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1.
In 1988 UAJ completed the first phase of its initial plan, thus enabling an assessment of the cost-effectiveness of UAJ and a forecast of its future based on available data. The cost per student at UAJ is 2/5, 1/2, and 3/4 of that at national, public, and day programs of private universities, and 1.1 times and 6.7 times of that at evening and correspondence programs of private universities repectively. The projected cost per graduate is slightly lower than that at national universities and 1.1, 1.9 and 2.3 times of that at public, correspondence and day, and evening programs of private universities respectively. The cost per credit is 1.3, 1.5, 2.2, 2.4 and 4.6 times of national and public universities, day, evening, and correspondence programs of private universities respectively.The simulations indicate that the cost per credit can be decreased by expanding the operation of UAJ to a nationwide scale, employing a surface circuit or satellite system; however, it is necessary that the number of students be doubled in order to make the cost per credit equivalent to that at public universities. However, even when the number of students is four times, the cost per credit is not equivalent to that at day programs of private universities regardless of what method is used. Although the current cost per credit is higher than that of conventional universities, changes in cummunication technology and student characteristics could alter the cost-effectiveness of UAJ. 相似文献
2.
The University of the Air of Japan (UAJ) was founded with the idea of creating a university that is open to everybody in the country. In order to realize this objective, the university will expand its operation so it can provide education nationwide. However, the nationwide expansion will require many resources to be created and maintained. It is necessary to assess the effects of the education of UAJ to justify the expansion of its operation.This study aims at quantitative evaluation of the monetary and nonmonetary effects of the education offered by UAJ. In order to find the educational effects, questionnaires were sent to the UAJ graduates, and the responses were analyzed. Monetary effects were expressed by human capital value calculated with the data on the annual earnings of the graduates. When the UAJ graduates were compared with general workers that have the same educational background as that of the UAJ graduates before the enrollment, the graduates of UAJ have more human capital value than the general workers. However, the human capital value of the UAJ graduates who had not received a college degree before the enrollment is smaller than that of the graduates of conventional universities. In respect of nonmonetary effects, the UAJ is most likely to have impacts that are different from those of conventional universities because of the varied characteristics of the UAJ students. Therefore, we set the categories of the students' expectations from the gathered data, and attempt to determine if the university is meeting the needs of the students. As a result, it was made clear that UAJ education does meet students' expectations of cultivation and convenient study conditions, but does not satisfy their expectations of occupational advancement. 相似文献
3.
The economics of the University of the Air of Japan 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Hiromitsu Muta 《Higher Education》1985,14(3):269-296
According to the present plan, the enrollment of the University of the Air of Japan will be approximately 30,000 students when it reaches its steady state. Its current expenditure is estimated to be Yen4.1 billion at 1979 prices; adding the annual cost of facilities and equipment and the service that the National Center for Development of Broadcast Education performs for the university, the total amounts to Yen 5.0–7.1 billion. Adding this to the students' study expenses, Yen 6.7–8.7 billion will be required to operate the university. About 50–60% of the cost will be borne by the national treasury. The current expenditure of the university is estimated to be Yen 171,000–237,000 per equivalent undergraduate.As compared with the current expenditure in the humanities and social sciences programs of conventional universities, the academic structures of which are similar to that of the University of the Air of Japan, the current expenditure per equivalent undergraduate is estimated to be 1/4, 1/3, and 2/3 of that at national universities, public universities and day programs of private universities, respectively, and equal to that of evening programs of private universities.From the viewpoint of cost per graduate, it is equal to that of evening programs of private universities, their day programs, public universities, and national universities, when the graduation rate is 60%, 50%, 25%, and 20%, respectively. 相似文献
4.
In this paper, we report on a study of 1510 undergraduates from five national universities in Taiwan, and we show that compared to “non-prestigious” universities, a larger proportion of students at prestigious universities come from middle and high socioeconomic classes and a smaller proportion experience financial insecurity These results are timely in the wake of Taiwan's expansion in the number of universities and of university students. At non-prestigious universities, a higher percentage of students experience economic constraints, spend several hours per week engaged in paid employment during their university studies, and have parents who did not go to college. These different characteristics of the student bodies at elite and non-elite institutions of higher education may create quite different university contexts, which may in turn affect students’ college experiences, professional choices, and opportunities in the future. 相似文献
5.
