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黄超君 《南昌教育学院学报》2012,27(3):124+136
在《科学》实验教学中,只有不断进行"提出问题——猜想假设——设计实验——实验探究——得出结论——反思评价"这一过程,才能更好地激发出学生的创新意识,发展学生的创新思维,培养学生的创新能力,达到培养创造人才的目的。 相似文献
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A framework for teaching scientific inquiry in upper secondary chemistry education was constructed in a design research consisting of two research cycles. First, in a pilot study a hypothetical framework was enriched in collaboration with five chemistry teachers. Second, a main study in this community of teachers and researchers was conducted on the process of designing teaching scientific inquiry based on the enriched framework. Also, the enactment by five teachers and 80 students (age 17) of a designed inquiry module on “Diffusion: moving particles” was studied. This resulted in a theoretically and practically founded framework for teaching scientific inquiry, in which an iterative cycle of inquiry for students and a student inquiry community are essential. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 47:788–806, 2010 相似文献
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The Biology Workbench (BW) is a web‐based tool enabling scientists to search a wide array of protein and nucleic acid sequence databases with integrated access to a variety of analysis and modeling tools. The present study examined the development of this scientific tool and its consequent adoption into the context of high school science teaching in the form of the Biology Student Workbench (BSW). Participants included scientists, programmers, science educators, and science teachers who played key roles along the pathway of the design and development of BW, and/or the adaptation and implementation of BSW in high school science classrooms. Participants also included four teachers who, with their students, continue to use BSW. Data sources included interviews, classroom observations, and relevant artifacts. Contrary to what often is advocated as a major benefit accruing from the integration of authentic scientific tools into precollege science teaching, classroom enactments of BSW lacked elements of inquiry and were teacher‐centered with prescribed convergent activities. Students mostly were preoccupied with following instructions and a focus on science content. The desired and actual realizations of BSW fell on two extremes that reflected the disparity between scientists' and educators' views on science, inquiry science teaching, and the related roles of technological tools. Research on large‐scale adoptions of technological tools into precollege science classrooms needs to expand beyond its current focus on teacher knowledge, skills, beliefs, and practices to examine the role of the scientists, researchers, and teacher educators who often are involved in such adoptions. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 48: 37–70, 2011 相似文献
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探究教学是20世纪60年代提出的,其核心是使学生通过类似科学家的探究过程理解科学概念和科学探究的本质,培养科学探究能力.美国几十年的科学教育实践表明,探究教学有着明显的优势,但实践起来困难重重.本文分析了探究教学的优势与弊端,以及科学探究的基本特征,并针对我国的科学教育实际提出了一些建议. 相似文献
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In this study, we analyzed the quality of students' written scientific explanations found in notebooks and explored the link between the quality of the explanations and students' learning. We propose an approach to systematically analyzing and scoring the quality of students' explanations based on three components: claim, evidence to support it, and a reasoning that justifies the link between the claim and the evidence. We collected students' science notebooks from eight science inquiry‐based middle‐school classrooms in five states. All classrooms implemented the same scientific‐inquiry based curriculum. The study focuses on one of the implemented investigations and the students' explanations that resulted from it. Nine students' notebooks were selected within each classroom. Therefore, a total of 72 students' notebooks were analyzed and scored using the proposed approach. Quality of students' explanations was linked with students' performance in different types of assessments administered as the end‐of‐unit test: multiple‐choice test, predict‐observe‐explain, performance assessment, and a short open‐ended question. Results indicated that: (a) Students' written explanations can be reliably scored with the proposed approach. (b) Constructing explanations were not widely implemented in the classrooms studied despite its significance in the context of inquiry‐based science instruction. (c) Overall, a low percentage of students (18%) provided explanations with the three expected components. The majority of the sample (40%) provided only claims without any supporting data or reasoning. And (d) the magnitude of the correlations between students' quality of explanations and their performance, were all positive but varied in magnitude according to the type of assessment. We concluded that engaging students in the construction of high quality explanations may be related to higher levels of student performance. The opportunities to construct explanations in science‐inquiry based classrooms, however, seem to be limited. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 47: 583–608, 2010 相似文献
