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1.
Martin Carnoy Isak Froumin Prashant K. Loyalka Jandhyala B. G. Tilak 《Higher Education》2014,68(3):359-378
Because higher education serves both public and private interests, the way it is conceived and financed is contested politically, appearing in different forms in different societies. What is public and private in education is a political–social construct, subject to various political forces, primarily interpreted through the prism of the state. Mediated through the state, this construct can change over time as the economic and social context of higher education changes. In this paper, we analyze through the state’s financing of higher education how it changes as a public/private good and the forces that impinge on states to influence such changes. To illustrate our arguments, we discuss trends in higher education financing in the BRIC countries—Brazil, Russia, India, and China. We show that in addition to increased privatization of higher education financing, BRIC states are increasingly differentiating the financing of elite and non-elite institutions. 相似文献
2.
近年来,随着我国高等教育规模的不断扩大,高等教育经费供给不足和财政拨款压力过大成为突出问题,多渠道筹资成为高等教育发展的客观选择.为进一步完善我国高等教育筹资机制,从财政政策的视角分析,我国应从发行高等教育专项国债、引入教育凭证拨款机制、在基础设施建设中引入BOT模式和发行教育彩票等方面进行制度创新. 相似文献
3.
高等教育市场化是当代西方高等教育发展的重要趋势,20世纪80年代撒切尔政府开始大幅削减高等教育经费,英国高校为求生存不得不走向市场化改革之路。英国高等教育市场化趋向表现为:实行高等教育成本分担,改革高等教育拨款方式,拓宽高等教育筹资渠道,建立创业型大学等。这些举措既弥补了高等教育经费的不足,也极大地增强了高等院校的活力和独立性。 相似文献
4.
Reyer Brons 《Higher Education Quarterly》1990,44(2):142-153
Who pays whom for what, is a fundamental question in the structure of higher education finding. This article starts with the construction of a Frame of reference to describe the parties involved in higher education, the flows of lnoney between them and their relations. The usefullness of this frame Will be shown by projecting some existing financing systems and by describing current changes in financing systems. In order to judge a certain financing system one needs critetia. These critetia we define in terms of goals, results and costs. They differ for each of the parties involved in higher education. They are treated in relation to the structure of the financial flows. 相似文献
5.
This article provides information on trends in formal and informal adult education in Italy, with a particular focus on the older learners (over 65). Main providers, programs, objectives/motivations, and financial and legal framework are described. In general, over-65-year-old people were found to be underrepresented in participation. They were also concentrated in activities of informal education (through, for example, Third Age Universities) instead of formal courses that are oriented mainly towards the development of skills/competencies for the labor market. In order to improve the situation of older people in the future, the question of financing is one of the main challenges to be addressed by policymakers. 相似文献
6.
The co-ordination, control and financing mechanisms for higher education institutions have been the subject of ongoing political
analysis and technical debate within university systems over recent years. The interrelationships between governments (as
the ones in charge of university policy), universities and society have in recent years undergone a restatement process, due
principally to the widespread changes that have occurred in the higher education environment. In this context, the university
system of Catalonia (Spain's most advanced and dynamic autonomous region) has, since 1997, been undergoing a new co-ordination
experience between the government and universities centred around the programme-based contract formula, which has opened the
way to a new system of financing and control of academic outputs for universities. The object of this paper is to critically
analyse this experience (completely new to the Spanish university scene) in order to draw conclusions from the debate in progress
on higher education co-ordination, financing and university autonomy.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
7.
Alberto De Mello E Souza 《Higher Education》1991,21(2):223-233
The evolution of higher education in Brazil is described and proposals for its reform analysed. Enrollment growth in the 1970s favoured private institutions and most of the expansion was absorbed by private non-university establishments. The article next examines the financing of higher education in Brazil before turning to efficiency and equity issues. To improve the latter more students from low-income families must complete secondary education and have access to good-quality subsidized higher education. A system of loans and of scholarships for the needy is suggested for a system in which the inequity problems at higher education are a consequence of inefficiencies at the basic education level. 相似文献
8.
成本控制和融资管理的研究是高等教育研究的崭新领域，但却是高校管理工作的薄弱环节，存在着教育成本外无压力内无动力的情况，这不利于构建以政府投入为主的融资体系。要改变这种状况。高校的管理干部必须以科学发展观为指导。借助成本控制的理论，正确处理成本与融资的关系。拓宽融资渠道。使高校规模、数量、质量、效益协调发展。办人民满意的高等教育。 相似文献
9.
林素 《新疆职业大学学报》2007,15(4):33-36
本文围绕新疆高校贷款筹资办学的风险问题,探讨防范新疆高校负债风险的对策,通过拓展高校融资渠道增强高校融资能力来解决高校资金紧缺问题,从而达到降低债务风险的目的。 相似文献
10.
张宏军 《河南职业技术师范学院学报(职业教育版)》2006,(5):22-24
高等教育市场化筹资是其缓解经费短缺、实现自身健康发展的需要。高等教育的市场化进程，正在促使高等教育的筹资和融资方式发生新的变化。本文在分析高等教育市场化筹资可行性的基础上，提出了高等教育市场化筹资的基本方式。 相似文献
11.
