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1.
【目的/意义】针对现有网络舆情态势感知方法存在的感知误差大、灵敏度低等问题,在意识形态视角下研
究网络舆情态势感知方法。【方法/过程】本文首先对网络舆情态势感知的基本概念、特征及网络舆情态势感知安全
结构进行了介绍;然后,在意识形态视角下,提出了捕获与处理网络舆情态势感知数据、识别网络舆情态势感知脆
弱性以及检测网络舆情态势感知行为事件的感知方法;最后,以网络公共事件作为研究对象对该网络舆情态势感
知方法进行测试研究。【结果/结论】实例分析结果表明：设计态势感知方法的感知误差低于 1,耗时时间低于 5s,即
设计方法具有良好的感知精度和灵敏度。【创新/局限】但在特征提取方面,所提出的方法并没有涉及合适的预测特
征。因此,在后续研究进程中应充分考虑网络舆情态势感知方法不同特征,并依据实际开发情况进行全新思考。 相似文献
2.
This paper presents not only mycommunityinfo.ca (MCI) as an innovative World Wide Web (WWW)-based community information (CI) site, but also how its unique approach to facilitating online CI searching on the Web reveals through empirical data how people use such information and communication technologies (ICTs) to address their everyday information needs. The geographic focus for this study is on three communities in Southwestern Ontario. MCI collects unobtrusively query data that are logged daily from its own Web site, the Web sites of three municipal governments, and one municipal agency from this region. One year’s worth of these data was supplied to determine the types of CI that are sought through Web searching. A content analysis of a large purposive sample of all of MCI’s query data reveals more specific and diverse conceptual CI needs between and within communities than those reported in other studies employing different data collection methods. As a result, using a centralized approach to online CI access via the WWW by other CI providers such as the 211 network may be a disservice to its users. Additionally, the findings demonstrate how a thorough analysis of such data may improve the informational content and overall design of municipal government Web sites. The analysis of these data also has the potential of improving current CI taxonomies. 相似文献
3.
A qualitative study of user information needs is reported, based on a purposive sample of users and potential users of the Vaughan Williams Memorial Library, a small specialist folk music library in North London. The study set out to establish what the users’ (both existing and potential) information needs are, so that the library’s online service may take them into account with its design. The information needs framework proposed by Nicholas [Nicholas, D. (2000) Assessing information needs: tools, techniques and concepts for the internet age. London: ASLIB] is used as an analytical tool to achieve this end. The demographics of the users were examined in order to establish four user groups: Performer, Academic, Professional and Enthusiast. Important information needs were found to be based on social interaction, and key resources of the library were its staff, the concentration of the collection and the library’s social nature. A collection of broad design requirements are proposed based on the analysis and this study also provides some insights into the issue of musical relevance, which are discussed. 相似文献
4.
This paper describes an ongoing research project that involves the study of teachers’ information seeking behaviors, needs and practices in relation to a collection of primary source materials available through the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC) Library’s digital library Documenting the American South (DocSouth). By gaining an in-depth understanding of the needs and wants of teachers in the context of their work, we hope to build a collection of learning objects and a domain ontology applied to the collection to improve teachers’ access to the cultural heritage materials and to facilitate their actual use in the classroom. 相似文献
5.
针对舞蹈教学中利用情境教学法的探索,介绍了在舞蹈教学中情境教学的意义,探讨了舞蹈教学与情境教学的关联性别,主要有在舞蹈教学中要利用语言来描绘舞蹈的情境教学、在舞蹈教学中要利用多媒体和影视画面再现情境教学、在舞蹈教学中要利用音乐来渲染情境教学,用音乐提高情境教学的效果,同时指出在舞蹈教学中使用情境教学法应注意的问题．使情境教学在舞蹈教学中收到事半功倍的效果。 相似文献
6.
《International Journal of Information Management》2017,37(3):179-189
Social commerce mediated by social media and social network platforms has led to the development of new business models in e-commerce and digitized the consumer decision journey. Social interaction is considered as a prerequisite for successful social commerce since consumers now expect an interactive and social experience while making purchase decisions. Drawing on word of mouth (WOM) and observational learning theories, we conceptualize social interactions in social commerce environments into two forms: WOM communication and observing other consumers’ purchases, and examine their impact on consumer purchase intention and actual purchase behavior. Analyzing primary data (n = 217) collected from surveyed active consumers within social commerce sites at two stages (pre-purchase and post-purchase), we found that positive and negative valence WOM, WOM content, and observing other consumers’ purchases significantly affect consumers’ intention to buy a product, thereby increasing the likelihood of actual buying and sharing product information with others on social commerce sites. 相似文献
7.
