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1.
Jack Deines 《Interchange》1973,4(2-3):106-110
Education in the inner city is complicated by a series of unique problems. These problems have been recognized but little has been done by teacher educators to prepare teachers to cope with them. The Winnipeg Center Project represents an attempt to prepare individuals, drawn from the inner city, to become teachers who are specially prepared to cope with these problems.
For further information, the author can be contacted c/o Aberdeen School, 450 Flora Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba R2W 2R7. 相似文献
Résumé Une suite de problèmes particuliers complique l'enseignement dans les centre-villes. Ces problèmes ont été reconnus mais les responsables de la formation des maîtres ont peu fait pour préparer les professeurs à y faire face. Le Winnipeg Center Project est une expérience destinée à préparer des individus provenant des centre-villes à devenir des professeurs formés spécialement en vue de faire face à ces problèmes.
For further information, the author can be contacted c/o Aberdeen School, 450 Flora Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba R2W 2R7. 相似文献
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刘小林 《佳木斯教育学院学报》2012,(6):416-417
在学前教育事业迎来大发展的时期,师资严重缺乏已经成为制约学前教育发展的关键问题。在扩充幼儿园师资的途径中,除了大量培养学前教育专业毕业的新教师外,调整小学富余学科教师充实幼儿师资队伍也是必然的现实需求。从转岗教师专业成长角度出发,如何调整心态,转变角色,正确定位自身的职业发展方向,适应新工作,完成由小学教师向幼儿园教师的华丽转身是一个值得深入探究的重要问题。 相似文献
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In this paper the authors argue that contrary to official rhetoric, education is a political process and teachers are political actors who operate in a number of political arenas. Contemporary political processes, it is suggested have marginalized the voices of teachers, constructed teachers as technicians and limited the transformative potential of education work. If teachers are to wrest back greater control over their work, they will need to engage in concerted political action. This requires teachers to be politically literate and politically active. The development of such skills and attitudes should not be left to chance, and it is maintained that political education should be placed at the core of teacher education programmes. This paper explores the nature of the political skills, understandings and attitudes which should be central to teacher education and an attempt to achieve this is outlined by reference to a preservice programme in which this is attempted. 相似文献
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《师资教育杂志》2012,38(2):175-185
Two national reports published in 1986 marked the beginning of teacher education reform in the United States of America. Both of these reports proposed a twofold approach to teacher education reform: first, to enrich the professional education of teachers by eliminating undergraduate teacher certification programs and requiring graduate level training; and second, to change the structure of the teaching profession by replacing the existing undifferentiated system in which all teachers have the same rank with a two-tiered system in which lead teachers or career professionals would assume higher level responsibilities and receive higher salaries than regular teachers. A ten-year follow-up report identified some progress toward these goals of teacher education reform but criticised schools of education for not making greater efforts to connect their educational programs to elementary and secondary schools. The report argued specifically for professional development schools to link university schools of education to school systems. Most of the recent efforts to reform teacher education have adopted this approach. A particular focus has been the preparation of new and experienced teachers to educate an increasingly diverse student population. 相似文献
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《师资教育杂志》2012,38(5):543-550
This paper reviews the long attempt to transform teacher education in Thailand. Although a brief summary of educational systems and models of teacher preparation from 1892 to 1973 has been provided, the prime focus of the paper is on presenting changes in teacher education from 1974 to the present day, against the backdrop of key political and social forces. 相似文献
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论《师资培育法》颁布后台湾师范院校的因应转型及其启示 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《师资培育法》的颁布,打开了台湾师范教育市场化的阀门。师范院校在优势尽失的情况下,又面临着"供需失衡、教师流浪"的新困境。为此,各师范院校无不亟思突破,纷纷通过内外调整因应转型。在此过程中,台湾师范院校取得了一定的成效,也积累了丰富的经验。基于此,为大陆师范教育发展提出若干意见或建议。 相似文献
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Leon E. Smith 《Quest (Human Kinetics)》2013,65(1):74-83
One purpose of teacher education is to help future teachers develop the necessary knowledge, abilities, and skill for good teaching. A second purpose is to develop the commitment to use this knowledge, ability, and skill when trainees graduate from the training program and begin their teaching careers. There is evidence to suggest that teacher education programs can successfully achieve the first purpose, but success in the development of commitment to good teaching has not yet been demonstrated. By applying Becker's conception of commitment, a two-step plan for developing commitment in teacher education is proposed. The first step is to identify and assess commitment, the second step is to record behavioral indicators of commitment and to use these records to help future teachers develop commitment. In physical education, the improvement of teaching is vital to the future of the field; thus it is critical that teacher education programs help their students develop commitment to good teaching as well as develop effective teaching skills 相似文献