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探究性学习突出学生的主体地位,在教师的引导下自己探索新知,自己思考答案,亲历、感受和理解知识产生和发展的过程,有利于培养学生的创造能力和创新思维,本文探讨教学中从创设问题情境、自主探究、合作交流、知识迁移应用等策略实施探究性学习。 相似文献
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Estelle Gaigher Norman Lederman Judith Lederman 《International Journal of Science Education》2013,35(18):3125-3147
This paper reports a study on South African learners' knowledge about scientific inquiry using the Views About Scientific Inquiry (VASI) Questionnaire. The sample consisted of 105 grade 11 learners from 7 schools across the socio-economic spectrum in a South African city. A rubric for scoring the VASI Questionnaire was developed and refined during the process of coding and is presented. Results showed that the learners held more informed views than that reported in previous international studies, except for particularly naive views regarding multiple methods of investigation. The results are discussed in terms of the Revised National Curriculum Statement (RNCS) that was taught from 2003 to 2010 in South African schools. This curriculum was founded on outcomes-based principles, valuing process skills rather than content. The study found that examples provided in the RNCS document correspond closely to the aspects of inquiry as described by the National Research Council. It is argued that the RNCS contributed to the more informed views about inquiry found among South African learners in this study. 相似文献
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Judith Lederman Norman Lederman Selina Bartels Juan Jimenez Mark Akubo Shereen Aly Chengcheng Bao Estelle Blanquet Ron Blonder Mariana Bologna Soares de Andrade Catherine Buntting Mustafa Cakir Heba EL-Deghaidy Ahmed ElZorkani Estelle Gaigher Shuchen Guo Arvi Hakanen Soraya Hamed Al-Lal Cigdem Han-Tosunoglu Annemarie Hattingh Anne Hume Serhat Irez Gillian Kay Ozgur Kivilcan Dogan Kerstin Kremer Pi-Chu Kuo Jari Lavonen Shu-Fen Lin Cheng Liu Enshan Liu Shiang-Yao Liu Bin Lv Rachel Mamlok-Naaman Christine McDonald Irene Neumann Yaozhen Pan Eric Picholle Ana Rivero García Carl-Johan Rundgren David Santibáñez-Gómez Kathy Saunders Renee Schwartz Frauke Voitle Jakob von Gyllenpalm Fangbing Wei Jocelyn Wishart Zhifeng Wu Huang Xiao Yalcin Yalaki Qiaoxue Zhou 《科学教学研究杂志》2019,56(4):486-515
Although understandings of scientific inquiry (as opposed to conducting inquiry) are included in science education reform documents around the world, little is known about what students have learned about inquiry during their elementary school years. This is partially due to the lack of any assessment instrument to measure understandings about scientific inquiry. However, a valid and reliable assessment has recently been developed and published, Views About Scientific Inquiry (VASI; Lederman et al. [2014], Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 51, 65–83). The purpose of this large-scale international project was to collect the first baseline data on what beginning middle school students have learned about scientific inquiry during their elementary school years. Eighteen countries/regions spanning six continents including 2,634 students participated in the study. The participating countries/regions were: Australia, Brazil, Chile, Egypt, England, Finland, France, Germany, Israel, Mainland China, New Zealand, Nigeria, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Taiwan, Turkey, and the United States. In many countries, science is not formally taught until middle school, which is the rationale for choosing seventh grade students for this investigation. This baseline data will simultaneously provide information on what, if anything, students learn about inquiry in elementary school, as well as their beginning knowledge as they enter secondary school. It is important to note that collecting data from all of the approximately 200 countries globally was not humanly possible, and it was also not possible to collect data from every region of each country. The results overwhelmingly show that students around the world at the beginning of grade seven have very little understandings about scientific inquiry. Some countries do show reasonable understandings in certain aspects but the overall picture of understandings of scientific inquiry is not what is hoped for after completing 6 years of elementary education in any country. 相似文献
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寿庆华 《贵州教育学院学报》2004,15(2):60-61
基础教育课程改革倡导师生在教学中进行科学探究，让学生自行建构知识网络。根据这种理念，就原电池一节的教学设计了一种科学探究的教学模式。 相似文献
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基于“几何画板”的中学数学课堂“探究学习”的实践与探索 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
伍春兰 《北京教育学院学报》2004,18(4):69-75
