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1.
The knowledge explosion in combination with an overcrowded curriculum at all educational levels is causing many educators to place greater emphasis on attitude conceptualization. This paper confronts two interrelated problems, that problem dealing with the psychological concept of attitudes and the problem of attitude measurement. Conceptually, attitudes are explored from an affective, cognitive, behavioral, and biologic dimension. The result is a comprehensive attitude concept. The problem of attitude measurement is not that attitudes exist, nor that they are specific or general, but lies in the way that they are organized. With the current emphasis on computerized research and data analysis, it is astonishing that multiple factor analysis has been so infrequently used for attitude validation and instrumentation. As a measurement and analytic technique, multiple factor analysis provides the intrinsic power to isolate and identify attitudinal factors. Multiple factor analysis is a measurement technique designed to assess construct validity. As such, it unites psychometrics with psychological theory. Factor analysis as a computational technique and as a scale construction technique is explored. The principal component method of factor analysis is reviewed. Multiple factor analysis assists in the process of attitude scale construction in the following ways: 1.) determines the content (factorial) validity of a series of attitude statements by ascertaining whether they measure a single unitary characteristic or a complex of characteristics as reflected in an item intercorrelation matrix; 2.) contributes to the determination of construct validity by ascertaining the smallest number of factors that can be postulated to account for item intercorrelations 3.) provides the statistical research strategy upon which predictive and assessment instruments can be empirically determined from an unrotated factor matrix; and, 4.) serves in general as an objective basic research tool through which psychological traits underlying human attitudes can be derived.  相似文献   

2.
Learning about certain scientific topics has potential to spark strong emotions among students. We investigated whether emotions predicted students’ attitudes after engaging in independent rereading and/or rereading plus discussion about Pluto’s reclassification. Fifth and sixth grade students read a refutation text on Pluto’s reclassification. Participants were randomly assigned to either the reread independently or the reread plus discussion group. Results showed that students in both groups experienced attitude change and that change was sustained over time. Students reported experiencing more negative than positive emotions at pretest. Emotions, which became more positive after intervention, were predictive of students’ attitudes and attitude change. Implications for the role of emotions when learning about controversial topics are discussed.  相似文献   

3.
通过调查汉族地区一所不以民族语言授课的民族学校的双语态度得知,这所学校的学生对母语持一种前后矛盾的态度:对学校不以民族语授课和会不会讲民族语持无所谓的态度,但在后面的调查中又显示出对民族语的热爱.  相似文献   

4.
三、结论与建议 １．主要结论 经过上文实验、分析与对比，可以得出如下结论。 ①《中学生科学态度评价量表》中的各个评价指标得到了我国部分科学教育界人士的认同与支持，符合中国的文化传统和思想认识；而且统计计算过程科学严谨；指标覆盖了态度的三种成分，内容较为完整、丰富，因此在内容效度方面具有一定的有效性。 ②经过样本测试，《中学生科学态度评价量表》与被试的物理考试成绩之间呈现高度正相关，与国外的《科学态度问卷》之间呈现一定的正相关，这进一步说明该量表具有一定的有效性和可靠性。 ③《中学生科学态度评价量表》…  相似文献   

5.
Abstract

Positive student attitude towards peer assessment can be demonstrated through high-quality peer assessment activities. Research findings on students’ attitudes before and after such activities were mixed. This study was conducted using a mixed-methods approach to investigate the underlying factors influencing students’ attitude change. Participants were students enrolled in an online graduate-level assessment course in the college of education in a university in the southeast United States in the fall of 2017 (N?=?31). Surveys and interviews were used to collect quantitative and qualitative data separately, both of which indicated that perceived accurate and specific feedback tended to help students shift to more positive attitudes towards online peer assessment. In addition, final task score improvement after the activity was correlated with positive attitude change. Qualitative results also identified other factors, such as communication with the peers’ work and logistic concerns. The current study offers insights for researchers and instructors to promote positive attitude changes in online peer assessment activities.  相似文献   

6.
Few studies have been conducted to identify what kinds of online information are provided by institutions and needed by international students in social media. This study aims to identify critical constructs of study abroad information (SAI) that can generate positive attitudes toward the university. Specifically, this study attempts to investigate the effectiveness of persuasive communication via social media among students looking to study abroad as well as examining their impacts on attitude change. This paper used the elaboration likelihood model to map out information processing flow of students looking to study abroad. Based on a series of qualitative and quantitative studies, the findings highlighted the importance of peripheral communication cues in influencing students’ attitudinal change toward overseas institutions and countries. This study uncovered that the peripheral cues mediate the relationship of study abroad online reviews and attitude change.  相似文献   