杨中华 《深圳职业技术学院学报》2013,12(2):46-51
我国广播电视大学经过30多年的发展,目前遇到了发展瓶颈,在普通高校、高职院校和社会办学力量的多重夹击下,生源数量和质量明显下滑。本文对广播电视大学与社会经济的互动关系的探讨,并通过对湖北近年来生源信息的定量分析,指出一方面要抓住富余劳动力从第一产业向第二产业迁移,农村劳动力向第二产业和第三产业转移的机遇,为大力发展成人教育提供了生源保障;另一方面,需要积极探索广播电视大学转型为开放大学的新途径。 相似文献
6.
姜楠 《漯河职业技术学院学报》2021,(1)
随着互联网信息技术的进步,行业与"互联网+"相融合都有了新的发展。学生管理是高校工作的重点,必须根据"互联网+"的时代要求不断创新,丰富学生管理的工作内容和形式,加强学生管理的信息化水平,进一步完善高校学生管理的机制,更好地提升高校学生管理的水平。 相似文献
7.
学风是一所大学精神文化的主要体现,如何抓好学风建设是当前高校面临的重要任务之一。学生社团干部作为一群来源于学生、具有良好群众基础的团体,在学风建设中有独特的优势。本文将分析如何通过加强学生社团干部队伍建设、利用学生干部引领“思潮”,切实发挥学生社团干部在学风建设中的作用。 相似文献
8.
促进高校联盟主体间信任是区块链在高等教育领域应用热点。以EduCTX项目为例,阐述基于区块链的跨校学分管理系统业务模型、技术模型,总结优缺点与面临的挑战。EduCTX项目以学分登记、跨校转移、证伪为核心业务,以高校、学生、雇主为服务对象,构建以ARK技术、Dpos共识机制、Github开源平台为基础的六层开放联盟式学分管理区块链系统。区块链去中心化特征与高校松散联盟需求相契合,分布式账本增强教育合作的信任感,降低成本。但也存在学分可交易性差,使之很难形成有效激励机制,对高校与学生不可信任的预设有悖于学校立德树人使命,学分记录永久不变不利于实现终身学习等问题。 相似文献
9.
The economics of the open university 总被引：2，自引：3，他引：2
Leslie Wagner 《Higher Education》1972,1(2):159-183
10.
John Simister 《Higher Education Quarterly》2011,65(2):113-144
This article summarises previous academic research into university education, distinguishing between arguments for and against improving access. Several views are summarised, including structural‐functionalism, which claims that powerful social groups maintain their status and income, and human capital theory, which focuses on employee productivity. Almost all viewpoints discussed in this article support meritocracy. UK universities differ in their openness to people from disadvantaged backgrounds. Many universities, referred to here as ‘inclusive’, deserve credit for encouraging disadvantaged people to become students; in contrast, ‘exclusive’ universities tend to have fewer disadvantaged students than expected. There are barriers facing disadvantaged students, including unequal access to universities, which can at least partly be explained by private schools for rich pupils and financial burdens at university causing some students to take paid work (reducing time available for study). The UK spends less per student on universities than the world average and less than half as much as some European countries. The UK Government could increase university funding, concentrating on universities that are most inclusive and that tend to have the largest problems in affording sufficient staff and teaching facilities. This investment would give long‐term benefits to the UK economy. 相似文献
11.
杨日晨 《常熟理工学院学报》2012,(6):18-20
随着学分制实施和普及,高校原有的学生管理工作模式可能会出现一些问题。本文在分析学分制实行给高校学生管理工作带来弊病的基础上,诠释学分制下高校学生学业预警机制的系统模式,并阐述如何构建新的学生管理模式。希望借此促进高校教学管理事业工作。 相似文献
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13.
美国的软硬实力取决于经济实力,经济实力来源于科学优势,而科学优势和创新能力产生于美国大学。美国研究型大学是吸引世界各地最杰出学生的“磁石”,滞留的学生促进美国经济发展,归国的学生充当美国的“大使”。研究型大学拓宽学生概念的内涵,向全世界专业人士提供领导教育。了解外国文化和价值,应成为学生学位课程的一个组成部分。大学已经变成解决全球变暖威胁问题的实验室,专门论证技术上可能、经济上可行的问题解决方案。 相似文献
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15.