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教师是学校中第一位的资源,教师流失尤其是农村义务教育阶段教师的流失问题一直为世人所关注。近几年来,教师流失不仅没有得到有效遏制,反而有攀升的趋势。而目前,农村中小学教师流失的类型中,一支不容小觑的队伍就是考研一族。这类型教师以年轻人居多,年轻教师是学校的未来,也是学校发展的希望所在,此类教师的流失无疑使农村教育的发展雪上添霜。本文将在这样的背景下,以自己为个案研究对象,讲述自己的考研故事,进而探讨自己作为一位年轻乡村女教师选择考研的原因及心路历程。 相似文献
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《Chinese Education & Society》2013,46(6):76-88
In the past four decades Taiwan was marked not only by rapid economic growth, but also by wide-ranging social, political, and cultural changes. In this fast-paced period, occupational division of work has become narrower and some functions of the family have gradually been taken over by the school. The function of the school has thus expanded. Generally, in traditional society, the school teacher's role was primarily that of guardian of cultural assets and disseminator of existing knowledge. In modem-day society, when values are becoming increasingly pluralistic, the school teacher is no longer facing a static and homogeneous state, but a swiftly changing and highly heterogeneous social environment. In this environment, the spread of knowledge is so fast that educational reform and change have become inevitable. The role of the school teacher has fundamentally changedno longer are they mere disseminators of traditional culture or existing knowledge, but communicators of social, economic, and cultural development. The work of the teacher not only affects educational function and achievement but, through molding the very values of students, is changing and consolidating social values and accelerating the speed of social progress. Based on this premise, this article studies the occupational prestige and professional image of teachers in Taiwan from the perspective of the teacher's changing role. On the one hand, through a collection of data, it provides concrete reference material for policymaking pertaining to the professional status of teachers of higher education, and, on the other, it makes a comparison with findings in our previous two surveys (1971 and 1979) to illustrate changes in the teacher's occupational prestige and professional image, thus providing reference material for raising the level of teachers and improving teacher education in the future. 相似文献
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Meg Maguire 《Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education》1991,16(1):66-78
There has been an attempt to insert market forces into sectors of state spending which has been accompanied by a concern with managerialism. In the educational arena this has resulted in moves towards greater accountability set against the need to monitor quality. This is needed because schools have failed the nation and partly this is the fault of inadequate teaching. One remedy is to subject teachers to regular appraisal, another is to reform teacher education courses. In relation to teacher education CATE clearly spells out how teacher education courses are to be developed and all teacher education institutions have to comply with these criteria; a form of quality control has been inserted. Through a necessarily limited account of work in one institution of Higher Education it is argued that any attemts to measure and debate a construct as complex as ‘quality’ is complicated when the subject of all this attention is an aspect of human endeavour. Quality cannot be considered in isolation from real social contexts. Finally exhortation and crude attempts to enhance teaching through some simple versions of ‘quality control might not be the most successful of strategies; praise, support and proper resourcing all have a part to play. 相似文献
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《Teaching and Teacher Education》2006,22(7):777-787
A key element in the current attempt to actualise the goals of the Dakar Framework of Action for Education for All in Nigeria is the broadening of access to education for disadvantaged groups. These groups include: nomadic pastoralists; migrant fishermen; and out-of-school children and youth. Special educational programs are being provided for them so as, inter alia, to: integrate them into the mainstream of Nigeria's social and political life; disseminate modern occupational and life skills; and promote cultural renewal based on reconstructionist principles.The major concern of this paper is to analyse the teacher education curriculum in Nigeria vis-à-vis the concrete existential realities in which teachers of these disadvantaged groups teach. It critically examines the extent to which the curriculum prepares teachers for the world of minority children, particularly the realities of the schools and the cultural contexts within which teaching takes place. To what extent has the teacher education curriculum adequately prepared teachers for the realities and challenges of teaching disadvantaged children? What do the teachers themselves think of the training they have received? How have their experiences as teachers of disadvantaged groups influenced their sense of marginalisation, professionalism and sense of worth? These questions are posed using quantitative and qualitative strategies so as to determine the level of congruence or incongruence between the existential realities of teachers’ work and the teacher education curriculum. Finally the paper highlights the suggestions made by the teachers sampled for this study about how to reform the teacher education curriculum in order most effectively to address the peculiarities and challenges of the cultural and educational contexts in which they work. 相似文献
