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1.
Joanne Marie Purcell 《Children‘s Literature in Education》2018,49(3):356-375
Picture books, as both sophisticated aesthetic objects and literary texts, provide the ideal site for critically examining how values and ideology are transmitted to children. How the child reader might be affected by the process of reading a picture book—that is, how he or she might be moved emotionally and potentially gain new insights about the world—is of interest to scholars and educators alike. This article draws upon cognitive literary theory as a conceptual frame through which to explore the cognitive and emotional affect that reading may have upon children. “Reader response” and “cultural criticism” are approaches to literature that seek to understand how readers interact with texts. Cognitive theory, when applied to literature, builds on these discourses by focusing on why reading fiction might cause the brain to produce emotional and cognitive responses in readers. As metaphors are a feature of language and of thought, a study of the metaphorical in picture books aptly lends itself to the theoretical framework offered by cognitive literary theory. Drawing on examples from four picture books produced for children, broadly correlating to different developmental stages, this article examines the role of metaphor in encouraging skills in decoding and creative thinking. Talking to children about visual metaphor or metaphorical expression introduces them to a feature of language and thought that provides a conceptual frame for richer understanding and expression of ideas. Examining how the metaphorical operates in picture books thus takes us a step closer to understanding how the process of reading affects children and enriches their lives. 相似文献
2.
陈景燕 《昆明师范高等专科学校学报》2008,30(1):58-61
翻译及其翻译标准的研究在很大程度上就是跨文化互动的研究。“杰罗姆模式”主张译文必须忠实于原文,强调词与词的对应翻译;“贺拉斯模式”主张译文必须忠实于其“顾客”,强调协商是翻译过程的核心概念;“斯库勒马切尔模式”主张“异味”翻译,强调为读者保留原文风采。而一般翻译标准则强调“忠实”与“通顺”。在翻译教学与实践中,译文必须体现原文所反映的历史文化背景,其内容和语言应该忠实于原文;同时译文还必须满足读者易于阅读理解和欣赏的需求,在其翻译技巧或方法的应用上不拘泥某一种固定模式,而要考虑到其变通性。 相似文献
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Kate Parry 《Journal of Research in Reading》1993,16(2):148-158
In recent decades reading research has moved from predominantly quantitative work to more qualitative studies in which individual readers are observed in interaction with texts. Considerable differences have been found in the strategies employed by these readers, especially by those of different social and cultural backgrounds. These diverse strategies can be partly attributed to the different processes by which people learn to read and through the different ways in which they see written texts used in their own social environments; the contrasting situations and strategies of Japanese and Nigerian readers are used to illustrate the point. If teachers are to deal effectively with readers of various cultural backgrounds—as they must do in ESL and EFL classes—they need to know more about such contrasts; more work is therefore needed on the relationship between the literacy practices of cultural communities and the reading strategies of particular individuals. 相似文献
5.
Francesca Gobbo 《The Urban Review》2017,49(3):420-442
In Italy, the exploration of, and debate on, problems of educational rights and justice are not subsumed under the comprehensive rubric of “Urban Education”. They are rather studied from disciplinary realms and approaches such as social education or intercultural education that aim to understand and respond to issues of pressing social, political and educational concerns relative to migration, educational inclusion of immigrants’ and minorities’ children, recognition of cultural diversities as teaching and learning resources, among others. In this article the intercultural perspective is focused on the Italian occupational minority of the fairground and circus people, whose intensely mobile way of life impacts on their children’s school attendance and learning, and on the schools’ capacity to elaborate effective educational paths also able to valorize those people’s cultural diversity. Three relevant “bottom up” projects are here presented that mean to positively answer the mismatch between the mobility of the attractionist students and the schooling curricula, the annual teaching schedule and the attendance requirements. 相似文献
6.
This article presents a small case study of two childhood readers of Enid Blyton’s Famous Five series, who meet in a research project devoted to a different but related topic. One is Indian by birth and background, the other, Canadian. Their experience of this series is separated by distance (many thousands of miles), time of reading (nearly fifty years), and divergent racial and cultural perspectives. Yet both include Blyton in what Alison Waller calls a “lifelong reading act,” and both recall the experience as one involving enthusiastic personal engagement coupled with the questions and assumptions of an outsider to the Englishness of the books. Their common experiences and memories provide a language for exploration that sheds light on many components of the experience of reading fiction. Their responses to online images of the Five’s favourite location for adventure, Kirrin Island, showcase both commonalities and distinctions in reading processes. Three themes are explored in depth: reading as an outsider, good enough imagining, and the interactions of reading and memory.
相似文献7.
Margaret MacKey Jill Kedersha McClay 《Changing English: An International Journal of English Teaching》2000,7(2):191-201
New media and technologies operate in polysemic formats that make complex demands on readers. During a time of constant change in ways of communicating, the familiar form of the picture book offers readers of all ages a route into sophisticated polysemic reading. Contemporary picture books provide both the comfort of the known and the potential of the new. As texts that use multiple semiotic systems, picture books also manifest the chief virtue of print on paper: they are 'a resting place for words' in Derrick de Kerckhove's phrase. Unlike online readers, picture book readers are literally able to get their hands on key words or pictures, literally able to trace the flow of the story. Within this well-known form, many contemporary picture books subvert literary conventions and explore challenging aesthetic and social questions. 相似文献
8.
