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Stefano Basaglia Leonardo Caporarello Massimo Magni Ferdinando Pennarola 《International Journal of Information Management》2010
Previous research considering a normative perspective for fostering knowledge integration at the team level of analysis underscores that teams are often reluctant to share important knowledge among their members. In the attempt to provide a wider perspective on team knowledge integration, we take a different perspective, basing our arguments on team climate theoretical framework. Specifically, we argue that an autonomy and experimental climate (i.e. shared perception that the team supports autonomous action and experimentation and risk taking) can favor the team's ability to integrate members’ knowledge. Indeed, focusing on members’ willingness to contribute to team well-being, team autonomy and experimental climate may enhance the team's capability to integrate knowledge enabled by the IT infrastructure (IT knowledge integration capability). We tested our research model on a sample of 410 members and leaders of 69 organizational work teams. Results show the critical role played by team climate in favoring IT knowledge integration capability, which in turn affects team outcomes. 相似文献
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科研创新团队是国家创新体系的核心组织单元,是构成国家创新能力的微观基础。本文以我国1352个科研创新团队为研究对象,采用循证式评估方法针对团队负责人及团队骨干成员设计问卷调查,从基本情况、组成结构、运行机制、产出绩效、政策支持作用等方面系统评估了我国科研创新团队的发展状况,总结了团队发展的经验。结合对143个团队的深度访谈,本文发现,在长期合作的基础上自然形成,拥有出色的学术带头人并形成结构合理的学术梯队,具备较强的研究能力和较好的研发条件,孕育形成优良的科研文化,构建了健全的规章制度和高效的运行机制,是优秀团队形成的重要条件。针对存在的突出问题,本文提出了进一步改进和完善我国科研创新团队支持政策的若干建议,包括加快落实中央财政科技计划的人才基地专项、加强对科研创新团队建设的引导、改进团队支持计划的经费管理、优化组织与运行机制等,为国家改进对科研创新团队的支持政策和计划提供了重要参考。 相似文献
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Umar Safdar Yuosre F. Badir Bilal Afsar 《The Journal of High Technology Management Research》2017,28(1):79-92
Knowledge source selection is a complex phenomenon that is often addressed from an organizational viewpoint; however, we know little about knowledge-seeking practices at the individual level. We examined knowledge sourcing in new product development (NPD) teams at the micro-level through the lens of psychological safety (PS). We investigated 1345 individuals at 85 software development teams in Pakistan to demonstrate how different levels of PS affected knowledge sourcing from three groups: within the team; within the organization; and outside the organization. Our results showed that individuals with high PS levels were more inclined to consult fellow team members and individuals with low PS levels were more likely to choose external sources. We also examined how the diversity of a team's composition affected the relationship between psychological safety and knowledge source selection. We explored the implications of these findings for managerial practice. 相似文献
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本文根据美国综合性大学的科研团队研究提案的数据,研究考察了跨学科研究团队的组成因素与研究提案通过率的相关关系。研究发现,一方面,跨学科研究团队的学科领域数对于研究提案的成功通过没有显著影响;另一方面,跨学科研究团队的任职部门数与研究提案的通过有负相关关系。同时在团队中,资深教授的参与对研究提案的通过有显著的正面影响,而助理教授的参与则对研究提案的通过有负面影响。该研究显示,跨学科团队科研课题的提出需要避免盲目追求跨学科的程度,而应当注重提高研究团队的相关经验和专注度。 相似文献
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集体心理所有权影响创业团队绩效的机制研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
“双创”背景下如何提高创业团队绩效与促进创业成功受到社会各界的普遍关注。文章基于群体心理学相关理论观点,运用SPSS21.0及MPLUS7.0对国内173家创业团队的样本数据进行分析,探讨了集体心理所有权与创业团队绩效之间的中介机制与边界条件。研究发现：创业团队中集体心理所有权对团队学习和创业团队绩效均具有正向影响;团队学习在集体心理所有权与创业团队绩效间具有部分中介作用;团队任务相互依赖在两者的中介机制中具有负向调节作用：团队任务相互依赖越高,集体心理所有权对团队学习与创业团队绩效的正向影响越弱,团队学习在集体心理所有权与创业团队绩效之间的中介作用越弱。本研究提供了从集体心理所有权与团队任务设计角度提高创业团队绩效的有效路径。 相似文献
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Online games are highly popular applications. While online gamers actively participate in gaming teams, no study has yet explored whether gamers have sufficient teamwork knowledge and have accumulated sufficient team participation experience. These likely strengthen team commitment, but we do not know, indicating a research gap. Research filling this gap could shed light on useful means for enhancing gamers’ team commitment. Grounded in social identity theory, we theorize the mechanism that links gamers’ overall gaming team participation experience and overall gaming teamwork knowledge to their team commitment. We collect two-wave data from 344 online gamers that have played massively multiplayer online role-playing games (MMORPGs) and use structural equation modelling for data analysis. We find that overall team participation experience is positively related to gaming team identification, while overall teamwork knowledge is positively related to compliance with gaming team norms. Both team identification and norm compliance are positively related to gaming team commitment. This study is the first to clarify the mechanism underlying the impacts of overall gaming team participation experience and overall gaming teamwork knowledge on gamers’ team commitment. Our findings provide the practical insight that game designers should incorporate game features that require or reward gamers’ participation in gaming teams or enhance gaming teamwork knowledge, thus strengthening gamers’ team commitment. 相似文献
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Minna JanhonenAuthor Vitae Jan-Erik JohansonAuthor Vitae 《International Journal of Information Management》2011,31(3):217-225
This study aims to find out how different processes of knowledge management and patterns of social networking affect team performance. Our data on teams originate from a sample of different organizations from a variety of both public and private industries in Finland (76 teams; 499 employees). One of the main deficiencies in the current literature on knowledge and networks is that they tend to concentrate on specific types of teams in a single organization context. Our aim was to put the team phenomenon into an everyday context by analysing the interplay of knowledge creation and social networks in teams which function on a permanent basis in a variety of industry contexts. Both knowledge creation and social networking contributed to performance, but the results showed that whereas team members see the knowledge conversion processes as central to performance, top management emphasize the importance of social networks in value creation. In our examination, lively interaction between team members, combined with team leaders’ intra-organizational networks, contributed to team performance. 相似文献
