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1.
Anastasia Efklides Anastasia Kourkoulou Frosso Mitsiou Despina Ziliaskopoulou 《Metacognition and Learning》2006,1(1):33-49
The present study aimed at identifying the effects of mood treatment, personality factors, and metacognitive knowledge of
effort–i.e., conceptualization of effort and perceptions of effort regulation–on metacognitive experiences of students, particularly
on their reported feeling of difficulty and estimate of effort. The sample comprised 474 students of 5th and 7th grade of
both genders. The participants were tested in two phases. In the first phase, they were asked to respond to questionnaires
measuring (a) metacognitive knowledge of effort, (b) maths self-concept, (c) goal orientations, and (d) a test of maths ability.
In the second phase, participants were subjected to mood treatment–neutral, positive, and negative– and were asked to solve
a mathematical problem. They also rated their prospective metacognitive experiences before solving the problem and the retrospective
ones after solving it. Mood treatment interacted with gender in the case of performance but it had no effect on metacognitive
experiences. A series of regression analyses showed that positive mood, personality factors, and feeling of difficulty predicted
the prospective estimate of effort. Only feeling of difficulty and performance predicted the retrospective estimate of effort.
No effect of metacognitive knowledge of effort on estimate of effort was found. 相似文献
2.
This study examined 1) experiences of six discrete emotions ‒ joy, pride, contentment, worry, shame, hopelessness ‒ after solving a math problem of students aged 10–12 years, and 2) the contribution of self-concept, metacognitive experiences (feeling of difficulty and feeling of success) and performance on emotions experienced after the task, controlling for gender and emotions experienced before the task. Results indicated a decrease in joy and contentment after problem solving. Performance did not contribute to emotions apart from hopelessness. The influence of performance on hopelessness was mediatized by metacognitive experiences. Self-concept contributed to joy, pride and shame but its influence became non-significant when we controlled for metacognitive experiences. Feeling of success mediatized the effect of self-concept on joy, pride and shame. Metacognitive experiences were also found to be important predictors of all emotions except worry. The need for new paradigms to study emotions in education is discussed. 相似文献
3.
This study shows the results of a two-year longitudinal study where the same participants were followed for two consecutive years as they enter secondary school (aged 12–14 years). The main issue was to investigate the development of both the quantity and the quality of metacognitive skills. Another issue was to establish whether the development of metacognitive skillfulness is intelligence-related or relatively intelligence-independent. Finally, the generality vs. domain-specificity of developing metacognitive skillfulness was investigated. Thirty-two secondary school students participated in this study. While thinking aloud they performed two different tasks representing two different domains: A text-studying task for history and a problem-solving task for math. Participants' intellectual ability, metacognitive skillfulness and learning performance were assessed. Results show a quantitative as well as a qualitative growth in metacognitive skillfulness. Furthermore, results of both years show that metacognitive skillfulness contributed to learning performance (partly) independent of intellectual ability. A parallel development of metacognitive and intellectual ability was found. Finally, metacognitive skills predominantly appear to be general. Domain-specific metacognitive skills, however, played a substantial, but minor role as well in both years. Instructional implications are being discussed. 相似文献
4.
Linda Bol Karen D. Y. Campbell Tony Perez Cherng-Jyh Yen 《Community College Journal of Research & Practice》2016,40(6):480-495
The effects of training in self-regulation on metacognition and math achievement were investigated. The participants were 116 community college students enrolled in developmental math courses. Students enrolled in 16 classrooms were randomly assigned to the treatment and control groups. Participants in the treatment group completed four self-regulated learning (SRL) exercises based on Zimmerman’s (2002) cyclical model. The exercises were completed weekly and repeated for a total of 3 weeks. During the last week of class, participants completed a final exam to measure math achievement as well as the metacognitive self-regulation and time/study environment management scales on the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire ([MSLQ], Pintrich, Smith, Garcia, & McKeachie, 1991). There were significant differences between the two groups, indicating that training in SRL improved math achievement and metacognitive skills assessed on both MSLQ scales. The findings suggested that training in SRL improves math achievement, metacognitive self-regulation and time/study environmental management skills of students enrolled in developmental math courses. 相似文献
5.
