共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 468 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
从谷氨酰胺的星形胶质细胞排除到神经元对其进行摄取,谷氨酸-谷氨酰胺循环是必不可少的一步,这也是神经元补充谷氨酸的主要途径。本文主要是对参与这一过程的谷氨酰胺转运体的类别和功能做一综述。体内大多数参与谷氨酰胺转运的转运体是相互关联的,许多属性都是相同的,如都对微小pH值变换很敏感等。介导成人大脑中谷氨酰胺转运的转运系统主要是N转运系统（SN1）和A转运系统（SAT/ATA）,它们都是AAAP转运家族的成员。它们之间主要的区别就是生理条件下SN1对谷氨酰胺转运是可逆的,这使得SN1既可以维持星形胶质细胞内谷氨酰胺的浓度梯度,也可介导谷氨酰胺的净外流。但在增值的星形胶质细胞内,SN1的功能被ASCT2取代。 相似文献
4.
5.
细胞分泌是基本的生命活动,是生物信息传递的关键环节.免疫防卫反应、细胞的生长、受精过程、细胞内外的物质交换、细胞膜上受体蛋白的嵌入以及再循环等细胞生理功能的实现都与细胞分泌活动有关,且所涉及的一些膜转运蛋白和分子机制是类似的.文章对分泌过程、相关蛋白质的功能以及对分泌的调控等进行了概述,介绍了国内外对膜蛋白转运机制及其相关蛋白质功能的最新研究成果.并对目前提出的假设及存在的问题进行了讨论与展望. 相似文献
6.
从垂序商陆(Phytolacca americana)的重金属镉胁迫下商陆幼苗叶片的正反向抑制性消减杂交文库(SSH文库)中,获得商陆寡肽转运蛋白基因的EST序列.利用RACE的方法克隆到该基因的全序列cDNA(PaOPT,GenBank注册HQ647015).PaOPT基因在进化中的地位分析表明:它可能属于OPT3基因家族.利用实时荧光定量PCR的方法,分析PaOPT的组织表达特异性以及商陆种子成熟及萌发过程的表达模式.结果表明,该基因是一个在种子中特异性表达的基因,预测它对植物的生长发育有着重要的作用. 相似文献
7.
本研究选择小叶榕(Ficus concinna Miq.)、南天竹(Nandina domestica)、一串红(Salvia splendens Ker-Gawler)、扶芳藤(Euonymus fortunei)、枸杞(Lycium barbarum L.)等5种植物为研究对象,在实验室模拟盐碱地植物生境,用不同浓度梯度的海水浇灌,以盆栽的方式研究盐碱胁迫对植物生长及生理指标的影响以及对无机离子的累积效应。实验结果表明:盐胁迫影响5种植物株高和茎粗,但影响显著性不一,盐分使叶绿素含量显著减小,影响植物的光合作用,盐胁迫下丙二醛以及过氧化酶含量显著增大,超氧化物歧化酶含量随盐分浓度增加呈现先增加后减少的趋势,另外实验中土壤含盐量、土壤pH值和植物体内的Na+、K+浓度都达到了显著性差异水平。综合分析,5种植物耐盐性强弱依次为:扶芳藤枸杞小叶榕一串红南天竹。 相似文献
8.
介绍了离子膜电解槽槽电压的影响因素。认为影响槽电压的主要因素主要有膜自身结构,电流密度,碱液浓度,阴、阳极间距,阴、阳极液循环量,温度和盐水中的杂质等。并就如何延长离子膜使用寿命提出建议。离子膜电解生产烧碱过程中,电流效率和槽电压是衡量能耗高低的重要指标,其中槽电压的升降不仅影响电解生产的正常进行,而且容易对电气设备造成一定程度的损害。 相似文献
9.
关于植物的耐盐性和抗盐性的研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
本文就植物的耐盐性和抗盐性在生物学特性、盐胁迫的生理生态和生理生化特性、细胞和分子生物学研究现况进行了概述,并对生物改良盐碱地的方法进行了讨论。 相似文献
10.
11.
12.
