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1.
Total lipids, cholesterol, phospholipids, free fatty acids, total glycerides and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity of 26 patients of Ischaemic Heart Disease (IHD) and similar number of age and sex matched control individuals were studied to find out abnormality in lipid metabolism. Incidence of IHD was more common amongst males as compared to females. Significant low levels of serum LPL activity and higher levels of other parameters was thus evident in patients of IHD and this may explain the altered lipid metabolism and hypertriglyceridemia in patients of IHD.  相似文献   

2.
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the serum levels of lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase and lipoprotein cholesterol in hyperthyroid patients. The serum levels of total cholesterol and triacylglycerols were also determined in order to assess the lipid status of these patients. It was observed that serum content of total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high density liproprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were significantly lower (P<0.001) in these patients whereas serum triacylglycerols (Tg.) and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) (P>0.05) did not show any significant change as compared to control values. However, the serum level of lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase (LCAT) was significantly higher (P<0.001) in these patients. It is concluded that an increased LCAT activity plays a significant role in regulating lipoprotein cholesterol levels in hyperthyroid patients.  相似文献   

3.
Total thiol status of plasma, especially thiol groups over protein contributes maximum to the plasma antioxidant status of the body. Serum protein thiols were found to be decreased in various disease conditions including chronic renal failure patients. Only few studies determined the levels of urinary protein thiols in disease conditions. The current study was designed to know the levels of urinary protein thiols in patients with different grades of proteinuria. The study was conducted on urine of 40 healthy controls and 61 cases with proteinuria. Based on proteinuria cases were further divided into two groups; group I - microproteinuria (150–300 mg protein/d), 32 cases, group II - frank proteinuria (>300 mg protein/d), 29 cases. Urinary thiol levels were determined by spectrophotometric method using dithionitrobenzoic acid. A significant decrease (p<0.01) in urinary thiol in group I and group II cases was observed in present study and this decrease was associated with proteinuria.  相似文献   

4.
Elevated plasma triglyceride and non-esterified fatty acid concentrations may cause insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) is a rate-determining enzyme in lipid metabolism. A variant in the LPL gene has been identified which alters the penultimate amino acid Serine at 447 to a stop codon (S447X), and results in a truncated LPL molecule lacking the C-terminal dipeptide Ser–Gly. The present study was designed to evaluate the frequency of S447X variant in the LPL gene and its effect on the lipid and lipoprotein levels in type 2 diabetic subjects. The genotype frequency distributions of type 2 diabetes patients and controls were in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. Comparison of the genotype and allelic frequencies of S447X in subjects with type 2 diabetics compared to controls demonstrated no significant difference. In subjects with type 2 diabetics having hypertriglyceridemia (TG ≥ 150 mg/dl) compared to diabetics with TG level <150 mg/dl, significant difference in genotype frequency was found among these groups, while allelic frequency of X was significantly differed. Logistic regression analysis showed the negative association of LPL S447X variant with TG and VLDL cholesterol, while no association with total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and LDL cholesterol was found. The lipid levels except for HDL cholesterol were found to be significantly lower in carriers for S447X than wild type in diabetes group. The decreased level of TG and TG rich lipoprotein in subjects with SNP S447X in LPL, predicts anti-atherogenic activity of carriers for S447X variant in general population as well as type 2 diabetic patients.  相似文献   

5.
The objective of the present study was to evaluate hypolipidemic effect of methanolic extract of Celastrus paniculatus in experimentally induced hypercholesterolemic rats. Hypercholesterolemia was induced by feeding the animals with high fat diet. Oral administration of methanolic seed extract (50%) of Celastrus paniculatus at the optimized dose of 65 mg/kg body weight, substantially reduced the plasma total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL cholesterol in comparison with induced hypercholesterolemic animal group and the results were comparable with the standard hypocholesterolemic drug and almost similar to the control group. Atherogenic index and liver weight of treated animals also showed significant decrease compared to the hypercholesterolemic animals. It substantially increased the HDL cholesterol level as compared to control group. A significant increase in the activities of lipoprotein lipase and plasma LCAT enhanced hepatic bile acid synthesis and thereby, increased degradation of cholesterol to neutral sterols. Furthermore, the activities of HMG-CoA reductase, glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase and malate dehydrogenase were significantly reduced. Histological studies showed less cholesterol deposits in the aorta of animals fed with seed extract of C. paniculatus compared to the induced hypercholesterolemic animals not given C. paniculatus supplement.  相似文献   