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Donna Tangen 《International Journal of Inclusive Education》2017,21(1):63-72
Teacher education institutions play a key role in preparing pre-service teachers to graduate as competent and confident inclusive educators. Seeking to understand pre-service teachers’ current perceptions of diversity and inclusion, and how they perceived themselves as future inclusive educators, this qualitative study employed inductive analysis to explore pre-service teachers’ self-perceptions as inclusive teachers, utilising the theory of possible selves. Forty-six (n?=?46) of 292 pre-service teachers enrolled in an inclusive education subject in a graduate entry teacher education programme in eastern Australia participated in this study. Findings revealed that pre-service teachers had developed good theoretical understanding of inclusive education through their coursework. However, their development of possible selves as inclusive educators was less well-defined in that they had difficulty extending their understandings of who they might be as inclusive teachers beyond their coursework samples. This difficulty in identifying their cultural selves beyond a stereotypical norm of who a ‘classroom teacher’ is indicates a need for more and extensive time for pre-service teachers to develop their professional identities as inclusive educators. 相似文献
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As teachers enter the school communities of their initial practice, they experience identity shifts that reflect their learning. Throughout teacher education they have constructed an identity informed by their previous school experiences, the ideas and approaches promoted by their teacher education programs, and an ideal of the teachers they hope to become. The complex set of influences at the boundary between their lives as students and their lives as professionals causes them to confront their identities in new and sometimes disruptive ways (Flores & Day, 2006). New teaching situations introduce them to the thinking of experienced teachers, and to the needs of their first groups of learners, challenging the notions they have so far developed about who they are as teachers (Smagorinsky, Cook, Moore, Jackson, & Fry, 2004). This paper reports on interviews with 35 new teachers as they graduate from teacher education programs and enter the profession, and details their learning about agency and role in community resulting in identity changes within this boundary space. 相似文献
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May Britt Postholm 《Educational research; a review for teachers and all concerned with progress in education》2013,55(4):405-429
Background and purpose:?The article reviews studies that focus on the professional development of teachers after they have completed their basic teacher training. Teacher professional development is defined as teachers’ learning: how they learn to learn and how they apply their knowledge in practice to support pupils’ learning. The research question addressed in the article is: How do experienced teachers learn? Main argument:?The review is framed by theories within the constructivist paradigm. From this perspective, knowledge is perceived as the construction of meaning and understanding within social interaction. The social surroundings are seen as decisive for how the individual learns and develops. It is argued that courses and lectures, or ‘times for telling’, and teachers’ development of a metacognitive attitude are decisive factors for teachers’ learning within a constructivist frame of reference. Sources of evidence and method:?To attempt to answer the research question, a search was conducted of the subject of pedagogy in the ISI WEB of Science (search undertaken 9 August 2011) using the search strings ‘teacher learning’, ‘teacher development’ and ‘teacher professional development’, and covering the period from 2009 to 2011 to probe the most recent decade of research. Articles that dealt with basic education, primary and secondary school, were selected, and articles that dealt with learning using digital tools and the internet and newly trained teachers were rejected. A set of 31 articles was selected from this search. To ensure width and depth of coverage, this was supplemented by a selection of review studies and research on further education in respect of teachers’ learning. The texts were analysed by means of open and axial coding, developing main and sub-categories. Conclusions:?The review of articles shows that both individual and organisational factors impact teachers’ learning. Teacher co-operation has importance for how they develop, and some of the teachers can lead such learning activities themselves. Moreover, a positive school culture with a good atmosphere and understanding of teachers’ learning, in addition to co-operation with external resource persons, may impact the professional development of teachers. The article concludes with the reflection that learning in school is the best arena for further development of teachers. 相似文献
