共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
刘夏冰 《体育科技文献通报》2020,(1):127-127,145
儿童青少年是祖国的未来与希望,在一定程度上直接决定着国家未来的发展。随着“健康中国”和“体育强国”的规划与实施,小学生体质健康再次成为我们国家关注的热点问题。目前,我国中小学生的身体素质、肺活量持续下降,肥胖或超重学生比率增长较快,近视率居高不下。因此为了更好的提升小学生体质健康,促进小学生健康快乐的成长,通过对小学生体质下降的影响因素进行相关调研,发现了目前影响小学生体质健康的因素包括外界因素和自身因素,外界因素包括家庭因素、社会因素和学校因素,自身因素包括学习压力大、睡眠不足、体育锻炼意识不强等。针对出现的相关现状问题,为实现“健康中国”的战略目标和促进小学生体质健康,提出了我们需要注重素质教育,重视创新能力、调整膳食结构,倡导健康生活和加强体育参与,重视体育锻炼的相关对策。 相似文献
2.
曾卫平 《体育科技文献通报》2006,14(7):51-52,57
培养学生终身体育锻炼的能力是我国学校体育的追求目标。大学体育作为学校体育的最后阶段,是培养学生终生健身的关键阶段,也是我国实施全民健身这一目的的最有效时期。本文从如何培养学生具备将健美操养成自己终身体育项目的能力方面进行研究,通过在健美操教学中,从重视基本知识,培养音乐素质,掌握创编技巧三方面入手,促使学生能够有能力将健美操培养成终身体育项目。 相似文献
3.
Physical education's role in public health 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
The public health community is becoming increasingly interested in the potential contributions of school physical education to child health. School physical education is seen as an ideal site for the promotion of regular physical activity because up to 97% of elementary school children participate in some sort of physical education program. For maximal public health benefit, school physical education programs should prepare children for a lifetime of physical activity. This public health goal for physical education may require some changes in current approaches. Physical educators are challenged to collaborate with public health professionals in developing and evaluating school physical education programs that will improve the health of the nation's youth. 相似文献
4.
Achievement goal theory and the expectancy-value model of achievement choice were used to examine fourth-grade students' motivational changes in an elementary physical education running program. In fall and spring of the school year, participants (N = 113; 66 boys, 47 girls) completed questionnaires assessing achievement goals, expectancy beliefs, subjective task values, and intention for future running participation. They also completed a timed 1-mile (1.6 km) run. The number of laps they ran/walked during the school year was used to assess students' persistence/effort. Results indicated the students improved their run but became less motivated about running while participating in a year-long running program. Children's beliefs about how good they were in the running program (i.e., expectancy beliefs) and their perceptions of how interesting and fun it was (i.e., interest) emerged as the strongest positive predictors of their motivation for running over time. These findings provide strong empirical evidence that expectancy beliefs and interest are essential to children's motivation in elementary physical education. 相似文献
5.
6.
Hopper CA Munoz KD Gruber MB Nguyen KP 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2005,76(2):130-139
This study examined the efficacy of a school-based exercise and nutrition program with a parent component. Third-grade children (N = 238) from six elementary schools participated in the study, with three schools randomly assigned to a program group and the other three schools to a control group. The program group received a health-related fitness school-based program and a home program that required parents and children to complete activities and earn points for nutrition and exercise activities. The control group received their traditional physical education and nutrition education program. Univariate analysis of variance on pre- and posttest scores were completed on the following variables: height, weight, body mass index, skinfold, blood cholesterol, mile run, exercise and nutrition knowledge, calories, protein, carbohydrates, total fat, saturated fat, dietary cholesterol, fiber, sodium, percentage of calories from carbohydrates, and percentage of calories from fat. At pretest, the treatment and control groups did not significantly differ on the measures using schools as the unit of analysis. Girls scored significantly higher than boys on skinfold and pretest knowledge. At posttest, the treatment group scored significantly higher than the control group on exercise and nutrition knowledge and significantly lower than the control group on total fat intake, using schools as the unit of analysis. There was no improvement in physiological measures, including blood cholesterol. The study demonstrated that schools can adjust curriculum to meet some health needs of students and achieve modest changes in exercise and nutrition knowledge and diet. The family component of the program provided a practical approach to improving physical activity and nutrition behaviors for elementary school teachers who teach many participants in a crowded curriculum. 相似文献
7.
