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王西巧 《洛阳师范学院学报》1999,(6)
一、引育体语学又叫身势学、身姿学、县动学或举止神态学等。它研究的是人们在交际中的手势、势态姿体、面部表情及谈话距离等的含义和使用规则等。对体语的研究，不仅为公共关系、心理学、行为学和社会学带来了活力，而且成为开启人际关系的一把金钥匙，为促进人类跨文化交际成功提供了保证。体语是一种下意识的非言语行为，是表达思想、情感的重要手段之一。我们的表情、手势、身体其他部分的动作，都向周围人传递信息。本文拟简述发射信息的主要人体部位，并对人类体语的文化差异以及中美体语的异同进行初步的探讨。语言是人类最重要的交… 相似文献
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随着人们对跨文化交际（Cross－culturalCommunication）领域研究的发展，人体语言（bodylanguage）这一非语言文字形式的交际手段，引起了学者们越来越多的关注。于是，体语学（Kinesics）作为人类非语言交际研究中的分支学科便应运而生，而且同各语言学科的研究一样，在人类交际和外语教学中起着越来越大的作用。体语学又叫身势学、身姿学、身动学或举止神态学等，是言语交际中伴随话语并用以加强话语表现力或具有某种信号、符号等间谍的身体动作和手势。体语学研究的对象包括人的手势、姿势体态、面部表情及谈话距离的含义和使用规则，… 相似文献
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人类的交际通常可分为言语交际和非言语交际。中国和西方在非言语行为上的文化差异主要体现在不同文化通过不同的手势或动作传达相同的信息,和同一手势或行动在不同的文化中表达不同的意思。本文对比研究了中美两国生活中经常出现的非言语交际形式的不同。首先介绍了身势学相关概念,然后从体势、手势、面部表情、目光接触、触摸五个方面对比分析了中美肢体语言的差异。从而得出了启示：我们必须注意本土语言和目标语言中非言语行为的差异,并在跨文化交流中加以合理运用。 相似文献
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试论非言语语交际中的人体语的运用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
张焕丽 《读与写:教育教学刊》2009,6(7):61-61,70
不同文化背景的人在进行语言交际时,都会不同程度地使用非言语语进行交流.人体语是非言语语中内容最丰富的一种,不同文化中的人体语有着自己独特的文化规则,不同文化背景的人在进行交际的时候,对人体语信息要综合考虑,了解各个国家和各个地区的非言语语差异,正确使用人体语. 相似文献
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非语言交际亦称身势语,它是一种交流手段,包括手势语、眼神、面部表情、握手等.非语言交际在交际过程中起着非常重要的作用.各国各地区由于文化的差异,宗教信仰的不同,同一身势语在不同的地区也会有不同的含义.所以我们要了解不同国家的历史文化,恰到好处地使用身势语. 相似文献
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课堂教学中师生之间除语言手段外,还可以通过非语言手段来传递信息,进行沟通,而且非语言手段有着许多有声语言无法替代的特点。它主要包括以下五大类: 身势语 也叫体态语或姿势语,即通过人的面部表情、手势、体态等身体各部位的无声动作传送信息。身势语有着极强的表现力,是语言工具的最重要的辅助和补充手段。教师的眼神、表情、手势以及站立的姿势都会自觉不自觉地与教学内容结合在一起,以不同 相似文献
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This study examines the effects of teachers' speech and hand gestures on the task performances of students with Attention‐Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Forty‐five 7½‐year‐old students clinically diagnosed with ADHD participated in the study. The students were asked to solve three sets of puzzles. The teachers supported the students in the tasks by using three different scaffolding modalities: speech‐only, gesture‐only and speech in conjunction with gestures. The results indicate that when the teachers used the scaffolding that contained gesture components (either speech scaffolding in conjunction with gesture scaffolding or gesture‐only scaffolding), the ADHD students were more responsive, focused longer on the tasks and were more successful in completing the tasks. Moreover, teachers' representational and deictic gestures were found to be the most effective gestures in scaffolding. This study suggests that when teachers' hand gestures are used together with speech, they are a powerful pedagogical means to engage ADHD children in tasks. 相似文献
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An experiment with 72 three-year-olds investigated whether encoding events while seeing iconic gestures boosts children's memory representation of these events. The events, shown in videos of actors moving in an unusual manner, were presented with either iconic gestures depicting how the actors performed these actions, interactive gestures, or no gesture. In a recognition memory task, children in the iconic gesture condition remembered actors and actions better than children in the control conditions. Iconic gestures were categorized based on how much of the actors was represented by the hands (feet, legs, or body). Only iconic hand-as-body gestures boosted actor memory. Thus, seeing iconic gestures while encoding events facilitates children's memory of those aspects of events that are schematically highlighted by gesture. 相似文献
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Seokmin Kang Gregory L. Hallman Lisa K. Son John B. Black 《Journal of Science Education and Technology》2013,22(6):825-837