Josep Vilalta 《Tertiary Education and Management》2013,19(1):9-22
Abstract The co‐ordination, control and financing mechanisms for higher education institutions have been the subject of ongoing political analysis and technical debate within university systems over recent years. The interrelationships between governments (as the ones in charge of university policy), universities and society have in recent years undergone a restatement process, due principally to the widespread changes that have occurred in the higher education environment. In this context, the university system of Catalonia (Spain's most advanced and dynamic autonomous region) has, since 1997, been undergoing a new co‐ordination experience between the government and universities centred around the programme‐based contract formula, which has opened the way to a new system of financing and control of academic outputs for universities. The object of this paper is to critically analyse this experience (completely new to the Spanish university scene) in order to draw conclusions from the debate in progress on higher education co‐ordination, financing and university autonomy. 相似文献
12.
13.
CHRISTOPHER MARTIN 《Journal of Philosophy of Education》2016,50(3):351-370
The orthodox view on higher education financing is that students should bear some of the costs of attending and, where necessary, meet that cost through debt financing. New economic realties, including protracted economic slowdown and increasing austerity of the state with respect to the public funding of goods and services has meant that the same generation who have to borrow the most in order to attend face significantly fewer employment prospects upon graduation. In this context, is the current approach of shifting the costs of post‐secondary education from the general public to individual students justified? Most debate on the issue has focused on the demands of distributive justice within the modern higher education system and on the whole accepts the idea that students ought to pay. I argue that distributive arguments alone are insufficient because they tacitly endorse the provision of higher education as being much like a consumer's choice. As an alternative, I explore the place and importance of higher education in supporting personal autonomy as a central liberal democratic value. I then argue that debt financing of higher education places unreasonable constraints on student's choices with respect to the kind of democratic citizens that they would otherwise aspire to be. This constraint has negative implications for the wellbeing of individual students and the larger society. 相似文献
14.
This paper explores the higher education financing policy in Morocco in light of the central issue of equity. First, it surveys
the current situation, using a critical approach to the present financing policy, and looking at the three dimensions of adequacy,
efficiency, and equity. Second, it describes the principal policy challenges in financing higher education. Third, it presents
several public policy proposals likely to bring changes to the financing policy in order to meet these challenges. The analysis
shows that the sustainability and the equity of the current financing system are undermined by the dysfunctions introduced
by the private/public split in the higher education system and the lack of a clear political strategy pertaining to the medium
of instruction. 相似文献
15.
Interrogating institutionalized establishments: urban–rural inequalities in China’s higher education
China’s urban–rural disparities are a fundamental source of China’s overall educational inequalities. This article addresses the issue with data collected through interviews with members at various Chinese higher education institutions. It interrogates China’s current policies together with the socio-political institutional arrangements that underlie them and assesses the effectiveness of existing schemes to support higher education students. Based on China’s experience, it challenges market transition theory’s claim and debates the classical economic theory which postulates that expansion of education will reduce inequality. Believing that the educational gap is only part of China’s urban–rural disparities, of which many resulted from social institutional arrangements, it calls for changes to established institutions and a reconsideration of the role of private financing mainly through tuition fees. 相似文献
16.
In times of rapid technological and organisational change, it is argued that lifelong further education becomes more and more important for labour market success. Especially in labour market segments for the highly qualified, it is essential to constantly update one's qualifications. This is reflected in the finding that graduates with tertiary education are closely involved in further training measures at the beginning of their life courses. Almost all take part in at least one further training measure in the first five years after graduation. The further education strategies of higher education graduates, however, vary greatly in terms of frequency of participation, duration of measures, financing of the measure and the type of skills acquired. Using a German graduate panel which traces a sample of graduates up to five years after they obtained their degree in 1997 (HIS Absolventenpanel), we analyse which of these strategies are most successful in terms of wages. Using random effect panel models, we find — controlling for a variety of other factors — that the frequency of participation in further education only has a significant positive influence on male graduates' wages. Moreover, it is mainly measures paid exclusively by the employer and courses directed at personality development, i.e. management skills, which have substantial wage premiums. 相似文献
17.
中国的民办高等教育经过20多年的发展,已经成为中国高等教育事业的重要组成部分。但是也存在一些问题,资金的筹措始终是困扰民办高等教育存在发展的主要难题之一。本文希望通过借鉴国外私立高校成功的筹资方式,能够拓宽中国民办高等教育的资金来源渠道,促进民办高等教育乃至整个中国高等教育的发展。 相似文献
18.
未来我国普通高等教育经费投入结构分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
依据我国高等教育经费投入总量的科学预测,对未来普通高等教育经费投入结构的发展态势进行了系统分析,以期为合理地制定教育发展战略提供依据。未来五年普通高等教育经费投入主体多元化趋势明显;政府财政性教育经费投入持续下降,非财政性教育经费投入将起到主导作用;普通高等教育非财政性经费内部投入结构呈现不合理趋势,社会教育经费投入应成为高等教育经费投入主体。 相似文献
19.
面对经济危机给公立高校造成的经费困境,美国联邦政府积极调整高等教育财政政策,通过加大高等教育投入、改进高校学生财政资助政策、加大对高校基础科研和科技创新的经费拨款、推动以职业教育为导向的两年制学院发展等措施,美国的高等教育取得了长足的发展。在我国正式颁布《国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要》,并着手制定＂十二五＂教育规划的过程中,我国的高等教育财政政策应借鉴＂他山之石＂,作出战略性、前瞻性的部署。 相似文献
20.
Throughout the world, the financing of education is in a state of crisis, a condition made even more acute by the simultaneous appearance of a doctrinal crisis with regard to the ends and the utility of education. For European higher education, the situation calls for the diversification of funding mechanisms. The public authorities which up until now have born most of the burden of higher education financing must transfer a goodly portion of the burden to users, i.e., students and parents, and to the private sector. Various methods for financial diversification are explored as well as different formulae for user‐financing. 相似文献