盆栽实验条件下,研究了种植在两种土壤基质的豆科草本植物鸡眼草(Kummerowia striata)对水分胁迫和丛枝菌根真菌的响应。水分处理为对照(土壤相对含水量为70%~80%)和中度干旱胁迫(土壤相对含水量为45%~55%),菌根真菌处理为接种和不接种处理。结果表明,水分和基质均影响菌根真菌的侵染率,水分胁迫降低侵染率,条件较好的基质1菌根真菌的侵染率明显高于条件较差的基质2。两种基质条件下,接种菌根真菌都显著降低叶片丙二醛含量(P<0.05)但提高了可溶性糖含量、增加了鸡眼草的分枝数和提高了鸡眼草的地上部分和地下部分生物量。干旱胁迫处理,基质1下菌根真菌提高植物抗旱性的效果为4.29%,而基质2下菌根真菌提高植物抗旱性的效果为11.29%。 相似文献
13.
K.T. Bainbridge 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》1931,212(4):489-506
A short review is included of previous work on the blackening of photographic plates by positive rays and rays of an analogous nature.The blackening of Eastman x-ray plates, by positive ions, has been measured as a function of the energy of the ions of Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs. The energy of the ions required to produce a photographic density of D = 0.3 with a one minute exposure at a current density of 1.32 × 10?8 amperes per cm.2 ranged from 1420 electron-volts in the case of cæsium to 860 electron-volts in the case of Li7. Approximately 105 ions are required at these energies to render developable one silver-halide grain. For a threshold density, D = 0.04, under the same conditions the energy ranged from approximately 920 to 460 electron-volts for Cs and Li7 respectively.Sensitivity comparisons were made between x-ray plates and process and schumannized process plates. Potassium ions with an energy as low as 137 electron-volts were recorded on Schumann plates, and it is possible that positive ions of one-third this energy can be recorded. 相似文献
14.
根据杂交应力理性模式，基于一种修正的Hellinger－Reissuer原理，建立了具有一个无外力斜边的杂交应力元，其应力场由无边界面力在非协调位移上所作虚功之和为零的约束条件导出，将这种特殊元与具有一个无外力圆弧边的杂交应力元联合，可有效地分析具有倒圆角V型槽孔板的应力集中，并可提供远较一般假定位移及一般假定应力元准确的孔边应力分布。 相似文献
15.
Chunzhao Zhao Wei Jiang Omar Zayed Xin Liu Kai Tang Wenfeng Nie Yali Li Shaojun Xie Yuan Li Tiandan Long Linlin Liu Yingfang Zhu Yang Zhao Jian-Kang Zhu 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2021,8(1):35-50
Salt stress is a major environmental factor limiting plant growth and productivity. We recently discovered an important new salt tolerance pathway, where the cell wall leucine-rich repeat extensins LRX3/4/5, the RAPID ALKALINIZATION FACTOR (RALF) peptides RALF22/23 and receptor-like kinase FERONIA (FER) function as a module to simultaneously regulate plant growth and salt stress tolerance. However, the intracellular signaling pathways that are regulated by the extracellular LRX3/4/5-RALF22/23-FER module to coordinate growth, cell wall integrity and salt stress responses are still unknown. Here, we report that the LRX3/4/5-RALF22/23-FER module negatively regulates the levels of jasmonic acid (JA), salicylic acid (SA) and abscisic acid (ABA). Blocking JA pathway rescues the dwarf phenotype of the lrx345 and fer-4 mutants, while disruption of ABA biosynthesis suppresses the salt-hypersensitivity of these mutants. Many salt stress-responsive genes display abnormal expression patterns in the lrx345 and fer-4 mutants, as well as in the wild type plants treated with epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), an inhibitor of pectin methylesterases, suggesting cell wall integrity as a critical factor that determines the expression pattern of stress-responsive genes. Production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is constitutively increased in the lrx345 and fer-4 mutants, and inhibition of ROS accumulation suppresses the salt-hypersensitivity of these mutants. Together, our work provides strong evidence that the LRX3/4/5-RALF22/23-FER module controls plant growth and salt stress responses by regulating hormonal homeostasis and ROS accumulation. 相似文献
16.