Most metacognition research has focused on aggregate judgments of overall performance or item-level judgments about performance on particular questions. However, metacognitive judgments at the category level, which have not been as extensively explored, also play a role in students’ study strategies, for example, when students determine what topics to study for an exam. We investigated whether category learning judgments (CLJs) were sensitive to differences in the difficulty of general knowledge categories. After either studying or being tested on facts from several categories (e.g., Shakespeare, Astronomy), participants estimated the likelihood that they could correctly answer new questions from those categories on a later test (i.e., they made CLJs). Results of two studies showed that CLJs were sensitive to differences in category difficulty. Further, participants gave lower or more conservative CLJs when they took an initial test as compared to studying questions from the categories. Results are discussed in terms of the value and relevance of CLJs both in educational settings and in theories of metacognition. 相似文献
6.
Ming-Te Wang Cristina D. Zepeda Xu Qin Juan Del Toro Kevin R. Binning 《Child development》2021,92(5):e957-e976
This article used self-regulated learning as a theoretical lens to examine the individual and interactive associations between a growth mindset and metacognition on math engagement for adolescent students from socioeconomically disadvantaged schools. Across three longitudinal studies with 207, 897, and 2,325 11- to 15-year-old adolescents, students’ beliefs that intelligence is malleable and capable of growth over time only predicted higher math engagement among students possessing the metacognitive skills to reflect upon and be aware of their learning progress. The results suggest that metacognitive skills may be necessary for students to realize their growth mindset. Thus, growth mindsets and metacognitive skills should be promoted together to capitalize on the mutually reinforcing effects of each, especially among students in socioeconomically disadvantaged schools. 相似文献
7.
《Australian Journal of Learning Difficulties》2013,18(1):13-34
Children with general learning difficulties commonly show lower school success and have a slower rate of learning. They show limited and inefficient strategy use in all kinds of tasks. Efficient strategy use requires a certain degree of metacognitive knowledge and executive control. A sample of 16 children (ages 8 to 12) with learning difficulties participated in a 3-month metacognitive training intervention that alternated between curriculum-related and curriculum-unrelated tasks. The children were indirectly taught cognitive and metacognitive strategies by means of guided prompting. The application of the strategies and the children's metacognitive knowledge were evaluated through observation of their behavior and verbalizations. Children showed progress in strategy use and metacognitive knowledge in both types of tasks, but it was only in the more concrete strategies that a positive correlation was found between application and quality of reflection. It is hypothesized that children perceived these concrete strategies to be of most practical value and they were therefore able to reflect most accurately on their use. 相似文献
8.
Trinidad García Celestino Rodríguez Paloma González-Castro Julio Antonio González-Pienda Mark Torrance 《Metacognition and Learning》2016,11(2):139-170
Calibration, or the correspondence between perceived performance and actual performance, is linked to students’ metacognitive and self-regulatory skills. Making students more aware of the quality of their performance is important in elementary school settings, and more so when math problems are involved. However, many students seem to be poorly calibrated, with a tendency towards over-confidence. The present study analyzes the relationship between post-performance calibration accuracy and the metacognitive process shown by 524 fifth- and sixth-grade students while solving two math problems. After calculating a calibration index and establishing the stability of students’ judgments and actual performance, differences in the metacognitive process exhibited by students with different calibration accuracy (Accurate vs. Inaccurate groups) were analyzed. The emergence of different calibration patterns and differences in the metacognitive process as a function of mathematics achievement and grade level were also examined. Results indicated that: (a) students in the overall sample were little calibrated and over-confident, showing high stability in their judgments and actual performance across problems; (b) inaccurate students reported using information representation sub-processes (drawing/summarizing) less frequently, but writing and reviewing (and also correcting mistakes) more frequently than their accurate peers; and (c) differences in calibration patterns and the metacognitive process were found when achievement level was considered, whereas grade level did not generate any important effect. These findings suggest the usefulness of process-based measures to examine the metacognitive processes involved in making post-performance judgments, considering achievement and its possible mediating role in this relationship. 相似文献
9.
Saied Bishara Shani Kaplan 《International Journal of Disability, Development & Education》2018,65(6):631-648
The purpose of the research was to examine the correlation between locus of control and metacognitive knowledge in math and math achievement among students with learning disabilities. We examined 30 eighth grade pupils with learning disabilities and 30 other pupils all of whom studied in a heterogeneous class in a public school in order to better understand the extent to which the variables: metacognitive knowledge, locus of control and achievement in math differed in the two populations. The pupils answered three questionnaires: the first was designed to study the locus of control, the second, to investigate metacognitive knowledge and the third, to measure math achievement. The findings of this study indicate that the higher the level of the internal locus of control, the higher the use of metacognitive knowledge. Furthermore, higher levels of internal locus of control and higher use of metacognitive knowledge resulted in increased math achievement. 相似文献
10.