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《Research Policy》2019,48(9):103774
We explore the impact of migrant inventors on patent quality in Europe and the United States between 1990 and 2010. Drawing on a large sample of patent applications filed at the European Patent Office with a corresponding Patent Cooperation Treaty extension, we select inventor teams whose members reside in the countries of interest, but whose nationality may vary. In keeping with the literature, we find that migrant inventors are associated with higher quality patents via increased diversity at the team level, in addition to increased diversity at both the company and local level. This positive relationship with diversity persists after conditioning for the presence of migrants in the team, which is suggestive of cultural, and not merely functional, diversity. 相似文献
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This paper explores recent trends in the size of scientific teams and in institutional collaborations. The data derive from 2.4 million scientific papers written in 110 top U.S. research universities over the period 1981-1999. The top 110 account for a large share of published basic research conducted in the U.S. during this time.We measure team size by the number of authors on a scientific paper. Using this measure we find that team size increases by 50% over the 19-year period. We supplement team size with measures of domestic and foreign institutional collaborations, which capture the geographic dispersion of team workers. The time series evidence suggests that the trend towards more geographically dispersed scientific teams accelerates beginning with papers published at the start of the 1990s. This acceleration suggests a sharp decline in the cost of collaboration. Our hypothesis is that the decline is due to the deployment of the National Science Foundation's NSFNET and its connection to networks in Europe and Japan after 1987.Using a panel of top university departments we also find that private universities and departments whose scientists have earned prestigious awards participate in larger teams, as do departments that have larger amounts of federal funding. Placement of former graduate students is a key determinant of institutional collaborations, especially collaborations with firms and with foreign scientific institutions. Finally, the evidence suggests that scientific output and influence increase with team size and that influence rises along with institutional collaborations. Since increasing team size implies an increase in the division of labor, these results suggest that scientific productivity increases with the scientific division of labor. 相似文献
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Martin Hoegl 《Research Policy》2004,33(8):1153-1165
Innovation teams vary in terms of team members’ proximity, i.e., the degree to which all team members are in direct vicinity over the duration of the project. The proximity of team members, however, has potentially important implications for the collaborative working of teams. In this paper, we develop and test hypotheses relating team members’ proximity to the performance-relevant team collaborative processes included in Hoegl and Gemuenden's [Organization Science 12 (4) (2001) 435] teamwork quality framework, i.e., communication, coordination, balance of member contributions, mutual support, effort, and cohesion. Using data from 430 team members and team leaders of 145 software development teams, the results of the regression models show that team members’ proximity is significantly related to teamwork quality. However, the magnitude of the relationship between proximity and teamwork quality varies among the six facets of teamwork quality. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed. 相似文献
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The relational antecedents of project-entrepreneurship: Network centrality, team composition and project performance 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The relational antecedents of project-based enterprises have not yet received systematic investigation. These ventures are typically created by individual freelancers who are usually embedded in networks of collaborative relationships that convey the information and resources required to carry out new projects. Using a relational perspective of entrepreneurial discovery and team composition, we analyze the performance determinants of project-entrepreneurs, namely the individuals who are responsible for launching and carrying out those projects. We argue that project-entrepreneurs’ performance is related to their degree of centrality within the social network, and their familiarity with the selected project-team as captured by the distribution of ties among team members. We test our hypotheses within the Hollywood Film Industry over the period 1992–2003. The findings point to the existence of diminishing returns to centrality and performance benefits from assembling teams that combine old-timers and newcomers. The theoretical contributions and implications of the study are discussed. 相似文献