Fiona Murray 《Research Policy》2004,33(4):643-659
While science-based entrepreneurial firms are a key feature of the modern economy, our insights into their organization and productivity remain limited. In particular, our understanding of the mechanisms through which academic inventors shape entrepreneurial firms established to commercialize their scientific ideas is based upon a traditional perspective that highlights the importance of human capital. Based on a study of biotechnology firms and their academic inventors, this paper examines the extent and mechanisms through which academic scientists contribute not only human capital but also social capital to entrepreneurial firms. The paper makes two contributions to our understanding of the academic-firm interface: First, it establishes that the social capital of academic scientists is critical to firms because it can be transformed into scientific networks that embed the firm in the scientific community through a variety of mechanisms. Second, the paper argues that an academic inventor’s career plays a critical role in shaping his social capital, thus scientific careers mediate the networks and potential for embeddedness that an academic inventor brings to a firm. Specifically, the foundations of an academic’s social capital can be traced to two sources: The first element that the firm may leverage is the academic’s local laboratory network—a network to current and former students and advisors established by the inventor through his laboratory life. The second form of social capital is a wider, cosmopolitan network of colleagues and co-authors established through the social patterns of collaboration, collegiality and competition that exemplify scientific careers. These findings suggest that scientific careers are central in shaping an academic’s social capital which can be translated into critical scientific networks in which entrepreneurial firms become embedded. 相似文献
8.
Information seeking is traditionally conducted in environments where search results are represented at the user interface by a minimal amount of meta-information such as titles and query-based summaries. The goal of this form of presentation is to give searchers sufficient context to help them make informed interaction decisions without overloading them cognitively. The principle of polyrepresentation [Ingwersen, P. (1996). Cognitive perspectives of information retrieval interaction: elements of a cognitive IR theory. Journal of Documentation 52, 3–50] suggests that information retrieval (IR) systems should provide and use different cognitive structures during acts of communication to reduce the uncertainty associated with interactive IR. In previous work we have created content-rich search interfaces that implement an aspect of polyrepresentative theory, and are capable of displaying multiple representations of the retrieved documents simultaneously at the results interface. Searcher interaction with content-rich interfaces was used as implicit relevance feedback (IRF) to construct modified queries. These interfaces have been shown to be successful in experimentation with human subjects but we do not know whether the information was presented in a way that makes good use of the display space, or positioned most useful components in easily accessible locations, for use in IRF. In this article we use simulations of searcher interaction behaviour as design tools to determine the most rational interface design for when IRF is employed. This research forms part of the iterative design of interfaces to proactively support searchers. 相似文献
9.
[目的/意义] 为了探索社交网络用户交互情景体验对危机信息持续分享意愿影响机制,对社交网络中不同情景信息进行分类和定级,实现危机信息的差异化监控与治理,并从交互情景体验视角强化用户对正面信息的持续分享意愿。[方法/过程] 以用户知觉流畅性、认知专注度和线索依赖度为自变量,危机信息持续分享意愿为因变量,感知边际效用及期望确认度为中介变量构建研究理论模型,通过问卷调查法对相关数据进行采集,采用结构方程模型方法,并借助AMOS22.0统计软件对数据进行处理和分析。[结果/结论] 其研究发现：1）社交网络中,用户知觉流畅性、认识专注度及线索依赖度分别通过感知边际效用及期望确认度的中介作用,对危机信息持续分享意愿产生显著正向影响。2）用户认识专注度对信息持续分享意愿的影响效应最大,其次为知觉流畅性,最后为线索依赖度。3）用户知觉流畅性、认识专注度及线索依赖度对用户持续分享意愿的影响效应,在人口统计学上均存在显著性差异。最后,对研究结果进行分析和讨论,并指出了研究价值及未来展望。 相似文献
10.
