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1.
Objective: To study the relationships among magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), histological findings, and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) in steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head in rabbits. Methods: Thirty rabbits were randomly divided into experimental Group A (n=15) and control Group B (n=15). The 7.5 mg/kg (2 ml) ofdexamethasone (DEX)and physiological saline (2 ml) were injected into the fight gluteus medius muscle twice at one-week intervals in animals of Groups A and B, respectively. At 4, 8 and 16 weeks after obtaining an MRI, the rabbits were sacrificed and the femoral head from one side was removed for histological study of lacunae empty of osteocytes, subchondral vessels, and size of fat cells under microscopy, and the femoral head from the other side was removed for enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay (ELISA) for IGF-I.Results: At 4, 8 and 16 weeks after treatment, no necrotic lesions were detected in Group B, while they were detected in Group A.Light microscopy revealed that the fat cells of the marrow cavity were enlarged, subchondral vessels were evidently decreased,and empty bone lacunae were clearly increased. The IGF-I levels in Group A were significantly higher than those in Group B. At 8 weeks after the DEX injection, the MRI of all 20 femora showed an inhomogeneous, low signal intensity area in the femoral head,and at 16 weeks, the findings of all 10 femora showed a specific "line-like sign". The MRI findings of all femora in Group B were normal. Conclusion: MRI is a highly sensitive means of diagnosing early experimental osteonecrosis of the femoral head. However, the abnormal marrow tissues appeared later than 4 weeks when the expression of IGF-I increased. This reparative factor has an early and important role in response to steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head, and provides a theoretical foundation for understanding the pathology and designing new therapies.  相似文献   

2.
目的:研究复方金银花和茵陈五苓两种注射液对内毒素所致家兔肾衰中肾脏组织结构的保护作用。方法:将重量2.5±0.25kg的健康雄性家兔32只,随机分为对照组、模型组、复方金银花组和茵陈五苓组,每组8只。模型组、复方金银花组、茵陈五苓组家兔一次性静脉注射大肠杆菌O111B4内毒素生理盐水,剂量为100ug/kg。两保护组家兔注射内毒素24h后静脉注射剂量为100ug/kg的中药注射液。模型组家兔静脉注射同容积的生理盐水。对照组家兔静脉注射与内毒素溶液和中药注射剂等体积的生理盐水。静脉注射内毒素及生理盐水后第7h处死。取肾组织标本,Bouns液固定,石蜡切片,HE染色,显微观察并摄影。结果:模型组肾脏肾小体血管球肿胀,有血栓形成,肾小囊壁层内皮细胞脱落,肾小囊腔变小,肾小管内皮细胞脱落。复方金银花组、茵陈五苓组肾脏的肾小体血管球略有肿胀,肾小囊的内皮细胞较完整,肾小囊腔较对照组稍变小。结论:复方金银花与茵陈五苓对家兔因内毒素所致肾衰中肾脏组织结构有确实的保护作用。  相似文献   

3.
Chlorella vulgaris (CV) has been reported to have antioxidant and anticancer properties. We evaluated the effect of CV on apoptotic regulator protein expression in liver cancer-induced rats. Male Wistar rats (200-250 g) were divided into eight groups: control group (normal diet), CDE group (choline deficient diet supplemented with ethionine in drinking water to induce hepatocarcinogenesis), CV groups with three different doses of CV (50, 150, and 300 mg/kg body weight), and CDE groups treated with different doses of CV (50, 150, and 300 mg/kg body weight). Rats were sacrificed at various weeks and liver tissues were embedded in paraffin blocks for immunohistochemistry studies. CV, at increasing doses, decreased the expression of anti-apoptotic protein, Bcl-2, but increased the expression of pro-apoptotic protein, caspase 8, in CDE rats, which was correlated with decreased hepatoctyes proliferation and increased apoptosis as determined by bromodeoxy-uridine (BrdU) labeling and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay, respectively. Our study shows that CV has definite chemopreventive effect by inducing apoptosis via decreasing the expression of Bcl-2 and increasing the expression of caspase 8 in hepatocarcinogenesis-induced rats.  相似文献   