Explanations are typically accompanied by hand gestures. While research has shown that gestures can help learners understand a particular concept, different learning effects in different types of gesture have been less understood. To address the issues above, the current study focused on whether different types of gestures lead to different levels of improvement in understanding. Two types of gestures were investigated, and thus, three instructional videos (two gesture videos plus a no gesture control) of the subject of mitosis—all identical except for the types of gesture used—were created. After watching one of the three videos, participants were tested on their level of understanding of mitosis. The results showed that (1) differences in comprehension were obtained across the three groups, and (2) representational (semantic) gestures led to a deeper level of comprehension than both beat gestures and the no gesture control. Finally, a language proficiency effect is discussed as a moderator that may affect understanding of a concept. Our findings suggest that a teacher is encouraged to use representational gestures even to adult learners, but more work is needed to prove the benefit of using gestures for adult learners in many subject areas. 相似文献
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彭圆 《外语教学理论与实践》2016,153(2):62-69
话语与伴随手势的数量协同问题长期缺乏实证研究数据支持。在功能协同（同样的语义和语用功能）、结构协同（同在支架话序中）的前提下,本研究使用语料库量化研究方法,探讨了语力话语形式（powerful language forms）与其伴随手势的数量协同机制。研究结果发现,在相同教学功能语境之下,语力话语与伴随手势数量比小于1.3:1大于1:1.3之间时,能实现最佳的交际效果;反之,则会对交际效果产生消极作用。 相似文献
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To investigate the symbolic quality of preschoolers' gestural representations in the absence of real objects, 48 children (16 3-, 4-, and 5-year-olds) performed 2 tasks. In the first task, they were asked to pretend to use 8 common objects (e.g., "pretend to brush your teeth with a toothbrush"). There was an age-related progression in the symbolic quality of gestural representations. 3- and 4-year-olds used mostly body part gestures (e.g., using an extended finger as the toothbrush), whereas 5-year-olds used imaginary object gestures (e.g., pretending to hold an imaginary toothbrush). To determine if children's symbolic skill is sufficiently flexible to allow them to use gestures other than those spontaneously produced in the first task, in the second task children were asked to imitate, for each object, a gesture modeled by an experimenter. The modeled gesture was different from the one the child performed on the first task (e.g., if the child used a body part gesture to represent a particular object, the experimenter modeled an imaginary object gesture for that object). Ability to imitate modeled gestures was positively related to age but was also influenced by the symbolic mode of gesture. 3-year-olds could not imitate imaginary object gestures as well as body part gestures, suggesting that young preschoolers have difficulty performing symbolic acts that exceed their symbolic level even when the acts are modeled. Results from both tasks provide strong evidence for a developmental progression from concrete body part to more abstract imaginary object gestural representations during the preschool years. 相似文献
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Language and gesture are viewed as highly interdependent systems. Besides supporting communication, gestures also have an impact on memory for verbal information compared to pure verbal encoding in native but also in foreign language learning. This article presents a within‐subject longitudinal study lasting 14 months that tested the use of gestures in the classroom, with the experimenter presenting the items to be acquired. Participants learned 36 words distributed across two training conditions: In the audio‐visual condition subjects read, heard, and spoke the words; in the gestural condition subjects additionally accompanied the words with symbolic gestures. Memory performance was assessed through cued native‐to‐foreign translation tests at five time points. The results show that gestures significantly enhance vocabulary learning in quantity and over time. The findings are discussed in terms of Klimesch's connectivity model (CM) of information processing. Thereafter, a code, a word, is better integrated into long‐term memory if it is deep, that is, if it is comprised of many interconnected components. 相似文献
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Robert O. Davis Joseph Vincent 《British journal of educational technology : journal of the Council for Educational Technology》2019,50(6):3252-3263