Universities aim to provide services that are not only beneficial to students but also efficient relative to possible alternative services. Using opportunity cost, this study considers staff and student perceptions of the usefulness and valuation of web-based lecture technology (WBLT). It reveals that a quarter of students did not use WBLT while many staff members thought WBLT had a negative impact on their face-to-face teaching. Further, over a third of students sampled said they would not be affected if WBLT were not made available and many staff members felt constrained by WBLT technology. Some staff members spent a lot of time preparing WBLT while others eschewed the technology altogether. Nevertheless, a relatively small number of students place enormous value on WBLT, as do some staff, even if only simple audio of lectures are provided. The academic policy implications of this study suggest that university provision of WBLT could take into account the opportunity cost of WBLT use as a valuation-basis, possibly recovering costs through extra fees. This would allow for improved decision-making by university administrators and facilitate a move towards a useful measurement basis of WBLT. A wider academic policy implication is to consider whether all universities should produce and deliver WBLT at all and to what extent it should encourage staff to develop enhanced WBLT. Provision of sophisticated WBLT or any other service for students bears an opportunity cost in terms of less preparation by staff for face-to-face lessons or other effective teaching or research. 相似文献
16.
研究生个人教育成本的实证研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
自上世纪80年代初以来，国内已有不少学定量测算了大学生个人直接教育成本和间接教育成本，但对研究生个人直接教育成本和间接教育成本的定量研究，似乎较为少见。本运用教育经济学的有关理论和方法，定量测算了2003年复旦大学研究生个人直接成本和间接成本。其结果为：(1)对于统招和定向培养的研究生而言，其个人年度直接教育成本为2114．92元，其个人年度间接教育成本为35857．48元，个人年度直接教育成本和间接教育成本之和为37972．4元；(2)对于自费和委培研究生而言，其个人年度直接教育成本为10768．49元，个人年度间接教育成本为35857．48元，个人年度直接教育成本和间接教育成本之和为46625．97元。 相似文献
17.
开展创业教育,构建大学生创业人才培养模式 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
刘东菊 《扬州大学学报(高教研究版)》2007,11(2):67-70
随着高校扩招和社会就业压力的增大,高校毕业生就业难的问题日益突出。解决大学生就业难问题,创业教育必然受到关注。在我国高校中开展创业教育,仍需面对许多现实问题,如大学生缺乏创业意识、教师缺少创业经验、学校缺少引领大学生创业的机制、创业课程设置不合理及教材缺乏、社会缺少应有的导向机制等等。尽管如此,开展创业教育,构建大学生创业人才培养模式,真正实现大学生自主创业仍必将成为我国高校实施人才培养战略的重要举措。 相似文献
18.
Since 2010, the Higher Education Participation and Partnerships Program (HEPPP) has provided funding for Australian universities to ‘raise aspiration’ among under-represented groups. Underpinned by utilitarian discourses of human capital and individual capacitation, these resources have transformed the ways that universities seek to engage prospective students. This paper turns to an overlooked cohort that is integral to widening participation initiatives, but has rarely been the focus of research. These are the student ambassadors – university students who work within HEPPP programs. This paper reports findings from the alumni component of a mixed-method study which examines how widening participation programs, which are ostensibly directed at future university enrolments, might also help university students who work as student ambassadors to become successful professionals and citizens once they graduate from university. Alumni accounts of their experiences and self-reported impact of their ambassador work advocate a more holistic view of graduate success and how activities beyond mandatory coursework can contribute to success beyond university graduation. Evidence from student ambassador alumni suggests that these positive impacts are broad and long-lasting, contributing to students’ professional successes and personal lives. 相似文献
19.
学生资助和高等教育机会均等(续2)——对中日美3国的比较分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本期主要讨论日本、中国的学费和学生资助状况。在日本,学费上涨很快,但是学生资助制度没有及时得到完善。国家财政提供的资助主要通过日本学生资助机构办理。该资助属贷款而不是赠予,学生在毕业后必须偿还。多数私立大学虽设立了具有其特色的奖助贷学金,但获资助学生非常少。即便是日本国立大学的学生,其教育费负担也很重。在中国,公立大学的学费飞速上涨。虽然中国的学生资助类型多样,但是赠予型多用于奖优,助贫主要靠贷款,借贷学生的偿还压力很大。中日两国都有待于进一步改善其教育机会均等化政策。 相似文献
20.
以学科结构为切入点,归纳出我国博士研究生的发展现状为扩张、调整和分化,并通过梳理大学学科与学术职业的关系,分析出我国学术职业竞争将会愈演愈烈,而博士研究生进入学术职业的可能性跟学科与大学的依赖程度有关。 相似文献