近些年来,随着人们的生活水平不断提高,小学生的体质健康问题也越来越受到社会和国家的重视。由于家庭的溺爱及学业的压力,许多的小学生都没有得到充分的体育锻炼,因此带来的体质健康问题也越来越多,而且小学生是未来国家建设和发展的主力军,因此小学生的体质健康就显得尤为重要。小学阶段的学生由于年龄偏小,可塑性很强,因此作为教育工作者,需要正确、科学地引导小学生加强体育锻炼。 相似文献
8.
ABSTRACT Background: School-based physical education has been associated with a multitude of potential learning outcomes. Representatives of a public health perspective suggest that promoting physical activity in and outside the context of school is an important endeavour. While the importance of behavioural skill training to improve (motor) learning is well documented in both general and physical education, the promotion of behavioural skills to foster physically active lifestyles constitutes a rather neglected area in physical education research. Purpose: To examine whether a standardized physical education-based behavioural skill training program has the potential to positively impact on adolescents’ self-reported exercise and sport participation, as well as cognitive antecedents involved in the regulation of exercise and sport behaviour. Research design: Cluster-randomized controlled trial. Methods: A sample of 143 secondary school students (50% girls, aged 14–18 years) attending academic high schools in German-speaking Switzerland were assigned class-wise to the intervention (behavioural skill training) and control condition (conventional physical education lessons). Data were assessed prior and after completion of the 7-week intervention program, which was composed of four 20-min lessons and two reflection phases. Exercise and sport behaviour and cognitive antecedents (exercise/sport intention, motivation, implementation intentions, coping planning, self-efficacy) were assessed via self-reports. A multilevel mixed effects linear regression procedure was used to test the main hypotheses. The regression analyses were adjusted for clustering of school classes, and controlled for baseline levels of the outcome measure and potential confounders. Results: Compared to a control condition, the intervention program resulted in significant improvements with regard to introjected motivation (p?<?.05), coping planning (p?<?.001) and self-efficacy (p?<?.01). The intervention also had a positive impact on adolescents’ self-reported sport/exercise behaviour (p?<?.001). Improvements in exercise/sport intention (p?<?.05), coping planning (p?<?.01), and self-efficacy (p?<?.01) were associated with increased levels of self-reported exercise/sport participation. Conclusion: Behavioural skill training as part of compulsory physical education has the potential to improve cognitive antecedents of exercise and sport behaviour and to foster adolescents’ exercise and sport participation. Enhancing behavioural skills might be one way in which school physical education can contribute to the creation of more physically active lifestyles among adolescents. 相似文献
9.
随着现代社会的快速发展,常规的体育教学模式已经不能有效地满足学生们的身体需求,因此,在体育教学模式上,应不断探索,找到一种更有效、更适合学生的教学方法,激发学生自主学习的积极性。自主学习,要求学生以学校体育课堂学习为主的同时,培养学生在学习过程中的兴趣和积极性,增加学生的学习机会和空间,从而达到"自主锻炼"的目的。本文围绕着体育课堂中怎样提升学生自主学习做出分析与探讨。 相似文献
10.
学生体质状况关系到学生乃至整个国家的未来与发展,然而目前中国学生体质呈下降趋势,必须要高度重视这一社会现象。对学生体质下降的原因进行剖析,认为国家体育职能没能充分发挥,教育体制改革还亟待深入开展;经济社会的发展造就了现代社会的不良生活方式;学校对体育教学重视不够,个别教师责任和事业心缺失;家长对体育锻炼的意义认识不足,独生子女受到畸形“呵护”和学生自身的体育锻炼习惯和健康意识缺乏是造成学生体质下降主要归因。并针对性地提出发挥政府职能,改革现有高考制度;加大舆论宣传,倡导“健康第一”的社会生活方式;加强学校体育工作,发挥其提高学生体质健康的主渠道作用;更新家长的健康意识和观念,重视家庭的教育作用;增强青少年体育意识,疏离远大理想和长远目标等干预措施和对策,为全面提高学生身体素质,提升学生未来竞争能力以及国家的长治久安提供理论支持。 相似文献
11.
