained his high performance orientation and strategically complied with new national requirements. 相似文献
14.
对德国大学健身体育的认知与诠释 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
德国大学的健身体育活动开展极为普及,其健身运动项目设置适度,训练内容丰富,活动方式多样,是德国大学学校体育的显著特色之一。健身体育不仅可以满足人们身体健康的要求,还可以调节人们的运动情趣和行为方式,给人以自信,使人的生命保持最佳的运作状态。 相似文献
15.
This essay examines the images and looking practices central to Bess M. Mensendieck's (c.1866-1959) 'functional exercise' system, as documented in physical culture treatises published in Germany and the United States between 1906 and 1937. Believing that muscular realignment could not occur without seeing how the body worked, Mensendieck taught adult non-athletes to see skeletal alignment and muscular movement in their own and others' bodies. Three levels of looking practices are examined: didactic sequences; penetrating inspection and appreciation of physiological structures; and ideokinetic visual metaphors for guiding movement. With these techniques, Mensendieck's work bridged the body cultures of German Nacktkultur (nudism), American labour efficiency and the emerging physical education profession. This case study demonstrates how sport historians could expand their analyses to include practices of looking as well as questions of visual representation. 相似文献
16.
《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(4):283-291
Abstract The aim of the study was to examine the relationships between physical activity and several health parameters in German adolescents. We predicted that the association between physical activity and physical and psychosocial health resources (physical and psychosocial characteristics that tend to enhance coping and well-being) would be stronger than the association between physical activity and health deficits. This research is based on a large representative, cross-sectional study (the German Health Interview and Examination Survey [KiGGS] and the Motoric-Module [MoMo]). Health was assessed using medical parameters, motor fitness data, and questionnaire data for various health-related parameters. To assess physical activity, the participants answered questions regarding the duration and intensity of weekly physical activity in leisure and organized sports. We tested our assumptions using a representative sample (N=2291; 50.5% boys) of German adolescents aged 11–17 years. Participants were classified as physically inactive (16.7%), somewhat active (24.7%), medium active (19.8%), active (14.4%) or highly active (24.4%), based on the duration and intensity of their weekly physical activity. In support of our hypothesis, the data revealed that the amount of physical activity explains up to 12.6% in the variance of physical and psychosocial health resources, but only 2.5% of the variance in physical and psychosocial health deficits. We conclude that the relationship between physical activity and health among adolescents should not only be viewed as a way of reducing health deficits, but should also focus on the enhancement of physical and psychosocial resources. 相似文献
17.
Fußball is the most popular sport in Germany. The reasons for this extraordinary status and success of association football in Germany are complex. In this article, answers are searched for in the context of the historical development of German society. After a review of the recent development of German football and football historiography, the paper focuses on two issues relating to the origins of German football. These are the transformation of football in the then dominant body culture of gymnastics, and secondly its impact on the German process of nation-building. Both processes are not only linked, but also related to the concept of manliness in German sport and society. This is the reason why women’s football in Germany was not accepted until the late 1960s in German society—and British as well. 相似文献
18.
采用文献综述法和调查访问法,以德国波鸿-鲁尔大学为例,从机构设置、协会设置等两个方面来分析和解释高校体育的系统结构,对德国高校体育的组织架构与功能做了介绍和研究,并通过实例分析德国高校体育体系构制成熟和功能完善。 相似文献
19.
Prof. Dr. Michael Krüger 《Sportwissenschaft》2010,40(4):268-284
This research report details the origin and results of the project entitled“The Life and Work of Carl Diem,” which was made possible by the support of the German Sports Federation, the German National Olympic Committee, the German Sport University of Cologne, and the Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach Foundation from 2005 to 2007. Both the topic and the project were quite well received by the public. The project addressed the divergent topics of the history of sports science and the policy of dealing with the past of German sports. These aspects of the theoretical background are highlighted in an introductory section illustrating how they relate to the project. The core of the research report focuses on a contextual discussion of the goals and results of the project. The debate surrounding the culture of remembrance in German sports has thus gained new momentum. 相似文献
20.
大学生运动心肺功能的比较研究 总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14
采用西德Jaeger公司运动心肺功能仪，对静息心肺功能均正常的两组学生(一组为经常进行体育锻炼，一组为很少或几乎不进行体育锻炼)进行测试，以观察研究在承受运动负荷时，其运动心肺功能的变化状况。 相似文献