胡丙林 《湖北广播电视大学学报》2011,31(6):148-149
在数学教学实践中,数学教师应把对学生学习能力的培养、开发学生智力以及使教学更好地适应学生的心理发展作为重要的教学内容。我国当前教育改革的重要目标之一,就是培养学生的独立性和自主性,使学生学会学习。因此,在高中数学教学中培养学生的元认知能力具有十分重要的现实意义。 相似文献
11.
Paulette Rozencwajg 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》2003,18(3):281-294
The aim of this study on 42 seventh graders (ages 12–13) was to determine whether and to what extent students’ metacognitive
level is linked to their conceptualization and performance in problem solving at school, especially science problems. This
hypothesis is supported by a number of studies showing that metacognition is a factor in learning. Two indexes were devised
for the study: an index of metaknowledge about classroom learning, and an index of metacognitive monitoring in relation to
task difficulty on a non-academic problem. These two indexes were related to the students’ intelligence test scores and solving
strategies on electricity problems. The results showed that (1) the metaknowledge level was more closely tied to crystallized
intelligence (Gc), and (2) metacognitive monitoring was more closely associated with fluid intelligence (Gf). Moreover, both
metacognitive indexes were strongly linked to scientific problem-solving strategies (correlations around .50). 相似文献
12.
13.
Relations were examined between epistemic profiles, metacognition, problem solving, and achievement in the context of learning
in an educational psychology course. Two hundred thirty-one university students completed self-report inventories reflecting
their epistemic profiles and use of metacognitive strategies, and were epistemically profiled as rational, empirical, or both
rational and empirical in their approaches to knowing. From the larger sample, 78 students participated in a problem-solving
session using a think aloud protocol. Results demonstrated that for self-reported metacognitive strategies, students profiled
as both rational and empirical had the highest frequency of metacognitive strategy use compared to students profiled as empirical.
Similarly, during problem solving, students profiled as both rational and empirical had the highest frequency of regulation
of cognition compared to students profiled as empirical or rational. Finally, students profiled as both rational and empirical
attained higher levels of problem-solving achievement compared to students profiled as empirical. 相似文献
14.
Do it this way! Metacognitive strategies in collaborative mathematical problem solving 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Recent years have seen increasing interest in the role of metacognition in mathematical problem solving, and in the use of small group work in classroom settings. However, little is known about the nature of secondary students' metacognitive strategy use, and how these strategies are applied when students work together on problems. The study described in this paper investigated the monitoring behaviour of a pair of senior secondary school students as they worked collaboratively on problems in applied mathematics. Analysis of verbal protocols from think aloud problem solving sessions showed that, although the students generally benefited from adopting complementary metacognitive roles, unhelpful social interactions sometimes impeded progress. The findings shed some light on the nature of individual and interactive metacognitive strategy use during collaborative activity. 相似文献
15.
Rabia M. Yilmaz Ozlem Baydas 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》2017,65(6):1547-1567
The aim of the study is to examine undergraduate students’ awareness of metacognition, the metacognitive strategies they use in their learning and their learning performance in pre-class asynchronous activity in a flipped classroom. The sample consisted of 47 undergraduate students. Eleven students were not included in this study since they did not participate in all quizzes and most of the metacognitive strategy activities. Metacognitive Awareness Inventory and Metacognitive Strategies Evaluation Activities were used as data collection tools. The results showed that Computer Education and Instructional Technology students’ metacognitive awareness was at a high level and their metacognitive strategy levels and learning performances differed weekly. Post hoc results indicated no difference between metacognitive strategy and learning performance in the first three weeks. However, the results of the first 3 weeks differed from those of the 4th and 5th weeks. In addition, our regression analysis result indicated that using metacognitive strategies predicted 80% of students’ learning performance. This rate shows the importance of using metacognitive strategies for the learning process in pre-class asynchronous activity in the flipped classroom. 相似文献
16.
