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1.
《科技通报》2015,(9)
目的:分析肥胖儿童下肢运动中的异常运动特征。方法:以某市某小学的30名学生为研究对象,将受试者划分为肥胖组和对照组,受试者以一定的角速度完成屈伸运动,各关节进行6次屈伸运动。对所有受试者每个关节最大峰力矩与最大相对峰力矩进行记录及统计。依据Cleveland Clinic法放置反光标记球。实验时要求受试者进行15s静态捕捉,及7个正常步速的步态周期。摄像机采集反光标记球,再利用Vicon Nexus 1.7.1完成自主测量及数据分析,通过Vicon Body Builder求出关节力矩,完成运动学和动力学分析。结果:运动前后肥胖组的身高、体重、BMI均无显著性差异。运动后,肥胖组伸膝绝对肌力、伸膝相对肌力、屈膝相对肌力明显增加,有显著性差异;屈膝绝对肌力、踝背屈绝对肌力、踝趾屈绝对肌力、踝背屈相对肌力、踝趾屈相对肌力非常显著性增加。对照组伸膝绝对肌力及相对肌力均非常显著性下降。肥胖组运动后步幅时间显著下降、步速显著增加,具有统计学意义;对照组运动后步幅时间显著增加,具有统计学意义。运动后肥胖组的髋关节在矢状面活动范围增加,有显著性差异;膝关节在矢状面活动范围降低,有非常显著性差异。肥胖组运动后髋关节的屈力矩增加,有显著性差异。和对照组相比变化值差异有统计学意义。结论:肥胖儿童下肢运动中的异常运动均有所改善。 相似文献
2.
目的:分析小鼠过度运动状态下内分泌症状特征。方法:将小鼠随机分成空白对照组、常规运动组、过度运动组三组,每组各10只,空白对照组每天无任何特殊运动,正常饲养,过度运动组小鼠进行过度训练,常规运动组小鼠在与过度运动组相同的游泳箱中每天进行30 min的游泳训练,持续7 d,测定心系数、收缩压、心率、血浆心钠索、ET、Ang、NO、NOS等指标。结果:和对照组相比,常规运动组和过度运动组小鼠的心脏系数/体重指数变化具有显著性统计学意义。运动后常规运动组和过度运动组的平均血浆心钠素水平均非常显著高于运动前,运动前后常规运动组的平均血浆心钠素量也分别显著高于过度运动组。与对照组相比,常规运动组ET具有显著性差异,Ang具有极显著性差异,过度运动组的Ang显著低于常规运动组。常规运动组与过度运动组与对照组相比,NO、NOS活性均有非常显著性差异,过度运动组小鼠NO活性显著低于常规运动组小鼠,过度运动组小鼠NOS活性低于常规运动组小鼠,但无显著性差异。结论:过度运动状态下,小鼠体内分泌各指标值降低,内分泌系统活力大大降低,紊乱程度增大,使得小鼠机体功能大大减弱。 相似文献
3.
本文研究运动训练对肥胖大鼠腹内脂肪、血压和蛋白尿的影响。通过高脂膳食进行肥胖造模。随机将SD大鼠分为4组：安静对照组、运动对照组、安静肥胖组、运动肥胖组（对四组大鼠进行3月跑台训练,其中Sed-Ob=安静肥胖组,Ex-Ob=运动肥胖组,Sed-C=安静对照组,和Ex-C=运动对照组）。对大鼠腹内脂肪含量、肌酐,蛋白尿、血压进行实验研究。结果表明：安静对照组的大鼠血压正常,而安静肥胖组大鼠血压高;经过1月的锻炼运动肥胖组血压下降。运动训练组的体重和腹膜后脂肪量低于安静对照组。安静肥胖组尿蛋白排泄量明显高于安静对照组。目前的研究结果使我们得出这样的结论：运动训练可以降低饮食诱导的肥胖大鼠腹内脂肪含量、血压和蛋白尿。 相似文献
4.
