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James Tooley 《牛津教育评论》2016,42(4):444-459
The affordability of private education is a contentious issue. While the extent of ‘low-cost’ private schooling is widely accepted, there is no agreement on what ‘low-cost’ means in this context and how this relates to affordability for poor families. This paper addresses the lacuna in the literature by defining ‘low-cost’ in relation to what poor families could afford if they were to send all their children to school while restricting their expenditure on schooling to a fixed proportion of their total family expenditure. This approach links the definition of ‘low-cost’ to internationally accepted poverty lines. Two examples from recent research in South Sudan and Liberia illustrate the flexibility of the new method. The paper also addresses the ‘conundrum’ in the research literature, which suggests low-cost private schools are unaffordable for poorest families, when the same literature typically shows some of the poorest using these schools. 相似文献
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This study introduces a pilot project—the creation of a Student and Family Office to reduce school violence—and suggests the benefits of the combined use of different strategies to decrease peer aggression and victimisation. The programme was implemented over a two-and-a-half-year period and included 132 Portuguese adolescents attending the third cycle of basic education. A considerable number of problematic situations, previously reported by students, changed after SFO intervention.. The results suggest that the local (universal and multimodal) intervention programme contributed to a decrease in harassment, coercion and aggressiveness, victimisation and reactive overt aggression rates, and also promoted the social and personal skills essential for successful interpersonal dynamics and peer conflict interventions. The implications for practice are discussed. 相似文献
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Eduardo Marti Merce Garcia-Mila Fernando Gabucio Katerina Konstantinidou 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》2011,26(2):215-234
Tables are a presentation format that is commonly used to organize information, and they are widely present in many scenarios
of our students’ everyday activities; however, there is a scarcity of studies devoted to their analysis. Some of these studies
point out that the organization of data into a double-entry table presents difficulties for primary and secondary school students.
The present study analyzes the following: (1) the level of competency of primary and secondary school students in constructing
a double-entry table from a set of data and (2) the main difficulties encountered by these students during the task. Our findings
showed that the percentage of middle-school students who succeeded in contructing a conventional table was relatively low,
and the number did not significantly increase over four school years. A set of difficulties is identified and discussed in
terms of cognitive and graphical processes. 相似文献
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During the past decade, both qualitative and quantitative research have documented strong feelings of fatalism amongst pupils enrolled in technical and vocational tracks in secondary education. Whereas those feelings have been shown to predict decreased school involvement and school misconduct, relatively little is known about their exact origins. In this paper, we explore to what extent they should be considered a stigma consciousness caused by the demeaning impact of perceived contempt to which pupils from technical and vocational tracks are exposed. Data from the International Civic and Citizenship Education Study from Flanders (the Dutch-speaking part of Belgium, N: 1967) were used to explore the distribution and consequences of perceived contempt with regard to one’s choice of study. About 20% of the pupils enrolled in technical and vocational education reported that some people looked down on them due to their studies. Moreover, even after taking into account different ability measures and social background characteristics, a strong direct relationship remained between perceived contempt and feelings of futility. In the conclusion, we elaborate on the implications of our findings. 相似文献
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Nijolė Burkšaitienė 《International Journal of Lifelong Education》2013,32(6):643-662
This article reports the results of the investigation into institutional support provided to adults by 12 novice consultants on assessment and recognition of their non-formal and informal learning in four institutions of higher education (HEIs) in Lithuania. Using the general systems perspective and perception theory, novice consultants’ perceptions of their experience of guiding and supporting adults was examined with the main aim to provide a better understanding of the challenges that they encountered and the benefits they gained so that to enhance the process. The method of content analysis was employed to investigate novice consultants’ perceptions. The results of their feedback responses revealed four major challenges, including the novelty of the procedure, complexity of the process of portfolio development, difficulty to raise adults’ awareness of the value of the procedure and difficulty to provide moral support to adults, which caused gaps in consultants’ performance. The established benefits included a better understanding of the process, benefits for their professional activity and personal development, improved competence to consult and an impact on the attitude towards others and self. The implications of the findings for fostering consultants’ training to enhance the process of institutional support provided to adults are discussed. 相似文献
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Karen Wotton 《高等教育研究与发展》1998,17(2):239-249
Skills in clinical decision‐making are integral to the efficiency and effectiveness of health‐care delivery. This article describes the use of case‐study method in order to develop skills in clinical decision‐making in students of nursing. A model of topic development is described. Aspects of topic development included: the selection of appropriate cases; the use of guidelines for analysis of cases and the development of interrelated formats for teaching. Data from student surveys on topic and lecturer evaluation indicated that, generally, students were satisfied with the teaching methodology. Student responses to a pre‐ and post‐test showed that they developed skills in clinical decision‐making. 相似文献
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Benjamin Triana 《Environmental Education Research》2016,22(2):248-270
