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随着我国入世和全球化经济的发展,中国的制造业企业将面临更加激烈的市场竞争,推进企业信息化已经成为制造业企业生存和发展的必由之路.本文主要进行了企业信息化建设与企业竞争力研究. 相似文献
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中国装备制造业技术研发效率的实证研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
文章在分析中国装备制造业技术研发效率影响因素的基础上,利用随机前沿生产函数对装备制造业的研发效率进行了实证研究.实证结果表明企业规模、产业结构、政府政策和企业研发经费支出结构是影响装备制造业研发效率的主要因素.根据影响研发效率的因素,提出两方面政策建议:政府应该通过改变企业研发经费支出结构、保护研发成果、构建基础性和通用性技术平台来提高装备制造业的研发效率;企业本身应调整研发经费支出策略,并通过与相关科研单位、上下游企业的技术合作来提高研发效率. 相似文献
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基于非参数Malmquist生产率指数分析法实证测评了我国制造业29个行业在2001-2008年间技术创新效率的动态变化,并运用面板数据模型探讨了各影响因素对技术创新效率的具体效应。研究发现:我国制造业技术创新效率的改善不明显,年均增长0.8%,主要来源是技术效率的改善;29个行业年均技术创新效率的变化指数存在差异,其中有14个行业的技术创新效率正向增长,26个行业实现了技术效率的改善;我国制造业技术创新效率受诸多因素影响,市场结构、企业规模与技术创新效率显著正相关,而企业所有制对技术创新效率的作用不明显。 相似文献
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中国是制造业大国,但不是制造业强国,对影响中国制造业生产效率的几个因素如产权因素、市场竞争因素、研发因素和外商投资进行了分析,然后用层次分析法对这几个影响因素进行分析. 相似文献
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随着我国经济的发展完善,企业文化在生产经营中的作用日益突出,但从目前企业文化建设的状况来看,仍存在一些亟待解决的问题。如不采取措施加以解决,将会影响企业的发展。 相似文献
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为促进中国制造业的高质量发展和绿色制造转型,本文集成运用DEA-BCC模型与Malmquist指数对2013—2019年中国制造业不同污染等级下29个子行业的静态和动态绿色技术创新效率进行研究与分析。测算结果表明：中国制造业绿色技术创新效率整体偏低,但处于不断增强的趋势,效率偏低的主因是企业规模配置不当;中国制造业在2013—2019年的绿色技术创新效率整体上提升了7.7%,驱动因素主要是技术效率和技术进步;中国制造业子行业绿色技术创新效率增长率随着污染程度的下降逐渐提升,重度污染行业在技术创新方面并没有充分做到技术研发和环境保护相协调,仍有较大提升空间。 相似文献
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融资约束是制约高端装备制造业发展的瓶颈问题。文章充分发挥Surper-SBM精准测量融资效率值并排序的优势,利用2010-2016年45家上市公司的2205个观测值,计算高端装备制造业企业的不同融资效率值,并根据目标效率值大小对企业进行分区。同时,为了探究影响融资效率变化的关键因素,利用Malquist指数模型研究综合效率指数轨迹、技术效率轨迹和技术进步效率轨迹的动态变动。研究表明：我国高端装备业整体的融资效率均值大于0.85,但91.11%的上市公司处于非效率状态;Malquist平均指数总体保持在1.0左右的水平,但是融资效率呈现波动性特征;技术效率指数受规模效率影响大而纯技术效率作用不明显;88.89%的企业注重持续的技术创新,但是技术进步因素还未成为提升融资效率的主要动力源。 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
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Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
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Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献
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Leah A. Lievrouw 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):83-96
The main premise of this article is that in information societies generally, and in virtual social contexts particularly, a distinctive style of interaction to facilitate the communication of difference, heterotopic communication , has emerged. It rests on two cultural foundations: an ideological belief in the positive, socially integrating power of communication, and a prevailing ethic of instrumental rationality, subjective individualism, and strategically practiced self-interest. The former is demonstrated by the use of simulation and spectacle as sources of information; exhibitionism/voyeurism as a communicative style; and the awareness of surveillance. The latter is seen in the competitive use of knowledge as a commodity; a surface globalism masking deep parochialism; lateral as well as vertical information inequity; and the use of public versus private as strategies for engagement rather than as spaces. Those who engage in heterotopic communication resort to their 'own devices' both in the sense of personal agendas, strategies, interests, and interpretations, and in the form of the telecommunication tools that help realize them. These personal and technological devices allow individuals with the right educational and technical resources to avoid exposure to disagreement, difference, or other information that does not serve their direct purposes or reflect their particular views of the world; yet they also help convey the appearance of openness, availability, and cooperation. This style of interaction is used strategically in combination with information and communication technologies to gain social or economic advantages, but it may encourage social separatism and parochialism, inhibit the negotiation of disputes, and emphasize competing interests. 相似文献