7.
Abstract

The attitudes of education students toward themselves and others were measured before and after a course in human development. Large changes in attitudes were found to be associated with initial attitude positions, sex and the composition of individual sections of the course. Comparisons of this sample with others indicated that education students have initially more authoritarian attitudes than other college students, but that they change markedly when enrolled in a human development course.  相似文献   

8.
While there is an increased interest in describing attitudes of teachers, parents and peers towards students with special educational needs in regular education, there is a lack of knowledge about various variables relating to the attitudes of these three groups. The aims of this study are: (1) to examine which variables relate to the attitudes of teachers (N?=?44), parents (N?=?508) and peers (N?=?1113) towards students with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Autistic Spectrum Syndrome or a cognitive disability in regular primary education and (2) to examine whether teachers and parents’ attitudes affect the attitudes of peers. An attitude survey was used to assess attitudes and data were analysed by means of multilevel analyses. The variables found in this study relating to attitudes can be used as a foundation to develop interventions to change attitudes.  相似文献   

9.
There is a worldwide shortage of organs for transplantation. It has been shown that the attitude of healthcare professionals can improve the rates of organ donation, and that educational programs aimed at improving both attitudes and knowledge base of professionals can have positive outcomes. Although there has been research carried out on this topic, there has been none in Ireland. Anatomy dissection can be a stressor to medical students-we investigate the attitudes of Irish students to organ donation and how they change with exposure to anatomy dissection. A questionnaire was administered to first year students in the School of Medicine in University College Dublin, Ireland, three times over a nine-week period at the commencement of classes in an academic year. The attitudes of the students were positive throughout regarding organ donation by a stranger, a family member, or themselves. There was, however, a significant decrease in support for the donation of a family member's organs in a minority of students. Irish students' attitudes to postmortem organ donation are positive and are not changed by exposure to the dissecting room. There is support for the donation of organs, and willingness among students to donate their own organs and support donation by family members.  相似文献   

10.
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11.
The purpose of the study was to identify female students' attitudes toward mathematics when studying under four conditions and to assess the impact of school-type and sex of teacher on students' attitudes toward mathematics. An instrument to measure attitude toward mathematics was administered on a stratified random sample of 240 female students drawn from 5 co-educational and 6 all-girls' secondary schools in Plateau State, Nigeria. The findings suggest that the best environment under which females can learn mathematics is in all-girls' secondary schools where mathematics is taught by female teachers.  相似文献   

12.
自主学习是建立在教师的地位转变和角色变化的基础之上,从教育元认知、师生关系、教师角色转变几个方面讨论对学生的自主学习的形成作用。说明外语教师应具备最主要的能力还应有包括观念和态度等内隐素质;教师的地位和学生趋于平等、互利;教师的角色以学习者和研究者为主。  相似文献   

13.
This article explores some of the literature concerning the effectiveness of the Montessori educational approach for children with ASC within an English school context. Firstly, there is a discussion, including a short historical review, regarding the ideology of inclusion and how it has impacted upon mainstream education. Also, how this can be facilitated using play‐based approaches such as Montessori. Secondly, various models of disability are identified in order to highlight how they have informed societal attitudes towards people with disabilities. There is a brief history of ASC detailing how a child with this disability may be affected on a daily basis and the effectiveness of alternative play‐based educational approaches such as Montessori in helping children with ASC to develop the appropriate skills they need in order to self‐regulate and thus modify their behaviour. Furthermore, the value of play‐based curriculums in supporting a child diagnosed with ASC throughout the learning process is also evaluated. The summary highlights the need for more evidence‐based studies to be undertaken in order to assess whether the Montessori approach is a valid alternative in teaching pre‐school children with ASC.  相似文献   

14.
Like their students, teachers may hold a variety of naïve conceptions that have been hypothesized to limit their ability to support students’ learning. This study examines whether changes in elementary students’ conceptions are related to their teachers’ content knowledge, attitudes, and understanding of conceptual change. The study takes place in the context of the adoption of a new unit on seasonal change in which students build and use sundials to observe seasonal differences in the apparent motion of the Sun across the sky. A mixed-method approach is used. Data sources include pre- and post-tests for students and teacher interviews and questionnaires. Results indicate that changes in students’ conceptions may be related to their teachers’ knowledge of the content, attitudes toward science, and understanding of conceptual change. One teacher had low attitude toward science and limited knowledge of conceptual change. After instruction, her students’ responses became less accurate but more homogeneous than before instruction. The other teacher had high attitude and moderate knowledge of conceptual change. Her students showed gains from pre- to post-test, including responses that were more scientifically accurate than the teachers’ initial answers.  相似文献   

