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1.
Marsha V. Krotseng 《Research in higher education》1992,33(1):99-111
With the currently dwindling traditional applicant pool, retention is higher education's holy grail of the nineties. Western Psychological Services is marketing its new Student Adaptation to College Questionnaire (SACQ) as providing early evidence of poor adjustment and potential attrition. While the SACQ closely parallels Tinto's model of institutional departure, no previously published research addresses its ability to differentiate persisters from nonpersisters. Using discriminant analysis, the present study examined (1) the extent to which the SACQ accurately predicts student departure for a private, comprehensive university; (2) SACQ items distinguishing nonpersisters; (3) use with an incoming class; and (4) evidence linking the SACQ with intervention strategies. The paper will appeal to a wide audience, especially those concerned with enrollment management and assessment.Presented at the Thirty-first Annual Forum of the Association for Institutional Research, San Francisco, May 26–29, 1991. 相似文献
2.
高校教师角色适应不良表现:其一,高校教师职业倦怠严重;其二,高校教师感觉压力过大;其三,高校教师亚健康状况普遍,这些必然危及高校教育教学质量。当下,虽然高校教师角色适应不良问题十分突出,但由于它诱发于合理的多元背景即高等教育国际化给高校教师带来了严峻的挑战,社会转型给高校教师带来了巨大的冲击,高等教育大众化给高校教师带来了更重的负荷,高校内部管理体制改革给高校教师带来了更多的压力。因此,高校教师角色适应不良难以回避。从学理而言,研究高校教师角色适应问题具有十分明显的理论意义与实践价值。与已有的高校教师问题研究相比,研究高校教师角色适应问题在理论层面与实践层面均具有显著的意义。 相似文献
3.
Resilient Adaptation Among At‐Risk Children: Harnessing Science Toward Maximizing Salutary Environments 
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下载免费PDF全文 Compiled in this Special Section are recommendations from multiple experts on how to maximize resilience among children at risk for maladjustment. Contributors delineated processes with relatively strong effects and modifiable by behavioral interventions. Commonly highlighted was fostering the well‐being of caregivers via regular support, reduction of maltreatment while promoting positive parenting, and strengthening emotional self‐regulation of caregivers and children. In future work, there must be more attention to developing and testing interventions within real‐world settings (not just in laboratories) and to ensuring feasibility in procedures, costs, and assessments involved. Such movement will require shifts in funding priorities—currently focused largely on biological processes—toward maximizing the benefits from large‐scale, empirically supported intervention programs for today's at‐risk youth and families. 相似文献
4.
张茗 《淮南职业技术学院学报》2013,(1):36-38
高校新生入学后面临着人际关系、学习、生活适应等适应不良现象,团体心理辅导在大学新生入学适应教育中,对促进学生环境适应、学业进步、建立良好的人际关系和自我意识,培养健全人格中具有积极的作用。 相似文献
5.
Nishina A 《Child development》2012,83(2):405-412
The present study examined whether repeated exposure to daily surveys about negative social experiences predicts changes in adolescents' daily and general maladjustment, and whether question content moderates these changes. Across a 2-week period, 6th-grade students (N = 215; mode age = 11) completed 5 daily reports tapping experienced or experienced and witnessed negative events, or they completed no daily reports. General maladjustment was measured in 2-week intervals before, at the end of, and 2 weeks after the daily report study. Daily maladjustment either decreased or did not change across the 5 daily report exposures. General maladjustment decreased across the three 2-week intervals. Combined, results indicate that short-term daily report studies do not place youth at risk for increased maladjustment. 相似文献
6.
Michelle Kilpatrick Demaray Christine Kerres Malecki Lisa M. Davidson Kelly K. Hodgson P. Jacob Rebus 《Psychology in the schools》2005,42(7):691-706
This study is an examination of the relationship of perceived social support and adolescents' adjustment behaviors over time. The sample (n = 82) included students from two at‐risk urban middle schools. Utilizing two measures, the Child and Adolescent Social Support Scale (CASSS; C. K. Malecki, M. K. Demaray, & S. N. Elliott, 2000) and the Behavior Assessment System for Children, Self Report of Personality (BASC; C. R. Reynolds & R. W. Kamphaus, 1998), data were collected at three time points. Results point to a relationship between social support and student adjustment behaviors over time. Specifically, support from parents was related to clinical maladjustment and emotional symptoms one year later. In fact, parent support was still related to clinical maladjustment one year later even after students' earlier levels of clinical maladjustment were taken into account. Parent support was also related to personal adjustment in the short term (6 months). Classmate support was related to students' emotional symptoms one year later. Finally, school support was related to school maladjustment one year later even after students' earlier school maladjustment was taken into account. Implications for school psychologists are discussed. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Psychol Schs 42: 691–706, 2005. 相似文献
7.