William J. White 《Technical Communication Quarterly》2017,26(2):101-115
This article traces the reception of a “science comic book” by various audiences including readers and reviewers after publication as well as grant application review committees vetting the proposed project in its conceptual stage. Specifically, the work is a biology textbook containing comics-style visual explanations couched in the form of an imaginative story interwoven with and supplementing traditional text-based explanations of the same ideas. The analysis uses Genette’s concept of “paratexts” (i.e., a class of speech genres comprising those supplementary texts that contextualize and inform readers’ interpretations of the primary text that they accompany) to examine the rhetoric of the visual in the discourse of science education. This analysis observes that the stigmatization of comics as a medium played some role in how readers, critics, and reviewers responded to the text. The implications of this stigma for cultural conceptions of science and their relationships to other knowledge domains, including the arts and humanities, raise a concern for the mediation of public impressions of science as an institution. 相似文献
9.
Hild Elisabeth Hoff 《Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research》2019,63(3):443-464
The work presented here is a qualitative study of socio-cultural approaches to literary texts in a selection of upper secondary English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classrooms in Norway. The article explores opportunities and challenges related to the fostering of competent “intercultural readers” in foreign language (FL) educational contexts by examining how notions of interculturality are implicated in the teaching materials and classroom discourse. The analysis indicates that the examined text interpretation processes rely on a complex interplay between literary texts, tasks and classroom participants in such respect. Two particular strands of the analysis, pertaining to how issues of intertextuality and the emotional dimension of literary reading play a role in the data, are highlighted. The article concludes by discussing the didactic implications of findings. 相似文献
10.
Sarah P. McGeown Cara Osborne Amy Warhurst Roger Norgate Lynne G. Duncan 《Journal of Research in Reading》2016,39(1):109-125
This study examined the extent to which a range of child characteristics (sex, age, socioeconomic status, reading skill and intrinsic and extrinsic reading motivation) predicted engagement (i.e., time spent) in different reading activities (fiction books, factual books, school textbooks, comics, magazines and digital texts). In total, 791 children (aged 8–11 years) participated. There was considerable variation in the factors predicting engagement in different reading activities. Although intrinsic reading motivation was a good predictor of recreational book reading, age was a stronger predictor of engagement with digital texts. Furthermore, specific dimensions of motivation predicted engagement in different reading activities; being motivated to read challenging texts predicted recreational book reading, whereas being motivated to achieve good grades predicted schoolbook reading. On the other hand, social reasons predicted engagement with magazines and comics. Implications for education and the relationship between child characteristics and choice of reading activities are discussed. 相似文献
11.
EDUCATION AND PLACE: A REVIEW ESSAY 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Jan Nespor 《Educational theory》2008,58(4):475-489
Abstract In this review essay, Jan Nespor uses three recent contributions to place‐based education, Paul Theobald’s Teaching the Commons, C.A. Bowers’s Revitalizing the Commons, and David Gruenewald and Gregory Smith‘s edited volume Place‐Based Education in the Global Age, to examine some fundamental conceptual and practical issues in the area. One is how “place” is defined in place‐based education theory, and in particular how moralizing idealizations of place woven into problematic distinctions (place/nonplace, urban/rural, local/global, and so on) may actually make it harder for us to understand education and place. A second is how class, ethnicity, gender, and other forms of difference are addressed — or not — in the field’s theoretical formulations. Finally, Nespor explores problems of articulating the visions of place‐based education in these texts with larger social or political movements to transform schooling and environmental practices. 相似文献
12.
由于考虑到社会及读者的因素,科技译文往往应用全译变译等不用的形式,并因而产生相应不同的效果。在一定的社会环境中,不同的译文语篇形式适用于一定范围的读者,不同的翻译手段也影响着语篇中宏观结构与微观结构的变化。 相似文献
13.
Anne Mangen 《Educational theory》2016,66(4):457-477
Reading and writing are increasingly performed with digital, screen‐based technologies rather than with analogue technologies such as paper and pen(cil). The current digitization is an occasion to “unpack,” theoretically and conceptually, what is entailed in reading and writing as embodied, multisensory processes involving audiovisual and ergonomic interaction with devices having particular affordances. Highlighting the sensorimotor contingencies of substrates and technologies — how movement and object manipulation affect perception, experience, and sensory “feel” — this article presents an embodied approach to reading, writing, and literacy, using three cases of digitization as illustrations of some educational implications: (1) beginning writing by hand or by keyboard; (2) dialogic reading with iPads and print picture books in kindergarten; and (3) deep reading of long, linear texts on paper and on screens. 相似文献
14.