Jo Harris 《Physical Education & Sport Pedagogy》2014,19(5):466-480
Background: Physical education teacher education (PETE) offers a context for students to learn about the promotion of active lifestyles in secondary schools through their interactions and experiences during the teacher education process. However, previous studies have found low levels of health-related fitness knowledge amongst PETE students, which is a concern given that there are high expectations of physical education (PE) to promote healthy, active lifestyles. In addition, international literature reveals a number of problematic issues associated with health-related teaching, learning and professional development in PE. Exploration of health-related experiences within the PETE process and consideration of the extent to which they address these previously identified issues were considered worthy of study because of PETE's potential to influence the health-related teaching of the students, and to ultimately impact the health-related knowledge and behaviour of the pupils they go on to teach.Purpose: To explore PETE students' health-related physical education (HRPE) knowledge, perceptions and experiences during a PETE programme.Participants and setting: Purposive selection of PE students on a one-year post-graduate secondary PETE programme at one University in England, working in partnership with up to 60 schools.Research design: Case study.Data collection: A qualitative approach founded on the interpretive paradigm was used, utilising a questionnaire completed by 124 PETE students.Data analysis: Responses to the open-ended questions were analysed by means of the generation of themes using constructivist grounded theory methods.Findings: At the outset of their programme, PETE students' knowledge of how active children should be was limited and confused. Their initial perceptions of the learning associated with promoting healthy, active lifestyles in PE were at variance with what they experienced in schools during their training. These experiences were diverse, the most common structure being discrete units of study with no health-related learning evident within the rest of the PE programme. The focus of the HRPE learning was predominantly physiological with minimal attention to physical activity recommendations or monitoring. Most students experienced school-based HRPE programmes, which they considered not particularly effective in promoting healthy, active lifestyles amongst young people.Conclusion: It would seem that PETE is not adequately preparing future PE teachers to promote healthy, active lifestyles and is not addressing previously identified issues in health-related teaching and learning. Changes clearly need to be made to the health-related interactions and experiences within PETE and within any PE, and sports science degree programmes preceeding or associated with PETE. PE is unlikely to effectively promote healthy, active lifestyles without the health-related aspect of PETE being radically changed, especially and crucially the school-based provision. This requires professionals working together to draw upon and utilise up-to-date health knowledge, as well as the best available guidance on how to ensure that teachers are able to use such information. 相似文献
12.
13.
Wesley O’Brien 《Sport, Education and Society》2013,18(8):907-911
ABSTRACTEffective and sustainable strategies for physical activity promotion during childhood are of considerable importance to physical education, sport, and health organisations. Multi-component physical activity intervention approaches for children and young people are firmly rooted within the literature; however, there is a dearth of research evidence pertaining to healthy lifestyle promotion within and beyond the school environment. ‘Promoting active lifestyles in schools’ represents a valuable resource for teachers seeking to integrate health-related learning and encourage physically active students. The essential ingredients within this book are the active pedagogies and the health-related learning strategies for children from the ages of 5 to 16 years. Through a consistent formula, this book positions the longitudinal process of health-related learning at the centre of its practice, by providing age-appropriate learning outcomes, activities and assessment strategies within and beyond the school environment. This review seeks to examine the focus of the book and consider its contribution to the existing empirical evidence base within the fields of physical education, health education and physical activity promotion. 相似文献
14.
高中阶段是心理问题高发阶段,需要适量的体育运动促进学生的身心健康。当前高中体育教学存在模块设置不科学、学情分析不深入、学生参与不积极等问题,无法发挥其促进学生身心全面发展的作用。主要原因在于体育运动被弱化、教师专业视野不开阔,学科专业性不强、学生参加体育运动存在心理障碍,锻炼积极性不高。笔者认为瑜伽运动与高中体育模块教学相融合,在促进体育模块教学多元拓展的同时,能对学生的身心健康发展起到积极的正向作用,从而培养学生良好的体育理念和体育素养。在瑜伽模块教学实践中,笔者从理论推广、兴趣调动、技能训练、拓展延伸等方面进行了合理化实践探索。 相似文献
15.
在健美操教学中培养女大学生终身体育习惯的探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
朱性民 《体育科技文献通报》2007,15(2):79-80,93
培养学生终身体育锻炼的能力是我国学校体育的追求目标。大学体育作为学校体育的最后阶段,是培养学生终生健身的关键阶段,也是我国实施全民健身这一目的的最有效时期。本文从学生需要的角度调查和教学实践,提出在健美操教学中从学习基本素材,培养音乐素养,掌握创编技巧三方面入手,促使女大学生有能力将健美操培养成终身体育项目。 相似文献
16.