Pedagogical agents in multimedia learning environments have frequently been designed to produce pointing gestures (deictic) to direct spatial awareness. Although this might be beneficial for native English-speaking students who possess high levels of comprehension, only using pointing gestures with foreign language students learning English is problematic because these students need more assistance with language comprehension than just directing spatial awareness. The purpose of this study was to explore how gesture type and gesture frequency help foreign language students perceive the agent’s persona and the ability to recall procedural information. The results found one significant interaction between average gestures and no gesture in terms of facilitation, but all other conditions and persona subscales were not significant. For learning outcomes, the enhanced gesture condition significantly recalled more information than the no gesture condition (p = 0.017), and was approaching significance with the conversational gesture condition (p = 0.059). The findings suggest that when the learning population consists of foreign language students, pedagogical agents should use representational and beat gestures to help students comprehend more of the language, and the gesture frequency needs to be increased to account for the lack of verbal listening skills with this population. 相似文献
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Juan Sebastian Herrera Eric M. Riggs 《International Journal of Science Education》2013,35(12):1979-2003
Advances in cognitive science and educational research indicate that a significant part of spatial cognition is facilitated by gesture (e.g. giving directions, or describing objects or landscape features). We aligned the analysis of gestures with conceptual metaphor theory to probe the use of mental image schemas as a source of concept representations for students' learning of sedimentary processes. A hermeneutical approach enabled us to access student meaning-making from students' verbal reports and gestures about four core geological ideas that involve sea-level change and sediment deposition. The study included 25 students from three US universities. Participants were enrolled in upper-level undergraduate courses on sedimentology and stratigraphy. We used semi-structured interviews for data collection. Our gesture coding focused on three types of gestures: deictic, iconic, and metaphoric. From analysis of video recorded interviews, we interpreted image schemas in gestures and verbal reports. Results suggested that students attempted to make more iconic and metaphoric gestures when dealing with abstract concepts, such as relative sea level, base level, and unconformities. Based on the analysis of gestures that recreated certain patterns including time, strata, and sea-level fluctuations, we reasoned that proper representational gestures may indicate completeness in conceptual understanding. We concluded that students rely on image schemas to develop ideas about complex sedimentary systems. Our research also supports the hypothesis that gestures provide an independent and non-linguistic indicator of image schemas that shape conceptual development, and also play a role in the construction and communication of complex spatial and temporal concepts in the geosciences. 相似文献
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赵秀华 《大连教育学院学报》2008,24(2):57-58
不同文化的人会用不同的非言语行为传递各种信息,这些信息在国际商务谈判中起着非常重要的作用。因此,谈判人员应该有较强的文化意识。谈判人员还应多学几门语言谈判人员还要尽可能地观察谈判对手,领会对方的非言语信息,同时控制自己的非言语表达。 相似文献
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Laurie D. Edwards 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》2009,70(2):127-141
Spontaneous gesture produced in conjunction with speech is considered as both a source of data about mathematical thinking,
and as an integral modality in communication and cognition. The analysis draws on a corpus of more than 200 gestures collected
during 3 h of interviews with prospective elementary school teachers on the topic of fractions. The analysis examines how
gestures express meaning, utilizing the framework of cognitive linguistics to argue that gestures are both composed of, and
provide inputs to, conceptual blends for mathematical ideas, and a standard typology drawn from gesture studies is extended
to address the function of gestures within mathematics more appropriately.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of the original article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献