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Abstract One important factor for effective operations in team sports is the team tactical behaviour. Many suggestions about appropriate players' positions in different attack or defence situations have been made. The aims of this study were to develop a classification of offensive and defensive behaviours and to identify team-specific tactical patterns in international women's volleyball. Both the classification and identification of tactical patterns is done by means of a hierarchical cluster analysis. Clusters are formed on the basis of similarities in the players' positions on the court. Time continuous data of the movements, including the start and end points during a pass from the setter, are analysed. Results show team-specific patterns of defensive moves with assessment rates of up to 80%. Furthermore, the recognition of match situations illustrates a clear classification of attack and defence situations and even within different defence conditions (≈100%). Thus, this approach to team tactical analysis yields classifications of selected offensive and defensive strategies as well as an identification of tactical patterns of different national teams in standardized situations. The results lead us to question training concepts that assume a team-independent optimal strategy with respect to the players' positions in team sports. 相似文献
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While tactical performance in competition has been analysed extensively, the assessment of training processes of tactical behaviour has rather been neglected in the literature. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to provide a methodology to assess the acquisition and implementation of offensive tactical behaviour in team handball. The use of game analysis software combined with an artificial neural network (ANN) software enabled identifying tactical target patterns from high level junior players based on their positions during offensive actions. These patterns were then trained by an amateur junior handball team (n = 14, 17 (0.5) years)). Following 6 weeks of tactical training an exhibition game was performed where the players were advised to use the target patterns as often as possible. Subsequently, the position data of the game was analysed with an ANN. The test revealed that 58% of the played patterns could be related to the trained target patterns. The similarity between executed patterns and target patterns was assessed by calculating the mean distance between key positions of the players in the game and the target pattern which was 0.49 (0.20) m. In summary, the presented method appears to be a valid instrument to assess tactical training. 相似文献
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现代足球战术运用特征探讨 总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15
通过文献资料研究及对近两届世界杯比赛的观察、分析,探讨了现代足球运动战术运用的基本特征(即整体性、职责的扩大与交叉、攻守平衡等),并从理论上进行了分析,以达到完善对足球战术运用的认识和理解之目的。同时,对足球进攻战术运用的基本形式进行了定量化描述,提出了今后战术运用的发展方向。 相似文献
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目的探究赛会制规则下中超联赛参赛球队攻防综合实力,并对队伍实力分布进行合理的档位划分,为评价赛会制下中超球队技战术水平提供参考。方法采用文献资料法、TOPSIS法、秩和比法和数理统计法对2020赛季中超联赛参赛队伍攻防技术指标表现进行分析。结果1)在进攻方面北京国安、广州恒大的进攻>0.6978,进攻实力较强。在防守方面上海上港、江苏苏宁的防守>0.6121,防守实力较强。2)在进攻指标上,进球数、控球率、关键传球、禁区内进球4项指标在不同档次球队间存在显著性差异(p<0.05)。在防守指标上,抢断、失球2项指标在不同档次球队间存在显著性差异(p<0.05)。3)根据攻防RSR值可将16支球队分为5个档次。江苏苏宁、广州恒大、北京国安、上海上港攻防RSR>0.7273,属于A档球队;天津泰达、青岛黄海攻防RSR<0.2906,属于E档球队。结论中超联赛强队与弱队在进攻指标上具有显著性差异,在部分防守指标上差异不明显。特殊赛制对本赛季中超参赛队伍排名产生一定影响。 相似文献
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Hugo Sarmento Paul Bradley M. Teresa Anguera Tiago Polido Rui Resende Jorge Campaniço 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(7):621-629