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《Teaching and Teacher Education》2005,21(4):403-414
“Sometimes the teacher will say, ‘Read to the bottom of the page,’ and I try but I fall behind. Then she asks questions and a whole bunch of kids can answer the questions but I can’t. I try to keep up with everything but it's really hard. Sarah; 6th grade social studies student”.This paper presents the results of a review of the research into content area teachers’ attitudes and beliefs about the teaching of reading within their subject area(s). As exemplified in the quote above, the ability to read and learn from text written to provide information can be difficult and frustrating for students who lack the skills. Content area teachers have been encouraged for decades to incorporate reading into their area of instruction, but have often chosen not to do this for a variety of reasons. In addition, teacher educators have attempted to work with content area teachers to help them consider how to incorporate reading instruction into their classroom.This paper takes a closer look at the reasons that motivate pre- and in-service content area teachers in grades 6–12 to either teach or not teach reading. It also examines the ways in which teacher educators have worked to help content area teachers learn how to teach reading and the degree to which these interventions have been successful. In doing so I argue that (a) our approaches to working with content area teachers on this topic have been limited and (b) simply creating positive attitudes towards teaching reading is not necessarily enough.This paper begins with a brief discussion of what it means to teach reading in the content areas. Next I present a general introduction to teacher beliefs and how they may influence the instructional decisions teachers make. Then I discuss the methodology for my review. This is followed by the results of my review with implications for how teacher educators might consider addressing this issue in the future. 相似文献
18.
John Wilson 《牛津教育评论》2013,39(3):337-344
Abstract Teacher careers in secondary schools have been transformed over the last 25 years. Established careers paths, based originally around the distinction between graduate subject‐specialists and non‐graduate teachers, have been progressively eroded and in recent years typical career progressions have given way to idiosyncratic work histories. Careers in teaching are being replaced by ‘careering’ teachers. As well as making it more difficult to plan a career, the ‘disestablishment’ of teacher careers has profound implications for the relations between teachers with different academic backgrounds and for patterns of influence within secondary schools. The progressive disestablishment of teacher careers has helped undermine traditional organisational patterns in secondary schools. It has strengthened still further the powers of patronage available to headteachers and brought particular benefits to the members of the burgeoning management groups who now assist them with their widened responsibilities. This increase in the influence of those with broader curricular and administrative responsibilities is at the expense of heads of traditional subject departments. More generally, the position of traditional subject graduates, with postgraduate teaching certificates, has deteriorated in relation both to those with degrees in education and to non‐graduate teachers. 相似文献
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Kay Martinez 《The Australian Educational Researcher》1992,19(1):59-68
It is established that the literature presents diverse positions on the impact of teacher education on beginning teacher practices. Teacher education is seen as a wasteland, a watershed for conservatism or progressivism, or a temporary influence quickly washed out by institutional and social conditions of school settings. The literature is unanimous in declaring teacher education inadequate. Data from a small scale interpretive study of entry into secondary school teaching are used to support two major claims. First, teacher education can function as a watershed equipping some beginning teachers with the competence and confidence to attempt reconstruction of existing school conditions. Second, no simple linear relationship exists between teacher education and beginning teacher practices; rather, they exist along with many other personal, institutional and social factors in a complex, interconnected network. 相似文献
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The paper examines the links between a recent focus in Australian universities on 'generic skills' or 'graduate qualities', and national employment policies directed at developing employment-related 'key competencies'. It examines the attempt by a team of teacher educators in Australia to develop curricula that would meet the goals of national workplace policy initiatives, while retaining the traditional university concern of teaching critical evaluation of information and social practice. The specific example is the teaching of sociology within a teacher education programme. However, the examples and analysis offered here would be of interest to university teachers working with students in any professional degree programme where there is an expectation that students will be able to understand and apply sociological knowledge within their professional field. The project was framed within the policy context of 'meeting students' needs' . 相似文献