Chunlin Li Jingpan Bai Zhao Wenjun Yang Xihao 《Information processing & management》2019,56(1):91-109
Recently, social network has been paid more and more attention by people. Inaccurate community detection in social network can provide better product designs, accurate information recommendation and public services. Thus, the community detection (CD) algorithm based on network topology and user interests is proposed in this paper. This paper mainly includes two parts. In first part, the focused crawler algorithm is used to acquire the personal tags from the tags posted by other users. Then, the tags are selected from the tag set based on the TFIDF weighting scheme, the semantic extension of tags and the user semantic model. In addition, the tag vector of user interests is derived with the respective tag weight calculated by the improved PageRank algorithm. In second part, for detecting communities, an initial social network, which consists of the direct and unweighted edges and the vertexes with interest vectors, is constructed by considering the following/follower relationship. Furthermore, initial social network is converted into a new social network including the undirected and weighted edges. Then, the weights are calculated by the direction and the interest vectors in the initial social network and the similarity between edges is calculated by the edge weights. The communities are detected by the hierarchical clustering algorithm based on the edge-weighted similarity. Finally, the number of detected communities is detected by the partition density. Also, the extensively experimental study shows that the performance of the proposed user interest detection (PUID) algorithm is better than that of CF algorithm and TFIDF algorithm with respect to F-measure, Precision and Recall. Moreover, Precision of the proposed community detection (PCD) algorithm is improved, on average, up to 8.21% comparing with that of Newman algorithm and up to 41.17% comparing with that of CPM algorithm. 相似文献
11.
Automatic text classification (TC) is essential for information sharing and management. Its ideal goals are to achieve high-quality TC: (1) accepting almost all documents that should be accepted (i.e., high recall) and (2) rejecting almost all documents that should be rejected (i.e., high precision). Unfortunately, the ideal goals are rarely achieved, making automatic TC not suitable for those applications in which a classifier’s erroneous decision may incur high cost and/or serious problems. One way to pursue the ideal is to consult users to confirm the classifier’s decisions so that potential errors may be corrected. However, its main challenge lies on the control of the number of confirmations, which may incur heavy cognitive load on the users. We thus develop an intelligent and classifier-independent confirmation strategy ICCOM. Empirical evaluation shows that ICCOM may help various kinds of classifiers to achieve very high precision and recall by conducting fewer confirmations. The contributions are significant to the archiving and recommendation of critical information, since identification of possible TC errors (those that require confirmation) is the key to process information more properly. 相似文献
12.
The problem of results merging in distributed information retrieval environments has gained significant attention the last years. Two generic approaches have been introduced in research. The first approach aims at estimating the relevance of the documents returned from the remote collections through ad hoc methodologies (such as weighted score merging, regression etc.) while the other is based on downloading all the documents locally, completely or partially, in order to calculate their relevance. Both approaches have advantages and disadvantages. Download methodologies are more effective but they pose a significant overhead on the process in terms of time and bandwidth. Approaches that rely solely on estimation on the other hand, usually depend on document relevance scores being reported by the remote collections in order to achieve maximum performance. In addition to that, regression algorithms, which have proved to be more effective than weighted scores merging algorithms, need a significant number of overlap documents in order to function effectively, practically requiring multiple interactions with the remote collections. The new algorithm that is introduced is based on adaptively downloading a limited, selected number of documents from the remote collections and estimating the relevance of the rest through regression methodologies. Thus it reconciles the above two approaches, combining their strengths, while minimizing their drawbacks, achieving the limited time and bandwidth overhead of the estimation approaches and the increased effectiveness of the download. The proposed algorithm is tested in a variety of settings and its performance is found to be significantly better than the former, while approximating that of the latter. 相似文献
13.
[目的/意义]知识经济时代,社会化网络越来越得到重视,而探究其对于知识协同的作用一直处于摸索阶段。[方法/过程]本文基于对社会化网络、知识协同基本定义的界定上,利用维度衡量、模型构建为架构,利用数据对模型进行验证分析。并引入情境因素作为外生环境因素探究其对于社会化网络及知识协同的影响。[结果/结论]通过实证分析,表明社会化网络对于知识协同以及情境因素中部分维度有着显著影响;用户因素对于知识协同存在显著影响,情境因素在社会化网络与知识协同之间存在部分中介效应。 相似文献
14.
A query-relevant snippet for ontology search is useful for deciding if an ontology fits users’ needs. In this paper, we illustrate a good snippet in a keyword-based ontology search engine should be with term-association view and compact, and propose an approach to generate it. To obtain term-association view snippets, a model of term association graph for ontology is proposed, and a concept of maximal r-radius subgraph is introduced to decompose the term association graph into connected subgraphs, which preserve close relations between terms. To achieve compactness, in a query-relevant maximal r-radius subgraph, a connected subgraph thereof with a small graph weight is extracted as a sub-snippet. Finally, a greedy method is used to select sub-snippets to form a snippet in consideration of query relevance and compactness without violating the length constraint. An empirical study on our implementation shows that our approach is feasible. An evaluation on effectiveness shows that the term-association view snippet is favored by users, and the compactness helps reading and judgment. 相似文献
15.