6.
以遗传性非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病ＫＫ小鼠为动物模型,研究钒对雌雄性糖尿病小鼠的降糖作用．实验选择３周龄的ＫＫ小鼠,雌雄各半,通过自由饮水方式给予雌雄性小鼠０ｍｇ/Ｌ、０.１ｍｇ/Ｌ和１００ｍｇ/Ｌ的钒酸铵,实验周期为１７周,观察不同剂量钒酸铵对血糖、甘油三酯和总胆固醇代谢的影响．研究结果表明,０１ｍｇ?Ｌ钒酸铵对雌雄性小鼠的血糖水平和血液生化指标没有明显的影响,高剂量钒酸铵（１００ｍｇ?Ｌ）明显降低雄性糖尿病小鼠的饮水量、血糖水平、糖基化血红蛋白、甘油三酯和总胆固醇等,葡萄糖耐量水平得到显著改善,对糖尿病小鼠的肝肾功能没有影响．结果提示钒酸铵对雌性小鼠和雄性小鼠具有降血糖作用,其作用效果有明显的性别差异．  相似文献   

7.
Tubular damage is a complication associated with nephrotic syndrome and increased levels of urinary enzymes are of significant value in detection of the same. The aim of our study was to evaluate the use of urinary lysozyme and trehalase as markers of tubular dysfunction in nephrotic syndrome. This study assessed 35 nephrotic syndrome patients and 30 healthy controls matched for age and sex. Urine samples were examined at pretreatment and post treatment (8 weeks) stages for proteinuria, lysozyme and trehalase. At pretreatmant stage there was significant increase in urinary lysozyme and trehalase as compared to controls (p<0.001). A good correlation was observed between degree of proteinuria and urinary lysozyme (p<0.001;r=0.80) and trehalase (p<0.001; r=0.74). At the end of 8 weeks of treatment, the patients showed significant decrease in their urinary lysozyme and trehalase activity (p<0.001) but no correlation with degree of proteinuria was observed. Our results indicate that enzymes like lysozyme and trehalase can be used as markers of tubular dysfunction.  相似文献   

8.
To study the mechanism of action of water soluble compound GII purified from fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum) seeds which was shown earlier to have antidiabetic effect in the subdiabetic, moderately and severely diabetic rabbits. In rabbits (1–1.5 kg bw) diabetes was induced by intravenous injection of 80 mg/kg bw of alloxan. They were fed with GII at a dose of 50 mg/kg bw daily once in the morning for 15 days in the subdiabetic and moderately diabetic and 30 days in the severely diabetic rabbits. Serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), LDL + VLDL cholesterol [(LDL + VLDL)C], HDL cholesterol [(HDL)C], total tissue lipids, glycogen and enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism (glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, polyol pathway) hexokinase, glucokinase, pyruvate kinase, malic enzyme, glucose-6-phosphatase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, aldose reductase and sorbitol dehydrogenase and antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and superoxide dismutase were estimated. Liver and kidney function parameters were also estimated. Treatment with GII for 15 days in the subdiabetic and moderately diabetic rabbits and for 30 days in the severely diabetic rabbits (i) decreased the elevated lipids TC, TG, (LDL + VLDL)C and increased the decreased (HDL)C, (ii) decreased the elevated liver and heart total lipids, TC and TG, (iii) increased the decreased liver and muscle glycogen, (iv) increased the decreased hexokinase, glucokinase, pyruvate kinase, malic enzyme, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, (v) decreased the increased glucose-6-phosphatase, sorbitol dehydrogenase, aldose reductase. Results thus show that treatment with GII compound purified from fenugreek seeds for 15 days in the subdiabetic and moderately diabetic and 30 days in the severely diabetic rabbits corrects the altered serum lipids, tissue lipids, glycogen, enzymes of glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, glycogen metabolism, polyol pathway and antioxidant enzymes. Histopathological abnormalities (fatty infiltration and other cellular changes) seen in the pancreas, liver, heart and kidneys were repaired after treatment with GII. In fact partially damaged pancreas was repaired. Liver and kidney function test results were normal in the GII treated animals indicating that GII treatment is safe and free from any side effects.  相似文献   