4.
观察茯苓水煎醇沉液对兔的利尿作用。取雄性家兔24只随机均分Ⅳ组,兔称重全身麻醉后固定于手术台上,沿尿道口将导尿管插入膀胱内收集尿液,连续记录1h内排尿量。Ⅰ～Ⅳ组分别按0g/kg、0.5g/kg、1.5g/kg、2.5g/kg剂量耳缘静脉注射茯苓水煎醇沉液。结果:静注茯苓水煎醇沉液1.5g/kg、2.5g/kg剂量组利尿作用明显(P0.01),其中2.5g/kg剂量组在给药10min内尿量出现高峰。表明茯苓对兔具有明显的利尿作用,并且存在一定程度的正向量效关系。  相似文献   

5.
Objective: To determine whether spinal cord decompression plays a role in neural cell apoptosis after spinal cord injury. Study design: We used an animal model of compressive spinal cord injury with incomplete paraparesis to evaluate neural cell apoptosis after decompression. Apoptosis and cellular damage were assessed by staining with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labelling (TUNEL) and immunostaining for caspase-3, Bcl-2 and Bax. Methods: Experiments were conducted in male Spragne-Dawley rats (n=78) weighing 300-400 g. The spinal cord was compressed posteriorly at T10 level using a custom-made screw for 6 h, 24 h or continuously, followed by decompression by removal of the screw. The rats were sacrificed on Day 1 or 3 or in Week 1 or 4 post-decompression. The spinal cord was removed en bloc and examined at lesion site, rostral site and caudal site (7.5 mm away from the lesion). Results: The numbers of TUNEL-positive cells were significantly lower at the site of decompression on Day l, and also at the rostral and caudal sites between Day 3 and Week 4 post-decompression, compared with the persistently compressed group. The numbers of cells between Day 1 and Week 4 were immunoreactive to caspase-3 and B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2)-associated X-protein (Bax), but not to Bcl-2, correlated with those of TUNEL-positive cells. Conclusion: Our results suggest that decompression reduces neural cell apoptosis following spinal cord injury.  相似文献   

6.
Chlorella vulgaris (CV) has been reported to have antioxidant and anticancer properties. We evaluated the effect of CV on apoptotic regulator protein expression in liver cancer-induced rats. Male Wistar rats (200∼250 g) were divided into eight groups: control group (normal diet), CDE group (choline deficient diet supplemented with ethionine in drinking water to induce hepatocarcinogenesis), CV groups with three different doses of CV (50, 150, and 300 mg/kg body weight), and CDE groups treated with different doses of CV (50, 150, and 300 mg/kg body weight). Rats were sacrificed at various weeks and liver tissues were embedded in paraffin blocks for immunohistochemistry studies. CV, at increasing doses, decreased the expression of anti-apoptotic protein, Bcl-2, but increased the expression of pro-apoptotic protein, caspase 8, in CDE rats, which was correlated with decreased hepatoctyes proliferation and increased apoptosis as determined by bromodeoxy-uridine (BrdU) labeling and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay, respectively. Our study shows that CV has definite chemopreventive effect by inducing apoptosis via decreasing the expression of Bcl-2 and increasing the expression of caspase 8 in hepatocarcinogenesis-induced rats. Project supported by Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, UKM Medical Center, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, and the Malaysian Ministry of Science and Technological Innovation (MOSTI)  相似文献   

7.
探讨PFOS对雄性小鼠睾丸细胞凋亡以及相关基因表达的影响。40只雄性昆明系小鼠随机分成PFOS 0、1.25、2.5、5.0和10.0 mg/kg,共5组,通过饮水方法染毒35天。处死小鼠,取睾丸,流式细胞仪观察细胞凋亡RT-PCR观察Bax和Bcl-2基因表达。细胞凋亡率随着PFOS的浓度增加而增加,各剂量组与对照组比较均有显著性差异;10mg/kg/d PFOS实验组小鼠睾丸组织中Bax基因表达与对照组比较显著上升(p<0.05),其他剂量组变化与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(p>0.05)。随着染毒剂量的增加,Bcl-2基因表达下降,5.0、10.0 mg/kg/d PFOS实验组与对照组相比差异有统计学意义(分别为p<0.05,p<0.01)PFOS能够引起睾丸细胞凋亡增加,Bax和Bcl基因表达改变可能是其机制之一。  相似文献   

