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《黑龙江科技信息》2018,(29)
利用NCEP/NCAR再分析逐月地表气压数据,通过经验正交函数分解(EOF)的方法,对1979-2017年夏季北亚地区地表气压的主模态进行了分析。北亚地区大气质量变异主要存在四种模态,它们解释了总方差的82.41%。EOF1表现为贝加尔湖以南地区的负异常与北亚其他地区的正异常;EOF2则表现为西西伯利亚平原的大气质量的负异常与其他地区的正异常;EOF3中北亚地区大气质量南北异相分布;EOF4中从西至东,大气质量分布表现为"负正负"的分布特征。且四个主模态所对应的时间序列均有年际变化。下一步将继续利用NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,探究大气质量变异的各个模态与大尺度大气环流的联系。 相似文献
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利用全球气溶胶监测网(AERONET)观测资料,借助平面平行辐射传输模式,计算兰州大学半干旱气候与环境观测站(SACOL)、香河站和太湖站多年晴空条件下的气溶胶直接辐射强迫.结果表明,SACOL、香河和太湖地区大气层顶气溶胶日平均直接辐射强迫分别为(-7.2±7.1)、(-11.7±9.5)和(-14.9±8.3)W/m2,地表处分别为(-21.9±12.2)、(-36.5±29.5)和(-42.2±21.0)W/m2,大气中分别为(14.7±9.7)、(24.8±23.0)和(27.3±16.5)W/m2.香河站和太湖站气溶胶对地表的降温和大气的增温大于SACOL站.地表和大气中辐射强迫对气溶胶光学厚度的变化敏感,而大气层顶处敏感性较弱.沙尘气溶胶直接辐射强迫大于所有气溶胶的平均值,且对地表降温和大气增温更明显. 相似文献
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塔克拉玛干沙漠北缘地表反照率特征及参数化研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用塔克拉玛干沙漠北缘肖塘站观测资料,分析了地表反照率变化特征及影响因子,找出了土壤湿度临界点,分别拟合出地表反照率与太阳高度角、2.5cm土壤湿度经验公式,讨论了地表反照率参数化方案,运用CoLM陆面过程模式进行了Off-line试验,并与观测数据进行了对比。结果表明,肖塘地区地表反照率冬季大、夏季小,年平均值为0.27。太阳高度角≥15°时地表反照率趋于一个常数,且与太阳高度角满足指数函数关系。不同天气下地表反照率不同,雨天减小,雪天增大。晴空指数≤0.3时,地表反照率波动很大。肖塘地区地表反照率与太阳高度角和土壤湿度拟合效果不好;随2m气温和地表温度升高基本呈减小趋势,但不明显。土壤湿度对肖塘地区地表反照率年内变化没有影响,只对日变化有影响,且地表反照率对0.097~0.13范围内的浅层土壤湿度响应敏感。CoLM原模式模拟的净辐射、感热通量和地表温度平均日变化与观测数据有较好的一致性。地表反照率参数化方案改为0.27后,CoLM模式对净辐射平均日变化正午前后的模拟与观测基本一致;对地表温度平均日变化模拟得到改善,平均峰值低估0.51℃;地表反照率参数化后CoLM模式对感热通量平均日变化模拟能力没有提高。 相似文献
4.
本文采用1948～2003年NCEP／NCAR再分析资料中的逐月地表温度（skt）资料和大气温度（air）场资料,运用相关系数分析方法,求出东亚地区地表温度年（季）区域平均和大气温度场季平均的相关情况,结果表明：（1）地表温度与气温场的相关随高度变化,高度越高,相关越小;（2）地表温度年（季）区域平均值与各格点气温季平均的相关在0～20°N和40°～60°N较好;（3）地表温度年（季）区域平均值与各格点气温季平均的相关在春季青藏高原地区呈负相关。 相似文献
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《内蒙古科技与经济》2019,(21)
利用内蒙古107个国家级气象站1961年～2016年夏季(6月～8月)逐月降水量资料,NCEP/NCAR再分析月平均高度场、海温场数据以及130项环流指数资料,对内蒙古自治区2016年夏季降水的异常状况及其成因进行了分析。 相似文献
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NCEP/NCAR再分析数据在风能资源评估中的应用研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
规划风电场短期测风数据的测试相关预测（Measure-Correlate-Predict MCP）是反映风电场风能长期平均水平的主要技术手段,对于预测规划风电场代表年年发电量具有重要意义。然而工程实践中,气象站长期参考数据常受到各类客观因素的影响,数据质量不能满足MCP要求,进而造成对规划风电场风能资源的错误评估。NCEP/NCAR数据是由美国环境预报中心(NCEP)和国家大气研究中心(NCAR)联合推出的再分析数据集,该数据作为一种可替代的长期参考数据得到了广泛的应用。本文对NCEP/NCAR数据在风能资源评估中的应用进行研究,提出了适用于该数据的MCP分析方法——风指数法。通过算例分析后发现,以NCEP/NCAR再分析数据为长期参考数据,风指数法为计算方法的短期测风数据MCP分析原则具有较高的可靠性和工程实用价值。 相似文献
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《内江科技》2020,(7)
本文利用MODIS 3 km AOD产品对2015年福州地区PM_(2.5)浓度进行遥感估算,结果表明卫星遥感AOD和PM_(2.5)浓度之间的相关系数为0.316。由于AOD和PM_(2.5)浓度受气候条件的影响,因此本文基于MODIS 3 km AOD,进一步构建了线性混合效应模型(LME)来估算福州地区的近地面PM_(2.5)浓度。结果表明,由LME模型估算的PM_(2.5)浓度值和地面监测值的相关系数达到了0.89。研究结果表明,基于MODIS 3 km AOD估算地面PM_(2.5)浓度的LME模型能较好地应用于城市地区的PM_(2.5)监测。 相似文献
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A research group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol-a chemical found in the skins of red grapes in red wine-can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin according to a report in the October issue of Cell Metabolism.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):14-15
Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Active biological molecules functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery disease diagnosis therapy new nanodevice construction.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):22-22
Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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Leah A. Lievrouw 《The Information Society》2000,16(2):155-159
This essay focuses on universal service and the Internet as means to support social and political participation. The emphasis on access to telecommunications systems in conventional approaches to universal service is contrasted with access to content. A model of the information environment is described that accounts for the roles of content and conduit, both of which are necessary conditions to achieve true access. A method is outlined for employing information indicators to observe or measure the information environment. 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献