《硕士生大纲》与《课程要求（试行）》的对比与分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
原苏荣 《上海师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2006,35(2):128-132
教学大纲是指导教学的纲领性文件。本文通过从教学目标、教学对象和教学要求三个方面对《非英语专业硕士研究生英语教学大纲》与《大学英语课程教学要求(试行)》进行对比分析,明显看出两者之间有许多不同之处。因此,了解两者的异同,明确它们在教学要求不衔接的问题,对合理安排硕士生的英语教学,突出硕士生英语教学特点,转变教学理念、更新教学手段,提高教学质量十分重要。 相似文献
8.
采用问卷调查法,对400名高考学生的心理健康与应对方式的特点及其关系进行考察。结果表明:(1)高考学生在强迫、焦虑、学习压力感、适应不良和情绪波动性5个因子上都普遍存在轻度的心理健康问题,且应届生学习压力显著大于复读生;(2)对于应届高考学生来说,男生的学习压力显著高于女生;对于复读生来说,男生的心理不平衡显著高于女生;(3)在压抑维度上,应届生和复读生存在显著差异,复读生高于应届生;(4)高考学生的心理健康与消极应对方式呈显著正相关。 相似文献
9.
以广州市中学生601人为被试,采用＂内—外心理控制源量表＂和＂青少年社会适应行为量表＂,探讨广州市中学生心理控制源与社会适应行为的关系。结果发现：（1）不同学校环境对青少年的心理控制源影响有显著差异,重点学校学生表现得更内控;（2）青少年心理控制源与社会适应行为显著关系,其中与适应良好行为呈负相关,与适应不良行为呈正相关;（3）青少年心理控制源可以预测社会适应行为,其中对适应良好行为起负向预测作用,对适应不良行为起正向预测作用。研究结论：心理控制源能够影响社会适应行为。 相似文献
10.
James Clyde DiPerna 《Journal of College Counseling》2004,7(1):64-72
The purpose of this study was to explore the structural and concurrent validity of the Academic Competence Evaluation Scales‐College (ACES‐College; J. C. DiPerna & S. N. Elliott, 2001). Results indicated that the ACES‐College is composed of 2 scales—Academic Skills and Academic Enablers—each with multiple subscales. Results also indicated that scores from the ACES‐College are moderately correlated with students' current and cumulative grade point averages. Directions for future research and implications for practice are discussed. 相似文献
11.
QQ 空间与大学生心理健康 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
大学生的 QQ 空间折射出了大学生的一些心理问题,诸如自我认识失调、考试焦虑、人际关系适应不良、爱情困扰、孤独寂寞等.这与大学生自身所处的心理阶段、家庭环境和学校环境、社会环境有一定的关系.社会应营造健康的QQ 空间氛围,学校应承担起引导大学生心理健康的责任,大学生自身应正确地认识自我以促进心理健康发展 相似文献
12.