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Effective teamwork, knowledge coordination, and knowledge creation are recognized as essential sources of team effectiveness and creativity in modern organizations. Nowadays, social media is significantly modifying the patterns in the use of technology to support knowledge management practices in teams. At the same time, the literature shows that transactive memory system (TMS), which refers to how team members share their distributed knowledge and expertise, is an important factor affecting team performance. However, minimal effort has been made to elaborate on the precise role of social media in supporting TMS for enhancing absorptive capacity (ACAP) and knowledge creation capability (KCC) of the team, which in turn might influence team creative performance (TCP). Therefore, to address this gap in the literature, a theoretical model is developed and validated. Survey data collected from 334 members of 68 knowledge work teams indicated that social media use at work has a positive relationship with TMS and both social media use at work and TMS are positively related to ACAP and KCC of the team. Results further indicated that ACAP positively influenced KCC, and both have a direct relationship with TCP. This study shows that careful investment in social media by an organization can enhance meta-knowledge of “who knows what” within teams. Finally, exploring external knowledge alone is not enough. Instead, organizations must ensure external knowledge is utilized to create new knowledge to improve TCP. 相似文献
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In this study, we tested the effects of several team features on knowledge sharing within teams of primary school teachers. We hypothesized that trust in team leader and trust in colleagues, mediated by team identification, will have a positive effect on knowledge sharing. We found indirect effects of both trust variables through team identification and a direct effect of trust in team members on knowledge sharing. We explored, furthermore, a moderator effect of team identification on the relation between team work value diversity and knowledge sharing to examine if team identification diminishes the potential negative effects of team work value diversity on knowledge sharing. Contrary to our expectations, we found no relation between work value diversity and knowledge sharing if team identification is low, while the relation takes a negative curvilinear form if team identification is high. This outcome is explained by the notion that signals of un-sameness in values can produce perceptions of threat and subsequent reactions in high identification teams. 相似文献
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科研团队合作效果研究——一个高校科研团队合作状况的调查分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在对相关研究总结分析的基础上为科研团队合作效果研究提出了研究框架,通过合作过程及合作结果中团队成员、团队以及合作整体三个层次的指标水平来反映合作效果,并归纳了团队特征、环境特征以及过程管理三个方面的影响因素。以该框架为依据设计问卷,调查了我国某所高校科研团队间合作的状况。结果表明,科研团队的总体合作效果较为理想,但在团队特征以及过程管理中体现出一些问题,说明合作还不够深入,还有很大的创新潜力,今后的研究还应在这些问题上做更进一步的工作。 相似文献
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不同于以往研究，从团队层面对科研团队稳定性进行测度，同时聚焦学科多样性在其中的调节作用。以2009年和2010年的69个美国国家科学院生物学领域院士科研团队为研究对象，在通过作者共现网络和聚类分析方法识别主要成员和团队的基础上，以团队生产力和团队影响力衡量团队绩效，运用负二项回归模型对团队稳定性与团队绩效的关系以及学科多样性的调节作用进行分析。研究发现：团队稳定性对团队绩效呈倒“U”型影响，表明团队并非越稳定越好，适当的团队成员流动更有利于团队绩效的提高；团队的学科多样性对团队稳定性和生产力关系有正向调节作用，因为学科多样性可以降低团队成员流动带来的学习成本和磨合时间成本，使成员流动对团队绩效的影响更显著；而学科多样性因容易造成团队的知识冲突以及团队资源分配分散等问题，导致对团队稳定性和影响力关系的调节作用不显著。为提高科研团队绩效，要关注团队成员的流动情况，优化团队进入和退出机制，同时开展更多的跨学科人才合作。 相似文献
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Science is increasingly a team activity, and the size of the teams has been growing. At the same time, there are concerns about an increasing rate of pathologies in science. The growth of team science suggests the need to look beyond individual-level explanations and focus on organizational structures and institutional contexts to explain pathologies in science. Drawing on the literature on organizational pathologies, we argue that division of labor may be a key factor contributing to pathologies in science. Furthermore, we examine the effects of high-stakes incentives and of institutional corruption as additional predictors of scientific pathologies. Using retractions as an indicator of pathologies, and drawing on a matched sample of 195 retracted papers and 349 paired papers that were not retracted, we develop indicators of the division of labor in the team that produced a paper and find that the rate of retractions is higher as the division of labor increases (net of team size). Additionally, we find that high-stakes incentives and institutional corruption are also associated with increased retractions. We conclude with a discussion of the implications of these findings for science policy, in particular for organizing team science projects. 相似文献
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Multidisciplinary teams are an essential aspect of modern organizational work. These teams often work in information-rich environments but little is known about their collaborative information seeking (CIS) behavior. We have been studying the CIS behavior of teams in the context of medical care. We conducted an ethnographic field study of a multidisciplinary patient care team in an emergency department to identify (a) team information needs and (b) situations that trigger collaborative information seeking activities. We identified seven categories of information needs as expressed by questions asked by team members. The majority of questions focused on medical information, but there were a larger than expected percentage of questions focusing on organizational information. We also identified three triggers for CIS activities. These triggers are: (1) lack of expertise, (2) lack of immediately accessible information, and (3) complex information needs. The questions and triggers highlight the importance of face-to-face communication during CIS activities and how CIS activities could lead to interruptive workplaces. We also discuss organizational and technical implications for supporting CIS behavior of teams. 相似文献