The aim of this study was to quantify the type of offensive sequences that result in goals in elite futsal. Thirty competitive games in the Spanish Primera Division de Sala were analysed using computerised notation analysis for patterns of play that resulted in goals. More goals were scored in positional attack (42%) and from set pieces (27%) compared to other activities. The number of defence to offense “transitions” (n = 45) and the start of offensive plays due to the rules of the game (n = 45) were the most common type of sequences that resulted in goals compared to other patterns of play. The central offensive zonal areas were the most common for shots on goal, with 73% of all goals scored from these areas of the pitch compared to defensive and wide zones. The foot was the main part of the body involved in scoring (n = 114). T-pattern analysis of offensive sequences revealed regular patterns of play, which are common in goal scoring opportunities in futsal and are typical movement patterns in this sport. The data demonstrate common offensive sequences and movement patterns related to goals in elite futsal and this could provide important information for the development of physical and technical training drills that replicate important game situations. 相似文献
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足球运动员攻防站位与跑位意识的培养手段 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
何家统 《上海体育学院学报》1992,(4)
在足球比赛中,要想出其不意地突破对手的防线,同时确保自己的大门不被攻破,不仅需要运动员具备良好的体能,攻防时站位与跑位的意识如何,将直接影响其攻防技战术实施的效果。本文从4方面论述了足球运动员攻防站位与跑位意识的培养手段。 相似文献
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培养中国冰球队对不同战术体系的掌握与形成是提高我国冰球运动水平的重要手段。通过对本届世锦赛发现各队所运用了战术体系及先进的战术打法的分析,发现中国冰球队在战术运用及打法上存在明显的差距与不足。中国队的球员善于按着＂纸上谈兵＂的方式实施战术,在比赛中始终贯彻执行单一的2-1-2战术体系,缺乏临场战术的发挥创造力和想象力。现代冰球进攻、防守战术的特点和变化,灵活多变的不同战术体系引领了当今冰球运动的发展趋势,中国冰球队只有适应现代冰球进攻、防守战术的特点和变化特点,构建自己灵活多变的战术体系,才能在国际比赛中获得立足之地。 相似文献
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通过对第18届世界杯足球赛决赛阶段亚洲四队阵型特征、进攻战术特征、防守战术特征的分析，得出亚洲四队阵型不稳定且落后于世界足球强国，进攻手段单一，防守还存在着明显漏洞，定位球战术运用不够合理。 相似文献
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文章运用文献资料法、数理统计法,对第三届武术散打世界杯中外运动员的得分以及战术行动数据统计进行了分析研究。结果表明:中国队三项主要进攻技术对比赛结果的贡献的大小依次为:腿法、摔法、拳法。国外运动员为:腿法、拳法、摔法。腿法得分与比赛总分关联度最大,对比赛结果起到决定性作用。7种战术行动的运用特点和效果比较发现:进攻后防守反击,进攻后防守,防守反击和防守运用最多,直接运用反击后防守,进攻和防守相对较少。中外运动员在平均每局战术运用次数上差异不大,但在成功率上有显著性的差异。 相似文献
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我国女子冰球战术训练应注意的几个问题 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
冰球战术训练的目的是使运动员建立积极的比赛战术意识,在比赛中能够积极滑跑、策应,主动制造突破、射门机会少,高水平的战术训练对提高在女子冰球队的整体战术素养与水平具有重要的道作用。提出在战术训练中应遵循先进攻、后防守、先个人战术、后集体战术和队战术的这一重要原则,在不同时期和阶段,战术训练的内容和比例应进行区别的对待,合理运用战术训练的原则;把握战术训练的形式和方法,注重战术训练结构的合理性,建立适合自身特点的防守战术体系。 相似文献
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《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(6):622-629
AbstractThe purpose of this study was to assess the appropriateness of offensive tactical decision-making of Arab basketball players, and to determine if there are differences in the appropriateness of offensive tactical decision-making within the various disability classifications of Arab basketball players. A twenty-question survey was formulated to assess decision-making in offensive tactical situations in wheelchair basketball players. Participants in the present study were 108 athletes from 10 Arab national teams participating in wheelchair basketball. The mean offensive tactical thinking level of wheelchair basketball players in the 20 different situations in the Arab countries ranged between 1.38–2.84, and the standard deviations for these 20 means ranged from 0.41 to 0.90. The total mean of all tactical situations was 2.33, which is moderate thinking level. The influence of the disability classification on the offensive tactical thinking of wheelchair basketball players was addressed by examining the data via a one-way ANOVA. The ANOVA revealed no significant differences among disability classifications/categories in tactical thinking (F(3, 104)=1.12, p=0.34). This study represents the first attempt to identify why Arab nations have not consistently qualified for the Paralympics or World Championships. These findings indicate that the moderate offensive tactical thinking level of wheelchair basketball players on Arab national teams may be part of the reason that performances of these teams have not been as strong as they would like. 相似文献