9.
Twenty-four hour urinary albumin excretion (UAE) is considered as gold standard method for albuminuria measurement, but collection of 24-h urine is inconvenient. The aim of present study was to evaluate whether albumin: creatinine ratio (ACR) and urinary albumin concentration (UAC) in different spot urine samples correlate or not with 24-h UAE for screening of microalbuminuria in type 2 diabetic patients. We collected first morning void (FMV), random urine sample (RUS) and 24-h urine, separately on consecutive days from 104 type 2 diabetic patients. ACR and UAC in each spot urine sample compared with 24-h UAE with regard to Pearson correlation coefficient. Pearson’s correlation of albumin: creatinine ratio (ACR) with 24-h UAE was (r = 0.802 and 0.623) in first morning void (FMV) and random urine sample (RUS), respectively. Pearson’s correlation coefficient of urinary albumin concentration (UAC) compared with 24-h UAE was (r = 0.943 and 0.920), in FMV and RUS, respectively, P < 0.01. Results revealed that values in first morning void (FMV) were better correlated with 24-h urinary albumin excretion (UAE), than the values in random urine sample (RUS). We conclude that the first morning void (FMV) may be able to replace 24-h urine collection, preferably urinary albumin concentration (UAC) in the initial screening of microalbuminuria in diabetic patients.  相似文献   

10.
The cholesterol of high density lipoprotein (HDL) and its sub-fractions HDL2, HDL3, and apoprotein concentrations were monitored in fifty seven male alcoholic subjects. Thirty five of them had normal liver enzymes and twenty two had abnormal liver enzymes. Subjects with abnormal liver enzymes had elevated cholesterol of high density lipoprotein and its sub-fractions and also Apo AI, AII concentrations in plasma, whereas in the group of patients with normal liver enzymes, the concentrations of lipids and apoproteins did not differ significantly from the control group. The quantitation of HDL cholesterol and its sub-fractions along with Apo AI and AII can be used as indicators to characterise the state of hepatic function.  相似文献   

11.
Serum and urine samples from 513 patients clinically suspected of monoclonal gammopathies over a period of five years (1992–97) were subjected to various immunological procedures viz, electrophoresis, immunoelectrophoresis and immunoglobulin estimations. Laboratory investigations confirmed gammopathies in 10.33%. It was observed that overall age of incidence for monoclonal gammopathies in both sexes was between 42–72 years with a male to female ratio of 1.4∶1. Predominant paraprotein detected was IgG type (75.47%) followed by IgA (16.98%) and Bence Jones proteins (7.55%). Amongst positive patients, 64.16% were having kappa (k) type light chains and 35.84% lambda (δ) type light chains. 69.39% patients with serum M component (IgG and IgA) had Bence Jones proteinuria. Densitometric scanning revealed that majority of IgG type paraprotein was found in the slow gamma globulin region and majority of IgA type paraprotein was found equally distributed between beta and fast gamma globulin regions. Both types had decreased albumin and alpha-2-globulin concentrations as compared to normal controls. Immunoglobulin levels in patients with paraprotein had very high levels of serum IgG (6467.0 mg%) and IgA (2714.0 mg%) in respective types of monoclonal gammopathies; the rest of immunoglobulin classes were either at normal or decreased levels.  相似文献   

12.
Coronary artery disease is a major cause of morbidity and has various risk factors. Lipid profile i.e. low HDL-cholesterol, high LDL cholesterol, high total cholesterol, high triglycerides playing important role in its causation. Recently interest has been shown in the oxidized fraction of LDL as one of the risk factors. In the present study 60 age and sex matched normal healthy individuals were taken as controls and 60 patients of CAD were taken. Cholesterol was measured by enzymatic method, HDL cholesterol by phosphotungstate precipitation method. Serum levels of LDL fraction of cholesterol was measured by a new and simpler method of precipitation. Result was expressed as mol/L of diene conjugates. It was observed that LDL cholesterol, VLDL cholesterol, total cholesterol, total cholesterol: HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol: HDL cholesterol were significantly raised and HDL cholesterol was significantly low in patients. (p<0.001). Though HDL cholesterol was significantly raised in females as compared to males in both the groups (p<0.001). Serum level of total cholesterol, oxidized LDL:HDL cholesterol were also raised significantly (p<0.05). The level of oxidized LDL showed an increasing trend in patients.  相似文献   