目的:分析周期有氧运动下肥胖小鼠心肌收缩能力。方法:选取肥胖昆明小鼠12只,正常昆明小鼠12只为对照组,无负重游泳训练8周(每周5天,每天2小时),构建周期有氧运动训练模型。采用单心肌细胞边缘探测系统检测各组小鼠心肌收缩能力。通过蛋白免疫印迹法检测心肌细胞自噬蛋白的表达。结果:正常对照组小鼠摄食量同肥胖组小鼠没有差异,肥胖组小鼠摄入的能量高于正常对照组,肥胖组小鼠在运动期间体重增长率显著高于正常对照组(P0.01)。周期有氧运动训练能够有效改善肥胖小鼠心肌收缩能力,显著增加肥胖组小鼠心肌最大收缩幅度以及最大收缩速率(±dL/dt),延长心肌收缩时程(均P0.05),上调肥胖心肌激活的蛋白激酶(AMPK)磷酸化的水平。检测心肌自噬标志物Beclin-1以及Atg7发现,同正常组对比,肥胖组小鼠心肌自噬水平显著降低(P0.05)。结论:周期有氧运动可促进肥胖组小鼠代谢水平,有效上调肥胖小鼠心肌收缩自噬的水平,改善肥胖小鼠心肌收缩能力。 相似文献
5.
《科技通报》2017,(10)
目的:研究长期高强度有氧训练对雄性大鼠跟腱粘弹性的影响。方法:选择雄性大鼠80只作为研究对象,随机将其划分成一次性跑台运动对照组、一次性跑台运动组、长期运动组和长期运动对照组,按照分组进行相应的训练。结果:一次性跑台运动对照组大鼠跟键组织主要由按顺应力方向排列整齐、结构致密的胶原纤维组成,胶原原纤维存在典型周期性横纹。一次性跑台运动组大鼠跟键局部胶原纤维之间的间隔变大,局部排列错乱。长期运动组大鼠跟腱组织胶原纤维排列较规则,粗细均匀,胶原纤维排列紧密。长期运动对照组大鼠胶原纤维排列紊乱,粗细不均,有部分出现断裂,胶原纤维较少。长期运动组大鼠刚度和最大载荷非常显著性高于长期运动对照组大鼠(P0.01),能量吸收显著高于长期运动对照组大鼠(P0.05)。一次性跑台运动组与一次性跑台运动对照组跟腱水含量、跟腱重量、羟脯氨酸无显著性差异(P0.05);长期运动组大鼠跟腱水含量、跟腱重量、羟脯氨酸与长期运动对照组大鼠相比无显著性差异(P0.05)。一次性跑台运动组PⅠNP显著高于一次性跑台运动对照组(P0.05),PⅢNP非常显著性高于一次性跑台运动对照组(P0.01)。长期运动组PⅠNP和colⅠα1非常显著性高于长期运动对照组(P0.01)。结论:长期高强度有氧训练能够增强雄性大鼠跟腱粘弹性。 相似文献
6.
目的:分析了学龄前肥胖与正常儿童(4～6岁)自然行走时足底压力的分布特征,旨在探讨肥胖对儿童足部形态的不利影响,进而提出干预措施.方法:采用韩国Inbody J20和比利时Rsscan足底压力板测试系统对浙江省4所不同地市幼儿园的691名4～6岁学龄前儿童进行测量.根据WHO的相关定义,筛选出47人为肥胖儿童组,按性别和年龄配对随机抽取体重正常儿童47人为正常组,分别研究在接触时间、接触面积、压力峰值等指标方面的差异,来探索肥胖对足底压力的影响.结果:肥胖儿童在自然行走时足绝对接触时间大于正常儿童,且足跟以及跖骨区域接触面积与峰值压力均大于正常儿童,尤其在足弓区域更为明显.结论:肥胖儿童组在自然行走过程中不能很好的完成对身体的缓冲着地与蹬伸离地,行走过程中稳定性也较差.肥胖儿童的足底压力特征较接近扁平足的步态特征,有发展成为扁平足的危险. 相似文献
7.