几何画板”应用于中学数学课堂“探究学习”中,解决了“探究学习”的难点问题。创设一个以“学”为中心的“探究学习”情境,其具体操作程序主要包括五个环节:问题情境,探究实验,表达交流,归纳猜想,分析验证。实验表明:学生学习数学的兴趣明显增加;对数学知识理解水平、数学技能掌握水平、应用数学知识和技能解决问题能力有所提高;初步养成了良好的学习数学的态度与习惯。 相似文献
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开展保护濒危野生动植物综合实践活动，旨在通过师生互动、平等参与，培养学生科学探究精神、创新能力、解决问题的能力和交流合作的能力，同时也提高学生的环保意识；本文通过对一次实践活动的组织实施，阐述了这一论点。 相似文献
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This study aims to examine the impacts of the inquiry learning strategies employed in a ‘Plastic Education Project’ on primary students' knowledge, beliefs and intended behaviour in Hong Kong. Student questionnaires and a test on plastic types were adopted for data collection. Results reveal that the inquiry learning strategies significantly improved students' knowledge of the types of plastic wastes and their corresponding beliefs. However, the strategies seemed not to change students' intended behaviour regarding plastic waste classification and management. The implications of the study for further learning and teaching in environmental education are discussed. 相似文献
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Ya-Chun Chen Yi-Ting Pan Zuway-R Hong Xue-Fang Weng 《Research in Science & Technological Education》2020,38(2):185-207
ABSTRACTBackground: As inquiry-based instruction is not universally implemented in science classrooms, it is crucial to introduce instructional strategies through the use of contextualized learning activities to allow students with different background knowledge and abilities to learn the essential competencies of scientific inquiry and promote their emotional perception and engagement.Purpose: This study explores how essential scientific competencies of inquiry can be integrated into classroom teaching practices and investigates both typical and gifted secondary students’ emotional perception and engagement in learning activities.Sample: A case teacher along with 226 typical and 18 gifted students from a suburban secondary school at Taiwan participated in this study.Design and methods: After attending twelve 3-hour professional development workshops that focused on scientific inquiry teaching, the case teacher voluntarily developed and elaborated her own teaching activities through the discussions and feedback that she received from workshop participants and science educators. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected through activity worksheet, questionnaire, video camera, and tape recorders. Frequency distribution, Mann-Whitney U test, and discourse analysis were used for data analyses.Results: Case teacher’s teaching activities provide contextual investigations that allow students to practice making hypotheses, planning investigations, and presenting and evaluating findings. Students’ learning outcomes reveal that typical students can engage in inquiry-based learning with positive emotional perception as well as gifted students regardless of their ability level. Both gifted and typical students’ positive emotional perception of and active engagement in learning provide fresh insight into feasible instructions for teachers who are interested in inquiry-based teaching but have little available time to implement such instructions into their classrooms.Conclusions: The results of our work begin to address the critical issues of inquiry-based teaching by providing an exemplary teaching unit encompassing essential scientific competencies 相似文献
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廖元锡 《海南师范学院学报》2006,19(1):34-37
1980年以来，物理教学中始终关注培养学生的能力，在教学中也尝试运用问题教学法、发现学习法和探究式教学法，这些方法中都包含有探究的思想．新一轮课程改革所提倡的探究学习方式是这一思想的继承和超越． 相似文献
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杨忠 《和田师范专科学校学报》2005,25(2):157-158
通过问卷调查分析，了解到新疆少数民族大学生体育行为的现状，通过资料分析，反映出新疆各高校在体育课程设置、体育教法上存在一定的缺陷，从而导致出学生一系列体育行为的不显性的特点，影响了新疆体育教育事业的发展。 相似文献
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根据科学探究的课堂基本特征和已有评价体系来建立物理教师自行评价等级,对职前教师和在职教师进行科学探究实施能力调查和比较研究,从而了解他们科学探究实施能力的差异和问题。为高等师范院校改进物理教师教育提供依据。 相似文献
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Teacher–student discourse continues to be teacher-centred even though researchers and reform documents have recommended changes toward increased levels of student-centred discourse. In science education this situation is paralleled by effort to make scientific inquiry more student-centred. The purpose of this study was to investigate how discourse forms changed over time in a classroom where the regular teacher and his students were scaffolded in the transitioning to student-centred scientific inquiry. Video-recordings were collected at intervals over one academic year. Three prominent forms of discourse were identified: two teacher-authoritative forms and one more interactive, dialogic form. As the lessons increasingly turned into student-centred scientific inquiry, a shift to the dialogic discourse form was found. Co-teaching provided for (a) guidance towards an organisation of events in the classroom that included regular teacher–student dialogue (b) modelling of the more dialogic form of discourse. 相似文献