《Research Policy》2022,51(3):104464
The transition literature (especially within economic geography, urban studies and political ecology) highlights that the proximity between actors plays a crucial role in determining the dynamics of sustainable transitions. Economic geographers distinguish between absolute (spatial) and relative (non-spatial) proximity. These play different roles in the transition process, though relative proximity has been scarcely investigated in empirical studies. To overcome this limitation, we investigated the relevance of spatial and non-spatial proximity in the evolution of a technological niche. We also explored the roles of different kinds of non-spatial proximity (i.e. cognitive, organizational, social, institutional), in niche evolution, in terms of network expansion. To this end, we analyzed the Italian biofuel niche, as it has already undergone different evolution phases. We found that the most relevant drivers of niche networking were social, cognitive and institutional proximity. Additionally, while social proximity was relevant throughout the entire life span of the niche, cognitive and institutional proximity gained significance only in the maturity phase, marking a transition point in the niche evolution. From these findings we derive that policy makers should (i) concentrate on social proximity to speed up niche evolution and (ii) increase cognitive and institutional proximity in the development phase in order to consolidate the niche in the maturity phase. This could occur through initiatives aimed at creating common experiences (e.g. business incubators, technological communities) and the intervention of national and/or supranational institutions to create network externality conditions by means of R&D subsidies. 相似文献
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网络信息技术的持续快速发展导致了泛在网络的建立,且从根本上改变了人们对于知识信息需求的变化,用户需求的多样化和纵深化发展使得各种信息服务机构应运而生、竞争日益激烈,直接影响着图书馆的生存与发展。为此,图书馆应在现有服务基础上进一步创新,进一步提高其便利性。提供＂一站式＂的检索服务,降低用户的搜索难度以及减少用户获取信息的时间。同时注重在泛在网络环境下为用户提供更加优质更加便利的泛在图书馆服务。 相似文献
18.
This paper compares 14 information retrieval metrics based on graded relevance, together with 10 traditional metrics based on binary relevance, in terms of stability, sensitivity and resemblance of system rankings. More specifically, we compare these metrics using the Buckley/Voorhees stability method, the Voorhees/Buckley swap method and Kendall’s rank correlation, with three data sets comprising test collections and submitted runs from NTCIR. Our experiments show that (Average) Normalised Discounted Cumulative Gain at document cut-off l are the best among the rank-based graded-relevance metrics, provided that l is large. On the other hand, if one requires a recall-based graded-relevance metric that is highly correlated with Average Precision, then Q-measure is the best choice. Moreover, these best graded-relevance metrics are at least as stable and sensitive as Average Precision, and are fairly robust to the choice of gain values. 相似文献
19.
依据未来图书馆的发展趋势和用户需求,图书馆的用户服务呈现出八大发展趋势:公平服务、智能化服务、社会化服务、自助服务、合作服务、网络服务、移动服务和绿色服务。因此,这就要求我们图书馆采取多种途径深化服务内容,围绕"以人为本"进行服务创新,并要求我们图书馆工作人员力求成为数字策划图书馆员、数字技术图书馆员、教育型图书馆员、学习型图书馆员。 相似文献
20.
《Information processing & management》2002,38(5):671-694
An experiment was conducted to see how relevance feedback could be used to build and adjust profiles to improve the performance of filtering systems. Data was collected during the system interaction of 18 graduate students with SIFTER (Smart Information Filtering Technology for Electronic Resources), a filtering system that ranks incoming information based on users' profiles. The data set came from a collection of 6000 records concerning consumer health. In the first phase of the study, three different modes of profile acquisition were compared. The explicit mode allowed users to directly specify the profile; the implicit mode utilized relevance feedback to create and refine the profile; and the combined mode allowed users to initialize the profile and to continuously refine it using relevance feedback. Filtering performance, measured in terms of Normalized Precision, showed that the three approaches were significantly different (α=0.05 and p=0.012). The explicit mode of profile acquisition consistently produced superior results. Exclusive reliance on relevance feedback in the implicit mode resulted in inferior performance. The low performance obtained by the implicit acquisition mode motivated the second phase of the study, which aimed to clarify the role of context in relevance feedback judgments. An inductive content analysis of thinking aloud protocols showed dimensions that were highly situational, establishing the importance context plays in feedback relevance assessments. Results suggest the need for better representation of documents, profiles, and relevance feedback mechanisms that incorporate dimensions identified in this research. 相似文献