13.
Little is known of conditions which influence the stability of urinary enzymes upon storage in the bladder at 37°C. Using a continuous flow system simulatingin vivo conditions, we studied the influence of the pH of urine on the stability of two renal parenchymal enzymes N—Acetyl—β—D—Glucosaminidase (2—acetamido—2—deoxy—β—D—glucoside acetamidodeoxy glucohydrolase, NAG, EC 3.2.1.30) and L—Alanine aminopeptidase (Aminopeptidase N, AAP, EC 3.4.11.2). This continuous flow model that we have described can be employed to study the influence of pH on the stability of any renal enzyme excreted in urine. We also studied thein vitro effects of varying concentrations of low molecular weight regulatory metabolites such as urea, creatinine and uric acid and of some drugs excreted in urine, on the assay of these two enzymes. Urinary pH, urea content and some antibiotics seem to influence measured urinary NAG and AAP activities and we therefore express the need for caution before diagnostic interpretation of the urinary enzyme activities are made.  相似文献   

14.
Few studies have shown that calculation of protein/creatinine ratio in a spot urine sample correlates well with the 24-hour urine collection. A study was conducted to compare the accuracy of a spot urinary protein/creatinine ratio (P/C ratio) and urinary dipstick (albustix) with the 24-hour urine protein (24-HUP). Fifty samples from 26 patients were collected. This included a 24-hour urine sample followed by the next voided spot sample. The protein/creatinine ratio was calculated and dipstick (albustix) was performed on the spot sample. This was compared with the 24-hour urine protein excretion. The correlation between the three samples was statistically highly significant (p=<0.001) for all levels of proteinuria. The normal value of protein/creatinine ratio in Indian children was also estimated on 100 normal children attending the OPD and was calculated to be 0.053 (S.E of mean±0.003).  相似文献   

15.
In this study, differences in lipid levels amongst diabetics with and without complications were assessed to determine lipid disorders that are associated with diabetic complications other than cardiovascular diseases. A Cross sectional study design was employed. The study included 288 diabetics and 108 non diabetics with different types of complications such as hypertension, nephropathy, neuropathy, and retinopathy. The mean serum total cholesterol was higher in patients with complications compared to those without complications and the non-diabetic controls. The normotensive diabetic patients had the lowest total cholesterol among the diabetic patients’ groups (4.65 ± 0.17 mmol/l) compared to the diabetics with hypertension (6.051 ± 0.20 mmol/l), retinopathy (6.26 ± 0.29 mmol/l), neuropathy (5.80 ± 0.17 mmol/l) and nephropathy patients 5.74 ± 0.26 mmol/l (P < 0.05). The prevalence of dyslipidaemia among diabetic subjects was between 19.2 and 84.0%. The study shows that, in addition to macrovascular complications, dyslipidaemia is common in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with microvascular complications.  相似文献   

16.
Activities of human hepatic drug metabolizing enzymes N-acetyl transferase (NATS) had earlier been recognized as a cause of inter-individual variation in the metabolism of drugs. Therefore acetylation of many drugs in human exhibit genetic polymorphism. The aim of the study was to investigate if acetylator status predispose diabetic mellitus patients more to the complications of renal disease, One hundred and twenty (120) diabetics consisting of (50) Type 1 (T1) and 70 Type 2 (T2) diabetes mellitus patients and 100 healthy individuals as controls were classified as slow or rapid acetylator using sulphamethazine (SMZ) as an in vivo probe. The percentage acetylation, recovery of SMZ, creatinine clearance and presence of urinary albumin were determined. A significant difference (P < 0.05) was observed in the percentage of SMZ acetylated between slow and rapid acetylators in control, T1 and T2 subjects. The ratios of slow to rapid acetylators for T1, T2 and control subjects were 1:4, 3:2 and 2:3 respectively. No significant differences were observed in the percentage of SMZ recovered in the urine of slow and rapid acetylators that are diabetics. The difference in creatinine clearance of slow and rapid acetylators in T1 and T2 were significant (P < 0.05). 29% out of 120 (24.2%) diabetics (T1 and T2) exhibited albuminuria out of which 25 (86.2%) had slow acetylator status. These findings suggest that slow acetylator status in diabetes mellitus could be a predisposing factor in the development of renal complications. This underscores the need for a rapid pharmacogenetic testing and therapeutic drug monitoring in such patients. However this inference could be further validated with a larger sample size.  相似文献   