8.
目的探讨丹参注射液抗肝纤维化作用机理.方法取40只成年wistar大鼠,利用猪血清腹腔注射法,连续6周,复制免疫性肝纤维化模型.治疗组采用大、小剂量丹参液肌肉注射,其剂量分别为0.3ml/kg和0.15ml/kg,每日一次,连续4周.取肝脏切片,HE和Mollory染色,光镜下观察.检测血清SOD活性、MDA含量和肝功能.结果大剂量治疗组肝细胞空泡减少,胶原纤维大部分消失,SOD活性增高,MDA含量降低,与模型组比较有显著性差异(P＜0.05).结论大剂量肌注丹参液,具有治疗肝纤维化的功能.  相似文献   

9.
INTRODUCTION Pulmonary hypertension is not rare in humanwith some heart and lung diseases. Chronic pul-monary hypertension leads to structural alterationsof the lung vessels. The pathophysiology of thisremodeling process is still poorly understood.Furthermore, the structural damage of the lungvessels limits the clinical success of vasodilatortreatment. Assuming genetic susceptibility, shearstress and inflammation are the principal pathoge-netic factors involved in lung vessel remode…  相似文献   

10.
Objective  The aim of this study was to test the protective effect of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on cardiomyocytes in vitro and to investigate the anti-apoptotic signaling pathway. Methods  MSCs from Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were separated and cultured. MSC medium was collected from MSCs cultured in serum-free Dulbecco’s modified eagle medium (DMEM) under hypoxia. Cultured cardiomyocytes from neonatal SD rats were exposed to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) and treated with MSC medium. The apoptotic cardiomyocytes were stained with Annexin-V-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), Hoechst 33342 and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL). The mitochondrial transmembrane potential of cardiomyocytes was assessed using a fluorescence microscope. The expression of Bcl-2, Bax, cytochrome C, apoptosis-induced factor (AIF), and caspase-3 was tested by Western blot analysis. Results  Our data demonstrated that MSC medium reduced H/R-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis, increased the Bcl-2/Bax ratio, and reduced the release of cytochrome C and AIF from mitochondria into the cytosol. Conclusion  MSCs protected the cardiomyocytes from H/R-induced apoptosis through a mitochondrial pathway in a paracrine manner. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30670868) and the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province, China (No. R206007)  相似文献   

11.
目的：观察戊四氮（PTZ）致痫大鼠海马神经元caspase-3表达以及中药复方AAP的脑保护作用.方法：144只健康成年雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为对照组（CK组）、模型组（PTZ组）、中药大剂量组（AAPl组）、中药中剂量组（AAPm组）、中药小剂量组（AAPs组）和丙戊酸钠组（VPA组）;每组各6只.CK组和PTZ组分别给予生理盐水（4mL/kg.d）灌胃;中药各组分别给予中药复方大、中、小剂量（10.26g/kg、5.13g/kg、2.56g/kg）灌胃,每天1次;VPA组腹腔注射VPA（20mg/kg.d）.造模第一天,除CK组外,其余各组大鼠均腹腔注射戊四氮（PTZ）75mg/kg,观察记录大鼠行为学变化;于致痫后12h、2d、5d、7d相应时间点取材,制备脑标本;免疫组化检测caspase-3表达.结果：致痫后,除CK组外,其余各组海马区caspase-3阳性表达增强;7天,与PTZ组相比,AAPl组、AAPm组和AAPs组海马CA3区caspase-3阳性表达减弱（P〈0.05）.结论：caspase-3参与致痫大鼠海马神经元凋亡过程;AAP能降低caspase-3表达,减少神经元凋亡,有神经保护作用.  相似文献   