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A landmark-based statistical method, morphological variation analysis, for the quantification of the repeatability in the arrangement of body segments during the execution of sport actions has recently been developed. A two-dimensional shape is produced and its morphology is studied. The method was used to measure the within-team variability of the relative positions of players during the execution of offensive schemes in soccer. Two junior soccer teams of different technical abilities (semi-professional vs. amateur), each playing two standardized offensive schemes of different difficulty (easier: throw-in; more difficult: wing attack) were filmed. Each scheme was repeated 25 (semi-professionals) or 10 (amateurs) times. For each repetition, the position of the players in a single significant frame was analysed using morphological variation analysis. The reproducibility of both schemes was higher among the semi-professionals than among the amateurs (two-way analysis of variance, P<0.005). The repeatability of the players' relative positions was related to the difficulty of the scheme and the technical level of the team. Among the amateurs, the throw-in was more reproducible than the wing attack (Student's t-test, P<0.005). The method not only allows the quantification of collective (team) coordination, but also the separation of the influence of individual players. 相似文献
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短角球是曲棍球比赛中最有效的得分手段,它具有破门速度短、配合方式灵活、防守难度大等特点,一个球队短角球成功率的高低是该队能否取得胜利的重要因素;很多大赛、重要比赛的结果也是由短角球的成功率来决定的,因此各国球队都将其作为研究的重点。通过对中国队在重大比赛中短角球战术的技术统计,比较在相同赛事中中国女曲与其他参赛队之间短角球的进攻和防守,中国女曲在各大赛中短角球的进攻和防守做出比较分析,揭示短角球战术在中国女曲中的重要性,找出中国女曲与世界强队之间在短角球战术上的差距和不足,并试图揭示中国女曲短角球成功率与比赛结果间的关系。最后针对分析结果,对中国女曲提出意见和建议。 相似文献
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第12届欧洲杯足球赛进攻战术运用的探讨 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过对第12届欧洲杯足球赛各相关技术数据进行统计分析,并对比第11届欧洲杯足球赛及第17届世界杯足球赛的有关资料统计,探讨现代足球比赛中进攻战术运用的基本特征。结果表明:本届杯赛以整体攻防、快速攻防为主要特征,进攻的效率决定比赛的胜负;边路进攻、定位球战术突显威力,特别是角球战术倍受重视,反映了未来足球进攻战术发展的趋势。 相似文献
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张玉红 《体育科技文献通报》2011,19(11):40-42
运用录像观察等方法,对中国女排在16届世锦赛上5负场即与土耳其、韩国、塞尔维亚、俄罗斯、波兰的攻防能力、非技术指标情况进行了统计分析。结果表明：非技术指标方面,中国女排除年龄相对较小外,身体形态、网上高度均有优势;攻防能力方面,中国女排发球攻击性、稳定性不够,一传总体到位率偏低,有效拦网也没有因为身高优势而展现,防守起球效果相对较差,一攻进攻中,中国女排快攻效果较理想,但前排强攻和后攻得分率,弱于对手,反攻中,前排强攻是主要得分手段,但实力远落后与交手队。 相似文献
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文章通过对第十届全国运动会男子散打决赛运动员战术对比分析,通过本文研究发现：第一,在探讨散打战术行动理论和实战运用现状的基础上,确定了散打7种重组战术行动的内容。第二,应区别对待散打比赛中的战术运用,具体情况具体分析,对于不同的对手战术运用要有针对性;以战胜对手为目的,控制好自身的体力,并确保取得主动权,在比赛中全力以赴,力争取得好成绩。第三,有4种战术行动方案（进攻后防守反击、进攻后防守、防守反击防守和防守反击）运用最多,直接运用反击后防守,进攻和防守相对较少。文章针对研究结果提出了相应的建议,以推动武术散打运动的开展。 相似文献
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为探析中国男子国家足球队在第17届亚洲杯足球比赛中的表现,以其在本届亚洲杯上的全部5场比赛为研究对象,通过文献资料调研、视频观察和数理统计等方法对中国队比赛中的技战术、心理和体能等方面表现进行分析。结果:1)技术能力方面,中国队在向前越过对手和防线的渗透性传球、接球转身、第1次触球、射门以及攻击性防守等关键技术应用方面与韩国、伊朗等强队存在明显差距。2)战术能力方面,中国队战术素养和中路进攻能力以及在攻防转换能力方面亟待提高。3)心理与身体能力方面,中国队在国际大赛中缺乏稳定的心理表现,注意力转换和抗应激能力亟需加强;与强队相比中国队在足球专项速度、预判和决策速度以及高速奔跑中身体对抗方面处于劣势。 相似文献
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随着现代拳击的高速发展,对拳击运动员的技术能力要求越来越高,为了更加的完善比赛选手技战术水平,熟练掌握正反架是十分必要的.本文通过录像分析法、文献资料法、逻辑分析法等研究方法,对2012年伦敦奥运会拳击冠军邹市明比赛中正反架灵活转换时进攻、防守、游击、反击、迎击技战术实效性进行统计分析.研究表明在比赛中在进攻端,灵活的转换正反架能更好地取得进攻的先机,出其不意攻其无备;在防守端,更加灵活脚下的步法,第一时间做好撤步、躲避对方进攻;正反架灵活转换能迷惑对手乘机找到空隙,更有效地进行防守反击和迎击得分.因此拳击运动员熟练掌握和灵活转换正反架丰富比赛技战术运用多样化值得广大教练员思考与借鉴. 相似文献