17.
This study deals with the effects of freeze dried rhizome powder of Curcuma longa (C. longa) dissolved in milk on normal as well as diabetic models. Diabetes of type II and type I was within 3 days of a single administration of doses of 45 and 65 mg kg−1 of streptozotocin respectively. Various parameters such as blood glucose levels, triglycerides, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein, very low density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, serum glutamic pyruvate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, creatinine, hemoglobin, urine protein and urine sugar in addition to body weight were taken in to consideration and were analyzed after administration of variable doses of rhizome powder. The dose of 200 mg kg−1 was identified as the most effective dose as it increased HDL, Hb and bw (P<0.05) with significant decrease in the levels of blood glucose, lipid profile and hepatoprotective enzymes (P<0.001).  相似文献   

18.
P-selectin, a cell adhesion molecule is elevated in many inflammatory conditions including preeclampsia which is characterized by generalized endothelial dysfunction and vasoconstriction presumably due to free radicals or mediators released by defective placentation. Vitamin E has been documented to protect cell membranes from oxidative damage and also decrease platelet aggregation. The role of vitamin E in pre-eclampsia is contradictory and hence the study was undertaken. Soluble P-selectin was measured by ELISA and Vitamin-E levels in plasma was estimated spectrofluorometrically. In our study the effect of supplementation of 400 IU/day of Vitamin E (a-tocopheryl acetate) to patients of pre-eclampsia showed significant decreased levels of soluble P-selectin by 2nd week as compared to patients given placebo (P = 0.005). In this short period of study no direct correlations were observed between Vitamin E or P-selectin levels with blood pressure as well as with proteinuria. Future studies may focus on the effect of a-tocopheryl acetate or the phosphate form of Vitamin-E, recently proposed to be the more active form on other inflammatory markers like IL-6, an important stimuli of P-selectin release in pre-eclampsia.  相似文献   

19.
The EGF-R, also known as HER-1 or erbB-1 (EGF-R/HER-1/erbB-1), is a member of the human epithelial receptor tyrosine kinase family. sEGF-R is considered to play a role in cardiac (patho)physiology. We aimed to investigate whether soluble EGF-R is increased in congestive heart failure (CHF) patients and if related to disease severity. Soluble EGF-R, vitamin D, parathyroid hormone (PTH) was studied, and being evaluated in relation to Ca2+, lipids, hsCRP, fibrinogen, serotonin, norepinepherine (NE). The study compared non-smoker, non-obese male CHF patients (n = 50) with age and gender-matched essential hypertension (HTN) patients (n = 20). Moreover, comparison with healthy control volunteers (n = 20) were employed. EGF-R/HER-1/erbB-1 was higher (P = 0.013) in 50 CHF male patients mean 12 ± 0.7 fmol/ml, than in 20 HTN, 9.25 ± 0.6 fmol/ml or in 20 controls, 6.25 ± 1 fmol/ml. Serum EGF-R levels correlated positively with hsCRP and NE, and were highest among CVD patients (n = 70) as well as negatively with vitamin D and HDL-C. EGF-R/HER-1/erbB-1 levels are increased in HTN and more in CHF patients. This study confirms a strong association between catecholamines as well as EGF-R/HER-1/erbB-1 levels with PTH and low vitamin D levels, being related to hyperlipidemia and inflammation (hsCRP and fibrinogen) in CVD. Moreover, contributing to the complex process of the inflammatory component of atherosclerosis in hypertensive patients that leads eventually to CHF.  相似文献   

20.
Background  Pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) contributes to 15.6% maternal mortality in India. In Behrampur, Orissa, maternal deaths due to PIH was 32%, which is twice the national incidence. Hence in this population, some factors associated with severity of PIH were studied. Serum lipid concentrations and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were correlated with severity of PIH and birth weight of the neonate. Patients & Methods  70 primiparous PIH patients and 20 healthy controls were studied. Serum lipids and MDA were estimated. Maternal blood pressures and birth weights of the neonate were recorded. Results and Conclusion  Serum cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, VLDL and MDA were significantly elevated in primiparous PIH patients when compared to control subjects. Average birth weight of babies born to mothers with PIH was less than those born to control subjects. The most significant factor was that in this geographical area, 26% of the primiparous patients with PIH were below 20 years of age while only 15% of the controls were less than 20 years, indicating that younger maternal age was a contributing factor to PIH.  相似文献   

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