This ethnography documents how the message of sustainability was interpreted and communicated through a sustainable agricultural (SAG) program at an American higher education institution. The ethnography documents the evolution of the program as the program tackled obstacles and accomplished its goals during the initial phases of the program’s development. A cultural communication framework is established in order to analyze the agitative, oppositional, intracommunal, and ritual communication utilized by the program’s members. The ethnography argues that the strategies and tactics employed by the SAG program alongside its curriculum and instruction are similar to the choices made by oppositional social movements. Findings reveal that when chosen and implemented intelligently, these strategies are as useful for a social movement within established academic institutions as they are for groups outside of them. The ethnography also highlights the importance of ritual communication as part of both education and social movement interactions. 相似文献
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《Teaching and Teacher Education》2002,18(4):469-482
Given the active presence of the American culture in Canada, this study was conducted to compare priorities given to a set of value orientations by Quebec physical education (PE) teachers and their American counterparts to determine if value orientations are prioritized similarly in both cultures. Results show that Quebec PE teachers prioritized value orientations differently than their American colleagues, Quebeckers giving high priority to the subject matter and low priority to social skills while the opposite was true for their American colleagues who gave high priority to social skills and low priority to the subject matter. 相似文献
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Diego Boerchi Semira Tagliabue 《International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance》2018,18(2):181-201
The object of this study was to assess students' perceptions of their parents’ career-related behaviours and their influence on the students’ behaviours. In study 1 (528 students), we developed the SIL Scale (support, interference and lack of engagement), a nine-item questionnaire applied to educational and job contexts. In study 2 (1204 students), we tested a person-centred approach and developed a new model called the WID Types (willing, involved and in difficulty), which identifies three clusters of students. The associations between the clusters and career choice difficulties, level of career exploration and stage of the vocational choice confirmed its validity. 相似文献
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《Journal of moral education》2012,41(2):201-224
The purpose of this study was to examine how moral reasoning develops for 236 students enrolled in either a diversity course or a management course. These courses were compared based on the level of diversity inclusion and type of pedagogy employed in the classroom. We used causal modelling to compare the two types of courses, controlling for the effects of demographic (i.e., race, gender), curricular (i.e., previous course-related diversity learning) and pedagogical (i.e., active learning) covariates. Results showed that students enrolled in the diversity course demonstrated higher levels of moral reasoning than students enrolled in the management course. In addition, results show that previous diversity courses as well as current enrolment in a diversity course contributed to moral reasoning gains. Implications are discussed. 相似文献
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Autumn Tooms Cyprès 《School Leadership & Management》2014,34(4):352-371
This is a look at the political games within games that are enmeshed in a high-profile, heavily funded, politically charged collaborative focused on preparing new school leaders between a large prestigious university and a circle of school leaders and policymakers. This case specifically considers how power and money corrupt the original vision and mission of a collaborative, in terms of its consideration of school and its purpose in society. 相似文献
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Teacher education all over Europe is increasingly becoming school‐based oriented. This implies new roles for those who support student teachers learning in school. This article describes the way four school‐based teacher educators fulfill their role as educators of student teachers who learn how to teach while participating in the workplace. Based on theoretical notions derived from the literature on teacher education and workplace learning, the Cognitive Apprenticeship Model was specified and used in a case study as a framework to describe the activity of these school‐based teacher educators. They use tools (e.g., apprenticeship assignments) developed within the teacher education institute and rely on their professional knowledge as experienced schoolteachers. This results in student teachers being provided with useful tricks which, however, hardly helps them to interpret and elaborate their experiences from a more conceptual or theoretical perspective. Also the possibilities of the social context of the school as a learning environment are not systematically used. 相似文献
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The teaching–research nexus and the importance of context: a comparative study of England and Sweden
John Taylor 《Compare》2008,38(1):53-69
The teaching–research nexus has been studied by many researchers, mainly looking at pedagogic links and direct benefits arising from the interaction of both activities. The paper takes a comparative approach, looking at the relationship between teaching and research in four universities from two different countries. This paper argues that contextual factors are vital in shaping the nature of the relationship and also identifies differences between disciplines in how these contextual factors may be understood. In particular, the contrasting structural and political contexts provided by two different national settings are seen to have a crucial role in shaping institutional activity. 相似文献
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《Studying Teacher Education》2013,9(3):296-307
ABSTRACTResearch on teacher emotion regulation is typically conducted by outsiders and focuses on how emotion is regulated. This self-study was conducted by a practicing teacher to explore the lived experience of teacher emotion regulation and the many influences that inspire the need for such regulation. Throughout a 14-week semester, daily “in-the-moment” recordings of emotion were collected as they arose, and analyzed weekly. With a critical friend, further analysis was conducted to explore the genesis of the emotion as well as the response and possible alternatives. We believe that understanding the experience of the emotion is possibly more important than how it is regulated. Through reflection, this teacher began to resolve deeper issues that had evoked negative emotions, which shifted her approach to difficult situations and reduced the amount of negative emotions experienced. We conclude that the research on emotion regulation should focus on understanding the underlying issue triggering the emotion than on controlling the emotions displayed. 相似文献
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作为文化上处于劣势的性别,女性积极追求爱与性的权利通常被剥夺,正如《牡丹亭》和《莎乐美》所揭示的,当有个别女性起来反抗时,会遭到各方面的抵制。东方女性杜丽娘郁郁寡欢,终其一生,而西方的莎乐美则能够大胆追求自身欲望。然而,她们的爱有殊途,情却同归,在死亡面前真正得到了考验。 相似文献