氮素胁迫下的冬小麦光谱特征提取与分析 总被引：24，自引：2，他引：24
高光谱遥感是对地观测的重要技术手段，利用野外光谱仪在地面的实测工作为其在精准农业等方面的应用进行有益的尝试，可以提高作物营养诊断的精度。养分胁迫下高光谱特征提取是这一目标的地面预研究。本次试验对不同氮素养分胁迫下东小麦的不同生育期，分别观测其光谱反射率，分析其生物物理参数的变化规律和反射光谱的特征，利用导数光谱技术对叶绿素密度和叶面积指数等生物物理参量同原始光谱、一阶倒数光谱进行拟合度比较，结合养份胁迫的特点，分析建立光谱模型的可能性。叶绿素密度在可见光和近红外波段均拟合较好，拟合度在0.5左右，高于叶绿素含量与光谱反射率的拟合，而叶面积指数与冠层光谱拟合在近红外波段较好，在可见光波段拟合度较小。通过作物的光谱特征，提取其中重要的近红外反射峰值、绿峰和红端位移特征，与冬小麦的叶绿素密度、叶绿素含量等生物物理参数进行相关分析，建立了线性光谱模拟模型。提取出的特征参量均可有效地模拟生物物理参数的变化，其中叶绿素含量与近红外反射峰值的拟合度（R2)除乳熟期外，都在0.9以上；孕穗期的模拟模型也有显著的相关关系。综合分析，孕穗期是利用高光谱遥感进行作物长势和养份分诊断研究的最佳时期。 相似文献
17.
重点介绍了国际上在渗透胁迫引发的植物信号及其传递途径、渗透胁迫诱导相关基因克隆及转基因研究方面的最新进展,总结了近年来国内在这一领域内开展的工作及取得的成绩,最后讨论了今后研究的策略,提出了适合我国国情的研究思路和内容,并展望了可能取得创新成果的领域和方向。 相似文献
18.
Ghasem Janbabai Abbas Alipour Sina Ehteshami Seyedeh-Samaneh Borhani Touraj Farazmandfar 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2018,33(4):450-455
Trace metals are beneficial nutrient materials that act as essential cofactors in physiological processes. Recent evidence suggests that increase or decrease in certain trace metals may be related with risk and development of chronic diseases such as cancer. This study analyzed some trace elements level in hair and nail of patients with stomach cancer, and compared with their level in healthy controls. Trace elements (Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, P, Se, Sr and Zn) are estimated in hair and nail of the 73 cancer patients and 83 controls by atomic absorption spectrophotometric method. The levels of Cu, K, Li, P and Se in hair and nail samples, were significantly higher in cases than controls. Levels of Mg and Sr were significantly lower in cases than controls. Fe level in hair samples was significantly higher in cases than controls. The mean concentrations of Fe, Se and P significantly increased with increasing cancer stage in the hair of patients. The average concentration of k also significantly increased with increasing cancer stage in the nail of patients. The results of our study show that there is an association between the increase in Cu, K, Li, P, Se and Fe, and stomach cancer development. Our results reveal that the increase in the trace elements could be a potential diagnostic marker to predict cancer progression and its etiology. 相似文献
19.
利用同源克隆和RACE方法在商陆( Phytolacca acinosa )中得到一个推测的小G蛋白ArfGTPase激活蛋白 ArfGAP (ArfGTPase activating protein) 的全长cDNA序列 PaAGAP . PaAGAP 序列编码332个氨基酸.蛋白含有保守的锌指结构域(CX2CX16CX2C类)和C2结构域.实时荧光定量PCR表明在寒、旱、盐和重金属的不同时间胁迫下,PaAGAP可以被诱导,表达量有不同程度的上调.由此推测 PaAGAP 可能是通过快速启动转录和翻译,使ARF失活,抑制植物生长素极性运输,来参与植物逆境反应的. 相似文献
20.
Subhash C. Arya Nirmala Agarwal Beena Michael 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2014,29(4):510-513
Analytical functioning of a point-of-care analyzer, i-Smart 30 (i-sens: Seoul, South Korea), for electrolyte quantification was investigated at Sant Parmanand Hospital, a tertiary-care hospital in Delhi, India. Samples that were received for electrolyte assay were assayed, double-blinded for their Na and K level using the arterial blood gas analyzer, the ABL 555 (Radiometer, Copenhagen) and the i-Smart 30 electrolyte analyzer. There was satisfactory correlation between the results obtained with the two analyzers with an encouraging bias, standard deviation and the 95 % limits of agreement between the data generated for Na and K levels. The performance of the i-Smart 30 would be satisfactory during the point-of-care measurements of Na and K levels in emergency rooms and clinical laboratories with inadequate infrastructure only if its day-to-day performance was monitored to ensure reliability of the generated reports. 相似文献