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我国的原油定价机制尚缺乏研究。回归检验了Minas原油至我国大庆原油的价格传导关系．讨论了大庆原油价格的形成特点，并归纳出国内外油价波动传导路径。尽管原油价格之间具有长期一致性．但背离指标揭示了Minas原油价格具有异常波动频繁而剧烈的短期特征．这种蕴舍风险的价格变化同样反映在大庆原油的价格上。进而分析了油价波动对经济运行的不利影响．提出了改进我国原油定价机制的建议。 相似文献
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减排成本是影响温室气体减排活动的一个关键因素。考虑到能源价格是影响减排成本的最主要的因素之一,本研究将中国的能源定价机制引入到所构建的中国能源与环境政策分析模型(CEEPA);运用改进的CEE-PA模型模拟中国不同能源定价机制情景下的边际减排成本;对国际能源价格波动对中国边际减排成本的影响进行了分析。结果表明,我国的边际减排成本对电力和成品油的定价方式是比较敏感的,放开这两种能源的定价特别是电价机制的市场化改革能推动我国边际减排成本的有效降低。不同能源的国际价格对我国边际减排成本的影响呈现很大的不同,国际能源价格上涨和下降对我国边际减排成本的影响具有对称性。 相似文献
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随着我国对外开放水平的提高,国内物价水平极易受国际市场价格波动的影响.在理论分析的基础上,选取2006-2012年有关变量,对大宗商品价格影响我国物价水平的效应进行实证分析.经研究发现,豆粕、铁矿石、原油3种大宗商品价格受到一个价格变动1％的上涨冲击后,能够引起CPI指数最大变动效应分别为0.145％、0.1％和0.141％,且豆粕和原油具有长期正向效应,铁矿石具有短期正向效应,大宗商品价格变动对我国CPI指数的影响不容忽视,理应受到政策制定者的关注. 相似文献
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《资源科学》2017,(6)
21世纪初期,原油价格经历了暴涨暴跌的巨幅波动,中国原油消费量同时逐年上涨,国际原油价格波动对中国经济发展的影响成为了关注热点。基础工业是发展工业、尤其是重工业的物质基础,对国民经济发展起着举足轻重的作用。中国的六大基础工业的发展与原油价格息息相关,研究原油价格对中国基础工业的影响十分必要。本文采用CARR模型和CCF检验法,研究了2005年1月4日至2014年7月31日期间油价冲击与中国六大基础工业的信息溢出效应。实证结果表明:(1)中国电力及公用事业、钢铁、机械、基础化工、煤炭、石油石化六大基础工业均显著地受到原油价格波动的影响;(2)中国电力及公用事业、钢铁、机械、基础化工与原油价格存在双向均值溢出效应和方差溢出效应;(3)对于煤炭行业,存在由原油市场到煤炭行业的单向均值溢出效应和单向方差溢出效应;(4)对于石油石化行业,存在由原油市场到石油石化行业的单向均值溢出效应和双向方差溢出效应;(5)从10个滞后阶数的显著性水平分析,中国基础工业与原油市场之间的信息溢出效应并不是十分稳定。 相似文献
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中国是世界铁矿石第一进口国和消费国,然而长期以来面临着定价权缺失问题。通过定价机制改革,掌握铁矿石定价权是保障中国资源安全战略的重要科学问题。文章以2009年铁矿石由长期协议定价机制向短期协议定价机制改革为参考点,采用以断点回归模型为核心的研究方法,选取2005年7月至2019年3月的相关月度数据,对铁矿石定价机制改革与中国铁矿石进口价格波动的因果关联进行实证分析。结果表明：①短期协议定价机制的引入与国内进口铁矿石价格波动密切相关,在短期内能有效抑制价格的大幅上涨,经测算,定价机制转型能够降低国内进口铁矿石价格6.06%~18%;②短期协议定价机制改革在短期不能抑制国际铁矿石价格;③在定价机制冲击铁矿石进口价格过程中,内生性因素影响较小。基于以上结论,本文建议应继续加大对短期定价机制的创新力度;发挥中国铁矿石短期定价机制改革的羊群效应,以协同增加同铁矿石供应商协商的议价权;针对国际市场变化情况灵活调整定价机制,强化在国际铁矿石市场的议价能力。 相似文献
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国际油价与原油进口的相关关系问题历来备受关注。基于线性模型的传统研究显示,中国原油进口的价格弹性远远低于其他国家的估计范围,而已有的研究很难完全解释这一问题。考虑到经典线性模型很可能掩盖了两者真正的关联机制,本文将从非对称效应的角度解释这一"低弹性之谜"。首先利用非线性检验确认了传统向量自回归模型中的非线性成分,然后建立平滑转换向量自回归模型(LSTVAR)刻画国际油价与原油进口的动态关联机制。广义脉冲响应函数(GIRF)显示,油价冲击对原油进口的影响存在两个维度的非对称效应。首先是正负油价冲击效应的非对称性,特别是在"经济低速发展阶段"表现得尤为显著,油价下跌对原油进口的影响要比油价上涨时的影响更强;其次是不同发展阶段的效应非对称性,无论对于何种冲击,在"经济低速发展阶段",原油进口对油价变化的反应程度都要比"经济高速发展阶段"的反应程度更加剧烈。本文在两个层次上揭示了油价冲击的非对称效应,进而较为成功地解开了原油进口的"低弹性之谜",这对于政府在不同经济环境下差异化定向制定相应的原油进口策略和宏观调控政策具有重要启示意义。 相似文献
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本文通过比较原油价格变动对中国与西方发达国家经济增长影响,建立了原油价格变动影响经济增长的国际传导机制模型,研究结论包括:(1)当期原油价格上涨对中国经济增长率有显著的负向影响;(2)当期原油价格上涨对西方七国增长率有正向影响,不过这个结论在统计上不显著;(3)滞后1、2期的原油价格上涨对当期西方国家经济增长率有显著的负向影响;(4)当期中国经济结构变动在5%的显著性水平下影响中国经济增长率,在10%的显著性水平下影响西方七国经济增长率;(5)中国经济增长率对西方国家的经济增长有长期的正向影响,影响时间持续3年以上;(6)西方七国经济增长对中国经济增长有负向影响,影响时期持续两年以上。根据上述结论本文认为稳定的原油价格是中国和西方国家的共同责任,因为彼此的利益已经如此紧密相联。 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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A research group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol-a chemical found in the skins of red grapes in red wine-can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin according to a report in the October issue of Cell Metabolism.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):14-15
Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said. 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
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Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
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Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献
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Active biological molecules functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery disease diagnosis therapy new nanodevice construction.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):22-22
Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(3)
<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence 相似文献