12.
INTRODUCTION Congestive heart failure is the end stage of manycardiovascular diseases. Myocardial infarction (MI)is a life-threatening event that may cause suddencardiac death and heart failure. Despite considerableadvances in diagnosis and treatment of heart disease,cardiac dysfunction after MI is still the majorworldwide cardiovascular disorder. Damaged myo-cardium after acute MI is gradually replaced by fi-brotic noncontractile cells to form scar tissue. Thedeveloping ventricul…  相似文献   

13.
目的:探讨人参皂苷Rg1对高血糖所致心肌损害的保护作用及其机制。创新点:使用糖尿病大鼠为实验对象,探讨三种浓度的人参皂苷Rg1对糖尿病心肌损伤的保护作用及其机制,检测其是否具有浓度依赖性。方法:将60只Wistar大鼠随机分组,其中空白对照组10只,另50只给予高脂高糖饲养,4周后腹腔注射40 mg/kg链脲佐菌素(STZ)。成功制备糖尿病大鼠模型40只,再随机分为糖尿病模型组,糖尿病大鼠+低剂量人参皂苷Rg1(10 mg/(kg·d)),糖尿病大鼠+中剂量人参皂苷Rg1(15 mg/(kg·d)),糖尿病大鼠+高剂量人参皂苷Rg1(20 mg/(kg·d))。12周后处死大鼠,取血测定空腹血糖、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、心肌酶及氧化应激水平,留取心肌组织使用透射电镜观察心肌细胞超微结构改变,应用TUNEL法检测心肌细胞凋亡,免疫组化检测细胞凋亡相关蛋白半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶3(CASP3)和Bcl-x L的表达。结论:人参皂苷Rg1对糖尿病大鼠糖脂代谢无明显影响,人参皂苷Rg1可降低糖尿病大鼠血清肌钙蛋白(c Tn I)和肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)水平,改善心肌细胞超微结构,减少心肌细胞凋亡,降低大鼠血清和心肌组织中丙二醛(MDA)含量,提高超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH)水平,降低凋亡蛋白CASP3的表达,同时提高Bcl-x L蛋白表达。总之,人参皂苷Rg1能显著保护糖尿病大鼠心肌损伤,其机制可能与其抗氧化及抗细胞凋亡作用有关。  相似文献   

14.
选用32只中国本兔进行敌杀死急性中毒试验,36只兔随机分成4组,每组8只,分别灌服104、130、162和203 mg/kg体重的敌杀死,用简化寇氏法求出家兔敌杀死的半数致死量(LD50)为133.6 mg/kg体重.  相似文献   

15.
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16.
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17.
INTRODUCTION Hemorrhagic shock is a common clinic emer- gency case. Successful treatment includes surgical control of hemorrhage and restoration of tissue per- fusion. Current guidelines for presurgical treatment of patients with hemorrhagic shock recommend rapid volume resuscitation to normal blood pressure as quickly as possible. The practice is controversial because aggressive restoration of intravascular vol- ume and rapid increasing of blood pressure before securing hemostasis may ex…  相似文献   

18.
Objective: To investigate the evolution of pulmonary hypertension, the pathological changes of pulmonaryarteries, and the expression of VEGFmRNA and eNOSmRNA of pulmonary arterial endothelial cells in immature rabbitstreated with intratracheal bleomycin (BLM). Methods: Immature rabbits were divided into control and BLM group. Twoand four weeks after intratracheal normal saline or BLM injection, the systolic, diastolic and mean pulmonary arterypressure (PASP, PADP, MPAP) were measured by micro-catheter; the pathological changes and the expression ofVEGFmRNA and eNOSmRNA of endothelial cells in pulmonary arteries were evaluated by HE and in situ hybridization.Results: Two and four weeks after intratracheal injection of BLM, the PASP, PADP and MPAP increased 53%, 49%, 52%in 2 weeks, and 43%, 89%, 56% in 4 weeks; the wall thickness increased and the cavity in middle and small pulmonaryarteries became narrow; the Thickness Index (TI) and Area Index (AI) increased 25%, 14% in 2 weeks, and 22%, 24% in 4weeks; the level of VEGFmRNA and eNOSmRNA expression decreased 46%, 43% in 2 weeks, and 43%, 51% in 4 weeks.There was no significant difference between 2 weeks and 4 weeks BLM groups. Conclusion: The pulmonary artery pressurewas elevated, the thickness of wall increased and the cavity became narrow in middle and small pulmonary arteries, and thelevel of VEGFmRNA and eNOSmRNA expression in pulmonary arterial endothelial cells decreased in immature rabbitsafter 2 weeks and 4 weeks of intratracheal 4 U/kg BLM injection.  相似文献   