《Parenting, science and practice》2013,13(4):285-315
Objective. To (1) examine the subjective experience of parenting stress as a mediator between 2 distal stressors (sociodemographic risk and global psychological maladjustment), and examine the parenting of methadone-maintained mothers, and (2) identify maladaptive and adaptive parenting correlates of specific types of parenting stress. Design. We analyzed baseline data from interviews conducted with 74 methadone-maintained mothers who expressed interest in a randomized clinical trial study testing the efficacy of a relational parenting intervention. Baseline measures included questionnaires on maternal psychological maladjustment, parenting stress, parenting problems, and children's maladjustment. Three series of hierarchical linear regressions were conducted to test the mediation model and specificity of associations. Results. Parenting stress mediated the associations between sociodemographic risk and 2 maladaptive parenting domains (aggression and neglect) and between psychological maladjustment and all 5 parenting domains examined (aggression, neglect, affective interactions, limit setting, and autonomy), although correlations were modest. Child-focused stress was associated with higher levels of aggression, limit-setting problems, and restricted autonomy. Stress derived from the mother - child relationship was associated with higher levels of neglect and affective withdrawal. Conclusions. Although preliminary in nature, results of this study indicate the importance of understanding the role of internal mechanisms (e.g., parenting stress) in the parenting processes of addicted women and examining specific correlates of their parenting problems. 相似文献
13.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the importance of the relationships with parents, peers, and teachers as a cause of adolescents’ smartphone addiction, and to examine the effect of parental neglect on smartphone addiction and the mediating effect of relational maladjustment in school, especially focusing on the relational maladjustment with peers and teachers. For this purpose, a survey was conducted of students from middle schools and high schools in four regions of South Korea. A total of 1170 middle-school students who reported using smartphone took part in this study. A multiple mediator model was analyzed using the bootstrapping mediation methods Parental neglect was significantly associated with adolescents’ smartphone addiction. Furthermore, in the relationship between parental neglect and smartphone addiction, parental neglect was not significantly associated with the relational maladjustment with peers, whereas the relational maladjustment with peers negatively influenced smartphone addiction. On the other hand, the relational maladjustment with teachers had a partial mediation effect between parental neglect and smartphone addiction. Based on the results of this study, some implications are suggested that include the need for (1) a customized program for adolescents who use smartphones addictively, (2) a family therapy program to strengthen family function, (3) an integrated case-management system to prevent the reoccurrence of parental neglect, (4) a program to improve relationships with teachers, and (5) expanding the leisure activity infrastructure to improve relationships with friends off-line. 相似文献
14.
OBJECTIVE: To (1) examine the subjective experience of parenting stress as a mediator between 2 distal stressors (sociodemographic risk and global psychological maladjustment), and examine the parenting of methadone-maintained mothers, and (2) identify maladaptive and adaptive parenting correlates of specific types of parenting stress. DESIGN: We analyzed baseline data from interviews conducted with 74 methadone-maintained mothers who expressed interest in a randomized clinical trial study testing the efficacy of a relational parenting intervention. Baseline measures included questionnaires on maternal psychological maladjustment, parenting stress, parenting problems, and children's maladjustment. Three series of hierarchical linear regressions were conducted to test the mediation model and specificity of associations. RESULTS: Parenting stress mediated the associations between sociodemographic risk and 2 maladaptive parenting domains (aggression and neglect) and between psychological maladjustment and all 5 parenting domains examined (aggression, neglect, affective interactions, limit setting, and autonomy), although correlations were modest. Child-focused stress was associated with higher levels of aggression, limit-setting problems, and restricted autonomy. Stress derived from the mother - child relationship was associated with higher levels of neglect and affective withdrawal. CONCLUSIONS: Although preliminary in nature, results of this study indicate the importance of understanding the role of internal mechanisms (e.g., parenting stress) in the parenting processes of addicted women and examining specific correlates of their parenting problems. 相似文献
15.
Bart Rienties Simon Beausaert Therese Grohnert Susan Niemantsverdriet Piet Kommers 《Higher Education》2012,63(6):685-700
More than 3 million students study outside their home country, primarily at a Western university. A common belief among educators
is that international students are insufficiently adjusted to higher education in their host country, both academically and
socially. Furthermore, several groups of international students experience considerable amounts of stress while adapting to
the culture of the host-institute. Several researchers argue that studies on adaptation of international students should widen
its focus to the underlying mechanisms that leads towards this “misalignment”. In a cross-institutional comparison among 958
students at five business schools in the Netherlands, differences in academic performance between local and international
students were identified by focussing on their levels of academic and social integration. Students’ academic integration was
measured with the Students’ Adaptation to College Questionnaire (SACQ), while students’ social integration was measured with
a newly developed and validated questionnaire. The results indicate that the degree of academic success of international students
is multi-faceted. International students with a (mixed) western ethnic background perform well on both academic and social
integration, and also attained higher study-performance in comparison to domestic students. In contrast, international students
with a non-Western background are less integrated compared to other international students. Nevertheless, they have a similar
study-performance. Finally, academic adjustment is the main predictor of study-performance for Dutch, Western and Mixed-Western
students. Social adjustment was negatively related to study-performance. The lack of fit for predicting long-term study success
of non-Western students indicates that their academic and social integration processes are more complex and non-linear. 相似文献
16.