实践证明,建设有中国特色的学校体育,实现学校体育现代化,是当代我国学校体育改革和发展的方向。建设有中国特色的学校体育,是在总结我国以往体育教学的经验与教训的基础上,探索未来学校体育发展的规律性。在新时期＂构建社会主义和谐社会＂的大背景下,随着时代的发展,我国学校体育的教学目标应为：在学生学练运动技术达到强身健体的前提下,从培养学生的＂个人价值＂转变为寻求＂个人价值和社会价值＂之间的平衡。并以此对教学内容、课程设置、教学评价也做出相应的调整,为我国今后的体育课教学改革与发展提供一些有益的启示和借鉴。 相似文献
17.
鞠年群 《体育科技文献通报》2013,21(3):82-83,95
新课标下对学生体育意识的培养上从以往的短期教育扩大到终身教育.在新修订的高中体育与健康教学课程中,所明确的教学目的之一就是要有体育意识,为终身体育奠定基础,这种意识上的转变体现了我国高中体育教学的一个新形势.另外,新课程要求重视学生的个性上的培养,同时培养学生的自信心和创造力.因此在体育教学的策略选择与方法运用上,以及在技能学习上需要根据学生心理活动、心理特征来进行教学设置、安排教学内容、制定教学目标实、施教学方法. 相似文献
18.
João Martins Adilson Marques António Rodrigues Hugo Sarmento Marcos Onofre Francisco Carreiro da Costa 《Sport, Education and Society》2018,23(5):505-519
Based on a socio-ecological framework for physical education (PE), this study explored and analysed the perspectives of physically active and inactive adolescent boys and girls with different socioeconomic status (SES), regarding the meanings that PE had on their physical activity (PA) lifestyles throughout childhood and adolescence. An interpretative and qualitative design was adopted and operationalised through an individual two-hours in-depth interview. Thematic analysis identified five main themes that distinguish active from inactive adolescents: ‘Early experiences of PE at primary school’; ‘PE experiences in middle and secondary school’; ‘Friendly, professional and pedagogue. That’s what I want from my PE teacher’; ‘Friends in PE and PA’; ‘Active lifestyles? Are schools and PE ready for making a difference?…’. Regardless of the lifestyle, girls revealed more PE negative experiences, related to uninteresting and competitive activities, groups’ constitution and logistic factors. SES played a major role on their PA and PE experiences, with low SES adolescents having limited opportunities inclusively within the primary school PE context. This study provides evidence for the importance of promoting positive PE and PA experiences in early years. Based on adolescents’ voices, several recommendations are discussed that can be considered for improving PE professionals’ effectiveness in promoting active lifestyles. 相似文献
19.
为响应国家号召,进一步提升小学生的体质健康,将新兴项目匹克球引入小学体育课堂,丰富教学内容的同时,为学校体育课程建设提供理论依据和路径选择。运用文献资料法对匹克球在深圳市小学体育课堂的开展进行前瞻性展望。研究认为匹克球的有效开展能提高学生的身体素质;使小学生摆脱对网络的依赖性,养成良好的锻炼习惯;提高小学生的团队协作能力,有利于坚毅品质的培养。在开展匹克球项目路径构建方面,可采用体教结合,以赛事为推动,注重师资的培训;在匹克球进小学课堂实施展望方面,可从扩大匹克球运动的知晓度,政府加大经费支持力度、社会组织加大宣传,扩大参与人群等方面实现。 相似文献
20.
《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2012,83(4):440-451
ABSTRACTAlthough there has been forward movement in identifying and addressing diverse learning needs, social justice education is not a significant part of the current standards for beginning teachers or K-12 students in the U.S. Throughout our standards-based history, social justice has been more of a hidden curriculum. To attain the 50 Million Strong by 2029 goal, it is vital to acknowledge that physical education is a social justice issue. Without consideration of the historical, political, and social contexts that permeate and frame physical education, along with the social identities and lived experiences of our future teachers and students, it is unlikely that this goal will be sustained. While concerns have been voiced relative to the standards-based teaching movement, in a country that espouses standards-based education, a first step in moving any educational reform forward is to formalize its inclusion in the national standards that serve to guide our discipline. A philosophical shift may be what is needed for change to occur regarding social justice education in an attempt to enhance the learning opportunities for all students. A forward step in creating this change is to address the research and pedagogical practices of our current physical education teacher education and K-12 programs, along with the physical education standards and policies at the national and state levels. We specifically articulate connections between social justice education and four key, interconnected research areas related to (a) occupational socialization, (b) curriculum, instruction, and assessment, (c) technology, and (d) professional development. 相似文献