《内江科技》2020,(4)
目的:本研究选取杨式太极拳中的典型动作"云手"进行分析,获取探讨"云手"动作姿势控制特征的外在表现,提高老年人身体姿势控制能力,预防跌倒。方法:选取60岁以上、经常练习太极拳8年以上的老年人受试者共30名,采用Vicon红外运动捕捉系统采集受试者正常步行和表演太极拳的运动学数据,通过人体重心位移和下肢三个关节角度活动范围等指标对受试者进行量化评定。结果:与正常步行相比,"云手"动作在上下、左右和前后方向上均表现出较小的重心位移,除踝关节的跖屈背伸和内外旋角度活动范围比正常步行显著更大外,髋关节和膝关节角度活动范围一般更小。结论:"云手"可作为一种防止老年人横向跌倒的训练方式,以加强和改善身体稳定性,特别是髋关节、膝关节和踝关节的旋转运动,有利于提高身体姿势控制能力,从而达到良好的健身效果。 相似文献
8.
《科技通报》2015,(9)
目的:研究高强度有氧训练对运动员组织自由基代谢的影响。方法:随机选择某市某体育院校田径队中长跑组二级以上的30名运动员作为研究对象。将其随机划分成高强度有氧训练组和对照组,两组运动员分别按照各自的训练方案进行训练。结果:在高强度有氧训练后,高强度有氧训练组,肝、肾组织的SOD含量和对照组差别不大;心组织的SOD含量与对照组相比显著增大;血清的SOD含量与对照组相比非常显著性增大。高强度有氧运动组肾组织CAT含量高于对照组,但无显著性差异;心、肝组织及血清CAT含量与对照组相比具有非常显著性差异。高强度有氧运动组,心组织和血清中T-AOC含量与对照组相比无统计学意义;肾组织T-AOC含量与对照组相比显著增高;肝组织T-AOC含量与对照组相比呈非常显著性增高。高强度有氧运动组心组织中的MDA含量与对照组相比有所增大;肝、肾组织及血清中的MDA含量较对照组而言有非常显著性差异。高强度有氧运动组血清中CK、BU含量均非常显著高于对照组。高强度有氧运动组心、肝和血清SOD/MDA与对照组相比有非常显著性差异;肾组织与对照组相比无统计学意义。高强度有氧运动组心、肝、肾组织T-AOC/MDA与对照组相比显著升高;血清T-AOC/MDA无统计学意义。结论:高强度有氧训练组运动员阻止自由基代谢能力优于对照组。 相似文献
9.
目的:分析大鼠不间断奔跑对生长期骨骼健壮性的影响。方法:将24只4周龄雌性SD大鼠随机分为3组(对照组、间断跑台运动组及不间断跑台运动组)。间断和不间断跑台运动组分别进行7周,每周5次,每次6 min间隔10 min的跑台运动。实验后取大鼠后肢胫骨进行骨矿含量以及三点弯曲实验,及测定大鼠骨骼的生理生化指标。结果:与对照组相比,不间断跑台运动组大鼠的降血钙素、甲状旁腺激素、碱性磷酸酶、骨钙素比运动前明显降低,而脱氧吡啶啉、最大载荷、弹性载荷以及除骨灰度外的骨矿含量指标都显著增加;间断跑台运动组的弹性载荷显著高于对照组和不间断跑台运动组,而最大挠度则显著低于不间断跑台运动组。结论:不间断奔跑能够提高生长期大鼠骨骼胫骨的骨矿含量,增强大鼠骨骼的生物力学特性,提高骨骼的抗变形能力和抗断裂能力,增强大鼠骨骼的健壮性。 相似文献
10.
动物骨骼的出现,意义非常重大。特别是脊椎动物进化出一条纵贯背部的脊柱,从而使它们的运动,无论在速度还是在灵敏度方面,都获得了高度的发展。骨骼可以支撑庞大的躯体,于是出现了鲸、大象、长颈鹿和恐龙那样的大型动物。对人类来说,骨骼的特殊结构使直立成为可能。 相似文献
11.
Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
12.
A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
13.
Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
14.
Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
15.
A research group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol-a chemical found in the skins of red grapes in red wine-can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin according to a report in the October issue of Cell Metabolism.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):14-15
Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said. 相似文献
16.
Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
17.
Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
18.
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献
19.
Active biological molecules functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery disease diagnosis therapy new nanodevice construction.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):22-22
Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction. 相似文献
20.
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(3)
<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence 相似文献