Social Skills Learning for Students with Learning Disabilities and Students with Behaviour Disorders
Malka Margalit 《教育心理学》1995,15(4):445-456
This study examined the effects of a computer‐assisted social skills intervention on the social competence and behaviour adjustment of students with special needs. The sample consisted of 114 male students, divided into two groups: 52 students with learning disabilities (LD) (mean age = 12.23; SD = 1.12) and 62 students with behaviour disorders (BD) (mean age = 12.53; SD = 1.34). The students were trained with the “I Found a Solution” computer‐assisted social skill package. The intervention consisted of the computer‐assisted program and teacher‐guided work. Each student was assessed, before and after the training, on: teacher‐rated self‐control and maladjusted behaviours, peer‐rated social acceptance and self‐rated loneliness. Through conceptualisation based on the students’ loneliness and externalising maladjustment, four subgroups were identified: (a) relatively adjusted students; (b) externalising and not‐lonely students; (c) lonely and non‐externalising students; and (d) lonely and externalising students. The analyses included subgroups b, c and d, excluding the relatively adjusted subgroup, adding up to a sample of 83 students (35 students with learning disabilities and 48 students with behaviour disorders). A series of two‐way ANOVAs with repeated measures (grouping by subgrouping, with pre‐/post‐training scores as the repeated measures) revealed that following training, students in both groups felt less lonely and were more accepted by peers. Teachers rated them as demonstrating higher levels of self‐control and decreased externalising and internalising maladjustment. The differential impact of the training between groups (LD/BD) and among subgroups (b/c/d) highlighted the significance of the subtyping approach for understanding the children's social learning profiles and for directing effective social skill programming. 相似文献
17.
从新形势的需要探讨《非英语专业硕士研究生英语教学大纲》的修订 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
罗承丽 《清华大学教育研究》2002,(Z1)
本文针对硕士生英语教学目标在新形势下的不适应问题提出了重新定位教学目标 ,提高听、说技能地位的看法 ;针对《硕士生大纲》与新《本科生大纲》教学要求不衔接的问题指出了硕士生英语教学要求亟待提高的事实 ;针对硕士生英语学位课程考试与语言运用能力培养结合欠佳的问题提出了学位课程考试必须改革 ,需要加大主观题比例以及增加口试的建议。 相似文献
18.
The Children Depression Inventory (CDI) is a multidimensional instrument that includes items of social withdrawal, anhedonia,
asthenia, low self-esteem (internalized) and behavioral problems (externalized). Child depression has been related with low
academic achievement, neurotic and introverted personality traits and social maladjustment defined by aggressiveness, psychoticism
and antisocial behavior. In this work, it is hypothesized that in non-clinical populations, the relationships between CDI
scores and a low academic achievement might be basically due to social maladjustment assessed by the behavioral items of this
instrument, which do not necessarily tap depressive mood. The effects of both depressive mood and social maladjustment on
academic achievement are analyzed in an adolescent sample of 315 boys and 363 girls through Structural Equation Modelling
procedures. Results corroborate the hypothesis that social maladjustment measured by the CDI behavioral items and Psychoticism
explain low academic achievement over and above depressive mood measured by the rest of the CDI items, extraversion and neuroticism. 相似文献
19.
采用大学生专业承诺调查量表、大学生学习倦怠调查量表和社会支持评定量表,以民族聚居区高校604名大学生为对象,探讨学习倦怠、专业承诺和社会支持之间的关系,结果表明:(1)民族聚居区高校学生的学习倦怠水平较高,专业承诺水平不高,社会支持的总体水平较高,但对支持的利用度不高。(2)专业承诺和社会支持是民族聚居区高校学生学习倦怠的有效预测变量。具体表现为:情感承诺、继续承诺、理想承诺是情绪低落维度的有效预测变量;理想承诺是行为不当维度的有效预测变量;情感承诺是成就感低的有效预测变量;主观支持、对支持的利用度是情绪低落维度的有效预测变量;主观支持是行为不当维度的有效预测变量;支持的利用度是成就感低维度的有效预测变量。 相似文献
20.
随着高职院校教育改革的不断推进,高职毕业生的动手实践能力普遍得到提高,但就业质量和就业后的发展却受到职业素养的严重制约。当前高职教育职业素养教育存在认识不统一、载体不到位、教育队伍不合拍等困境。无锡南洋职业技术学院通过构建有引领力的培养方案、开发有鲜活力的素养课程、创设有感染力的教育载体、搭建有凝聚力的校企平台和打造有执行力的育人队伍等途径,切实提高毕业生的职业素养,使毕业生在职业生涯中获得更好的职业发展空间。 相似文献