15.
This study illustrates the implementation of an attitude questionnaire and a knowledge test in the evaluation of a drama intervention aimed at the transmission of knowledge and change of attitudes about AIDS among Zulu‐speaking high school pupils. No significant changes in the existing, relatively positive, attitudes were indicated except in one important area relating to promiscuity. A substantial improvement in the knowledge of AIDS‐related facts was achieved. It is suggested that a qualitative approach should ideally forego a quantitative approach in order to identify the cultural context within which the project will be situated.  相似文献   

16.
文章通过调查和案例分析转变人们对青少年学生作为社区外语教育人力资源主体和主体作用的认识,对大中小学生在外语教育社区化中的主体作用进行"一条龙"研究,旨在发挥青少年学生的主体作用,探索出新课程改革背景下外语教育改革的新思路,即外语教育社区化实施的必要性和可行性。  相似文献   

17.
This study explores how teachers developed and critically evaluated a range of teaching strategies that could support the discussion of a socio-scientific issue (SSI) that had the potential to be controversial. The issue was stem cell research and six New Zealand teachers of senior biology students (grades 12/13) took part in an action research project that was situational, collaborative and self-evaluative. The focus of the research was to identify communication barriers that interfered with classroom discussion and how teachers could help students cross cultural borders when they discussed SSIs that were outside their life worlds. The barriers to communication were access to relevant science knowledge, religion, language, an inability to question issues and cultural expectations of girls. Teachers trialled and adapted two discussion strategies, ‘Drawing the Line’ and ‘Diamond Ranking’ that provided a vehicle for their students to explore and discuss this issue from a range of perspectives. These discussion strategies enabled their students to take part in a dialogue where reciprocal conversation could occur because they had opportunities not only to explore their own perspectives but also other people's viewpoints.  相似文献   

18.
Domestic abuse prevention education programmes have been found to be effective in bringing about attitudinal and behavioural change. However, there is limited research on theatre-based interventions developed in the UK. This study aimed to assess pupils’ responses to a theatre production called ‘Love Hurts’. A mixed-methods approach, which incorporated an online survey and focus groups, was used to understand the pupils’ perceptions of the play. The survey was completed by 294 pupils aged 11–19 years in five schools. Four focus groups were conducted in two of the schools involved. The pupils were generally very positive about the play, girls more so than boys. One of the strengths was that the young people reported being able to relate to the situations, and they found the use of theatre very engaging. They seemed to respond well to the use of a positive male role in the play, but reported that more could be done to highlight that women can be abusive too. Another theme was around the issue of trust, with some young people reporting feeling cautious about entering relationships following the play. The findings suggest that the young people responded well to the messages conveyed and felt that theatre was an effective means of addressing the issue. However, care is needed as to how to address the issues of gender and trust.  相似文献   

19.
The aim of this study is to evaluate a teaching strategy designed to teach first-year undergraduate life sciences students at a research university how to learn to read authentic research articles. Our approach—based on the work done in the field of genre analysis and argumentation theory—means that we teach students to read research articles by teaching them which rhetorical moves occur in research articles and how they can identify these. Because research articles are persuasive by their very nature, we focused on the rhetorical moves that play an important role in authors’ arguments. We designed a teaching strategy using cognitive apprenticeship as the pedagogical approach. It was implemented in a first-year compulsory course in the life sciences undergraduate program. Comparison of the results of a pretest with those of the posttest showed that students’ ability to identify these moves had improved. Moreover, students themselves had also perceived that their ability to read and understand a research article had increased. The students’ evaluations demonstrated that they appreciated the pedagogical approach used and experienced the assignments as useful. On the basis of our results, we concluded that students had taken a first step toward becoming expert readers.  相似文献   

20.
The attitudes toward science of nonscience college students were investigated using quantitative and qualitative forms of inquiry. Quantitative methods were used to determine (a) how attitudes toward science of nonscience college students compare with attitudes of science majors, and (b) whether attitudes toward science change with instruction. Qualitative assessment was used to investigate attitude development as it relates to science. The subjects were 102 nonscience students and 81 science students. Six attitudinal variables were investigated using the Attitudes Toward Science Inventory (ATSI) as the quantitative instrument. Hotelling's T2 showed a significant difference (p = 0.0001) in attitudes between the two groups. T tests revealed significant differences between the two groups for all six variables. A significant difference (p = 0.0001) was found between pretest and posttest results for the nonscience students. T tests showed significant differences between the two sets of scores for all six variables, indicating a favorable change in attitudes. An interview questionnaire was used to investigate factors contributing to attitude development. The interview results suggested that attitudes toward science are formed by interactions of both school and nonschool variables.  相似文献   

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