Boston Public as Public Pedagogy: Implications for Teacher Preparation and School Leadership 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
The media play a major role in the construction of popular cultural “texts,” such as films and television programs. These media forms are conceptualized as “public pedagogies”—i.e., as texts that have great potential to teach the public about a wide range of educational issues. This article focuses attention on the representation of teachers and principals in the popular television series Boston Public. Specifically, the authors provide two complimentary accounts of how the representations of teachers and principals can be engaged through critical analyses or “readings.” One account develops a deconstructive reading of how Boston Public treats teacher preparation, teacher competence, and principal leadership. The second account examines how preservice teachers were engaged in multiple readings of the program. The article concludes by suggesting that analyzing popular representations of teachers and educational leaders in film and television can become one important strategy, among others, for developing critically reflective educational leaders and teachers. 相似文献
15.
The examination of illustrated texts from reading books used in the elementary schools in different regions of recently unified Imperial Germany demonstrates both the interplay between pictures and texts in creating meaning and the persistence of common images and themes. From the ABC‐books for the youngest pupils, to the moralizing stones for older ones, to the history and geography units for the more advanced pupils, images persist of cozy homes, surrounded by the beauties of nature and populated by caring parents, especially mothers. In the numerous illustrated texts in the geography and history units of the readers, these images become metaphors to cast in familiar terms more distant topics like national monuments or reigning monarchs. Children in different regions saw different pictures and envisioned the nation through the lens of their own regional landscapes, landmarks, and histories. The persistent language and image of Heimat served to reconcile local, regional, and national identities and promoted attachment to the larger homeland. 相似文献
16.
《Early childhood research quarterly》2005,20(3):276-305
There are few research studies on the effects of teaching comprehension strategies to young children in the primary grades. Using a Dominant–Less Dominant Mixed Model design employing both qualitative and quantitative data collection, we evaluated two approaches for teaching comprehension strategies to 7- and 8-year-old children in four second-grade classrooms using science information texts. The first approach focused upon explicitly teaching a series of single comprehension strategies, one-at-a-time (SSI). The second approach focused on teaching a “set” or “family” of transacted comprehension strategies within a collaborative, interactive and engaging routine (TSI). Results showed no difference between teaching young children a “set” of comprehension strategies and teaching comprehension strategies explicitly, one-at-a-time on their reading comprehension performance as measured by a standardized test of reading comprehension, recall of main ideas from reading two 200 word passages from information texts, a reading motivation survey and a strategy use survey. Results showed significant differences between students taught a set of comprehension strategies on measures of elaborated knowledge acquisition from reading science books (detail idea units recalled), retention of science content knowledge, and significantly improved criterion or curriculum-based reading comprehension test scores. These benefits favoring TSI over SSI are important because the learning curve is relatively steep for teachers to develop the ability to teach and for young children to develop the ability to coordinate a “set” of transacted comprehension strategies. 相似文献
17.
Eric Deeson 《British journal of educational technology : journal of the Council for Educational Technology》2014,45(4):E20-E21
With the sub‐title “Young people, the internet, and civic participation”, The civic web recognises that youngsters are now well along the path to fully and seamlessly integrated offline and online lives. How can we ensure these young people become and remain fully engaged in their wider society and worlds now and throughout their lifetimes? It applies to teachers insofar as “digital media are part of the taken‐for‐granted social and cultural fabric of learning, play, and social communication”. There is some relevance to formal learning technology here, but the recommendation is that you borrow a copy for thought‐provoking “spare‐time” reading. Eric Deeson 相似文献
18.
Yun-Ping Ge Len Unsworth Kuo-Hua Wang Huey-Por Chang 《Research in Science Education》2018,48(6):1409-1431
From a social semiotic perspective, image designs in science textbooks are inevitably influenced by the sociocultural context in which the books are produced. The learning environments of Australia and Taiwan vary greatly. Drawing on social semiotics and cognitive science, this study compares classificational images in Australian and Taiwanese junior high school science textbooks. Classificational images are important kinds of images, which can represent taxonomic relations among objects as reported by Kress and van Leeuwen (Reading images: the grammar of visual design, 2006). An analysis of the images from sample chapters in Australian and Taiwanese high school science textbooks showed that the majority of the Taiwanese images are covert taxonomies, which represent hierarchical relations implicitly. In contrast, Australian classificational images included diversified designs, but particularly types with a tree structure which depicted overt taxonomies, explicitly representing hierarchical super-ordinate and subordinate relations. Many of the Taiwanese images are reminiscent of the specimen images in eighteenth century science texts representing “what truly is”, while more Australian images emphasize structural objectivity. Moreover, Australian images support cognitive functions which facilitate reading comprehension. The relationships between image designs and learning environments are discussed and implications for textbook research and design are addressed. 相似文献
19.
陈晖 《海南师范大学学报(社会科学版)》2006,19(1):40-42
作为一种新的文学艺术形式的绘本具有特殊的性质和特征。大部分绘本将儿童预设为主要读者,反映和表现儿童生活与心理,成人绘本内容形式的儿童化,令绘本普遍具有鲜明的儿童性;绘本作为图文合一的艺术整体,以简明之文和形象之图协同讲解故事,在具象与抽象、表象与意象的矛盾统一中呈现丰富性和多义性;具有思想艺术独创性的绘本,同时为读者预留了广阔的阅读理解空间,让绘本的阅读具有开放互动的特质。 相似文献