19.
Objective: To observe the effects of three fluid resuscitation methods on apoptosis of visceral organs in rats with hemorrhagic shock. Methods: A model of rat with severe hemorrhagic shock and active bleeding was established in 32 SD (Sprague-Dawley) rats. The rats were randomly divided into control group, no fluid resuscitation group (NF group), controlled fluid resuscitation group (NS40 group) and rapid large scale fluid resuscitation group (NS80 group). Each group contained 8 rats. The curative effects were compared. At the same time, the apoptosis in liver, kidney, lung and small intestinal mucosa of survivors after hemorrhage and resuscitation was detected by light microscopy in HE (hematoxylin and eosin) stained tissue sections, flow cytometry and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL). Results: The survival rate of early fluid resuscitation (14/16) was markedly higher than that of NF group (3/8). There was some apoptosis in liver, kidney, lung and small intestinal mucosa of all survivors. Compared with NF and NS40 groups, the apoptosis of liver, kidney and small intestinal mucosa of NS80 group was obviously increased. Conclusions: Among three fluid resuscitation methods, controlled fluid resuscitation can obviously improve the early survival rate and the apoptosis of liver, kidney and small intestinal mucosa in rats with severe and uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock, and may benefit improvement of prognosis.  相似文献   

20.

Background

Nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), and potassium (K) are critical nutrient elements necessary for crop plant growth and development. However, excessive inputs will lead to inefficient usage and cause excessive nutrient losses in the field environment, and also adversely affect the soil, water and air quality, human health, and biodiversity.

Methods

Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of controlled-release fertilizer (CRF) on seed yield, plant growth, nutrient uptake, and fertilizer usage efficiency for early ripening rapeseed (Xiangzayou 1613) in the red-yellow soil of southern China during 2011–2013. It was grown using a soluble fertilizer (SF) and the same amounts of CRF, such as SF1/CRF1 (3750 kg/hm2), SF2/CRF2 (3000 kg/hm2), SF3/CRF3 (2250 kg/hm2), SF4/CRF4 (1500 kg/hm2), SF5/CRF5 (750 kg/hm2), and also using no fertilizer (CK).

Results

CRF gave higher seed yields than SF in both seasons by 14.51%. CRF4 and SF3 in each group achieved maximum seed yield (2066.97 and 1844.50 kg/hm2, respectively), followed by CRF3 (1929.97 kg/hm2) and SF4 (1839.40 kg/hm2). There were no significant differences in seed yield among CK, SF1, and CRF1 (P>0.05). CRF4 had the highest profit (7126.4 CNY/hm2) and showed an increase of 12.37% in seed yield, and it decreased by 11.01% in unit fertilizer rate compared with SF4. The branch number, pod number, and dry matter weight compared with SF increased significantly under the fertilization of CRF (P<0.05). The pod number per plant was the major contributor to seed yield. On the other hand, the N, P, and K uptakes increased at first and then decreased with increasing the fertilizer rate at maturity, and the N, P, and K usage efficiency decreased with increasing the fertilizer rate. The N, P, and K uptakes and usage efficiencies of the CRF were significantly higher than those of SF (P<0.05). The N accumulation and N usage efficiency of CRF increased by an average of 13.66% and 9.74 percentage points, respectively, compared to SF. In conclusion, CRF significantly promoted the growth of rapeseed with using total N as the base fertilizer, by providing sufficient N in the later growth stages, and last by reducing the residual N in the soil and increasing the N accumulation and N usage efficiency.
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