Posing questions about an article might improve one’s knowledge—a cognitive function, or monitor one’s thought processes—a
metacognitive function. This study focuses on guided question posing while using a metacognitive strategy by 12th grade honors
chemistry students. We investigated the ways by which the metacognitive strategy affected students’ skills to pose complex
questions and to analyze them according to a specially designed taxonomy. Our learning unit, Case-based computerized laboratories, emphasizes learning through chemical case studies, accompanied by tasks, that call for posing questions to which the answer
cannot be found in the text. Teachers equipped their students with a metacognitive strategy for assessing the quality of their
own questions and characterizing them according to a three-component taxonomy: content, thinking level, and chemistry understanding
levels. The participants were 793 experimental and 138 comparison chemistry students. Research instruments included interviews
and case-based-questionnaires. Interviews with students revealed that using the metacognitive strategy the students had been
taught, they were capable of analyzing the questions they generated with the taxonomy. The questionnaires showed that students
significantly improved their question posing skill, as well as the complexity level of the questions they posed. A significant
difference was found in favor of the experimental group students. Stimulating students to generate complex questions with
a metacognitive strategy in mind enabled them to be aware of their own cognitive process and to self-regulate it with respect
to the learning task. 相似文献
17.
Julie Dangremond Stanton Xyanthe N. Neider Isaura J. Gallegos Nicole C. Clark 《CBE life sciences education》2015,14(2)
Strong metacognition skills are associated with learning outcomes and student performance. Metacognition includes metacognitive knowledge—our awareness of our thinking—and metacognitive regulation—how we control our thinking to facilitate learning. In this study, we targeted metacognitive regulation by guiding students through self-evaluation assignments following the first and second exams in a large introductory biology course (n = 245). We coded these assignments for evidence of three key metacognitive-regulation skills: monitoring, evaluating, and planning. We found that nearly all students were willing to take a different approach to studying but showed varying abilities to monitor, evaluate, and plan their learning strategies. Although many students were able to outline a study plan for the second exam that could effectively address issues they identified in preparing for the first exam, only half reported that they followed their plans. Our data suggest that prompting students to use metacognitive-regulation skills is effective for some students, but others need help with metacognitive knowledge to execute the learning strategies they select. Using these results, we propose a continuum of metacognitive regulation in introductory biology students. By refining this model through further study, we aim to more effectively target metacognitive development in undergraduate biology students. 相似文献
18.
The first objective of this study was establishing to what extent metacognitive skill is associated with intelligence. As a second objective, the impact of hints on the execution of metacognitive skills was investigated. Both issues have major implications for the training and transferability of metacognitive skills during performance on a representative school task. First, a standardized intelligence-test was administered to a group of first-year secondary-school students. Next, these students solved six math word problems, three without metacognitive hints and three including these hints. Metacognitive skilfullness was assessed through systematical observation, while learning performance consisted of performance on a math task and grade point average (GPA). Results show that without hints metacognitive skilfulness is the main predictor of initial learning, while intelligence additionally enters the regression equation after the presentation of metacognitive hints. GPA also appears to be predicted by a combination of intellectual and metacognitive skills. Consequences for the early acquisition of metacognitive skills are discussed. 相似文献
19.
提高教学质量的关键是课堂教学。数学课对高职学生来说有一定的难度,如何向课堂教学要质量,是广大数学教师在实践中应积极探索的问题。教师在课堂中要采用灵活多样的教学方法,调动学生主动学习的积极性,以提高数学教学的质量。 相似文献
20.
ANA SUSAC ANDREJA BUBIC JURICA KAPONJA MAJA PLANINIC MARIJAN PALMOVIC 《International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education》2014,12(3):555-577
Equation rearrangement is an important skill required for problem solving in mathematics and science. Eye movements of 40 university students were recorded while they were rearranging simple algebraic equations. The participants also reported on their strategies during equation solving in a separate questionnaire. The analysis of the behavioral and eye tracking data, namely the accuracy, reaction times, and the number of fixations, revealed that the participants improved their performance during the time course of the measurement. The type of equation also had a significant effect on the score. The results indicated that the number of fixations represents a reliable and sensitive measure that can give valuable insights into participants’ flow of attention during equation solving. A correlation between the number of fixations and participants’ efficiency in equation solving was found, suggesting that the more efficient participants developed adequate strategies, i.e. “knew where to look.” The comparison of eye movement data and questionnaire reports was used for assessing the validity of participants’ metacognitive insights. The measures derived from eye movement data were found to be more objective and reliable than the participants’ reports. These results indicate that the measurement of eye movements provides insights into otherwise unavailable cognitive processes and may be used for exploring problem difficulty, student expertise, and metacognitive processes. 相似文献