共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 234 毫秒
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我们对国家英式橄榄球集训队的４２名运动员进行了身体形态和身体机能的综合研究，并将２１项指标的的测试与分析结果与其它一些相近的球类运动项目加以比较，以探究英式橄榄球运动员的身体形态与身体机能的从本特征，运用Ｓｐｓｓｆｏｒ Ｗｉｎｄｏｗｓ的因子提取方法，对研究指标进行主成份的分析，试图提出我国英式橄榄球运动员的选材模式。本研究结果显示，英式橄榄球运动员身体形态的最大特点是：身体粗壮、围度充实、体重大、皮下脂肪厚。这一结果表明，英式橄榄球与篮球和手球项目相同，对手控球能力有着较高的要求；我国英式橄榄球… 相似文献
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采用实地观察法、指标测量法以及数理统计法对沈阳体育学院12名橄榄球运动员身体机能形态素质特征进行研究。结果表明:沈阳体育学院橄榄球运动员在身体形态上已经表现出专项特点,但是在心肺功能、反应速度以及相对力量等身体素质指标上和国内强队相比还有一定差距。因此,应加强沈阳体育学院橄榄球运动员力量、反应速度以及心肺功能的训练。 相似文献
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通过对我国优秀橄榄球队员32项身体形态、7项生理机能、32项派生指标、4项专项素质指标以及不同位置运动员之间各项指标的比较，探讨橄榄球运动员身体形态和生理机能特点，为橄榄球运动训练及后备人才的选拔提供实验数据。结果表明，我国优秀男子橄榄球运动员的身高、体重以及体重指数等与日本、澳大利亚、新西兰等国家基本相同，但VO2 max与国外运动员相差较大，需加强有氧能力训练。此外，前锋队员50m跑速度显著慢于后卫队员，需要加强速度素质的训练；在前锋、后卫队员之间身高、手臂长度、肌肉重量、瘦体重等指标存在显著差异，可以作为橄榄球运动员定位及选材时的参考指标。 相似文献
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何强 《沈阳体育学院学报》2012,31(3):66-70
为探讨我国优秀女子摔跤运动员身体机能特征,采用文献资料、调查和实验等方法,对53名优秀女子摔跤运动员身体机能指标进行统计分析。结果表明:1)优秀女子摔跤运动员身体机能主要由无氧能力因子、有氧能力因子、恢复能力因子和激素水平因子构成,表现为机体无氧、有氧能力强,恢复能力好,雄性激素水平相对较高;2)相对平均无氧功率、相对最大摄氧量、血尿素和血清睾酮可作为女子摔跤运动员身体机能典型评价指标;3)"百分位数法"制订的不同体重级别女子摔跤运动员身体机能评价标准,能较好地反映现阶段优秀女子摔跤运动员的身体机能水平,可为优秀女子摔跤运动员的身体机能评定提供参考依据。 相似文献
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研究目的:少年运动员身体健康和发育的状况与其运动生命的保持、运动成绩的提高具有相当的关系.本研究旨在评估中外少年艺术体操运动员身体发育的状况,以及身体形态的特点;研究专项训练对少年艺术体操运动员身体形态的影响,以及中外少年艺术体操运动员身体形态的差异.来自中国和保加利亚的224个艺术体操运动员(年龄8-12岁)参与了有关的测试.研究结果:少年艺术体操运动员身体发育的主要指标:身高、体重、胸围均低于本国同龄的城市女生;保加利亚运动员身体的发育指标要高于中国运动员(P＜0.01);艺术体操运动员具有比同龄女生更长的四肢.此外,艺术体操女孩身体形态发育的BMI和Vervaeck指数与训练的年限存在高度相关(P＜0.01).结论:(1)少年艺术体操运动员身体的发育要滞后于同龄女孩,特别是10-12岁年龄组.(2)少年艺术体操运动员具有更长的四肢和较好的相对力量.(3)保加利亚少年艺术体操运动员的身体发育要早于中国女孩,特别是身体各部的国度.(4)少年艺术体操运动员所具有的特殊的身体发展和身体形态与早期专业训练密切相关. 相似文献
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张祥森是我国著名的举重运动员 ,曾获 1995年世锦赛的冠军和 1996年亚特兰大奥运会5 6公斤级第二名。通过对他早期的身体形态与身体机能测试的资料分析 ,从中找出他在青少年时期所已具备的举重训练的特点 ,为广大教练员在今后举重选材中和训练中提供借鉴和参考的意见 相似文献
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《体育科技文献通报》2001,(10)
G847.2 20016185羽毛球多球训练探讨〔刊,中,到/潘莉//南京体育学院学报一2001一15(2)一72一73表2参2(SML)羽毛球//多球训练//训练法G849.214.2 20016186中国英式橄榄球运动员身体形态与身体机能的基本特征及选才引漠式研究〔刊,中,11/林建棣王晓村,陈南生,张永民.李新宁,赵东胜//体育科学一2001一21(2).一73(TY)橄榄球//运动员//身体形态//机能//特征//选材//中国羽毛球、橄榄球~~ 相似文献
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女子摔跤运动是一项新兴的对抗性运动，对运动员的各项素质都有较高的要求。它要求运动员在拥有较强的有氧耐力基础上，具有良好的爆发力和速度耐力，同时具备良好的协调性和柔韧性。本文从女子摔跤运动员的身体形态、无氧代谢能力、最大摄氧量、血清睾酮、血红蛋白、血尿素、CK、血乳酸等多项指标，对其机能状态的评定进行了初步的探讨。 相似文献
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测试与分析了我国职业足球运动员的力量、速度素质。结果表明：我国球员的基础性力量较强，但力量的功变效率较差；起动速度较强，但速度耐力与最大跑速不足：揭示了我国球员力量与速度素质各种特征量之间的内在关系。 相似文献
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职业足球运动员协会是英国职业足球运动员最重要的工会组织,该协会大致经历了艰难创立时期、抗争维权时期、内部建设时期三个主要阶段,并且在长期的维权斗争中建立起较为完善的球员援助服务机制。该机制主要包括球员职业基金援助、优秀实习球员培训、球员经纪代理服务、职业疾病康复诊疗、退役球员就业指导等内容。该机制具有工会自身实力雄厚、援助服务内容丰富、职业特点针对性强、对外合作交流广泛等特征。英国的先进经验为我国依法保障职业运动员工会权益,尽快建立健全职业运动员工会援助服务机制提供了有益的借鉴。 相似文献
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To visually perceive opportunities for action, athletes rely on the movements of their eyes, head and body to explore their surrounding environment. To date, the specific types of technology and their efficacy for assessing the exploration behaviours of association footballers have not been systematically reviewed. This review aimed to synthesise the visual perception and exploration behaviours of footballers according to the task constraints, action requirements of the experimental task, and level of expertise of the athlete, in the context of the technology used to quantify the visual perception and exploration behaviours of footballers. A systematic search for papers that included keywords related to football, technology, and visual perception was conducted. All 38 included articles utilised eye-movement registration technology to quantify visual perception and exploration behaviour. The experimental domain appears to influence the visual perception behaviour of footballers, however no studies investigated exploration behaviours of footballers in open-play situations. Studies rarely utilised representative stimulus presentation or action requirements. To fully understand the visual perception requirements of athletes, it is recommended that future research seek to validate alternate technologies that are capable of investigating the eye, head and body movements associated with the exploration behaviours of footballers during representative open-play situations. 相似文献
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Carrie Dunn 《Soccer & Society》2016,17(6):843-855
Sportspeople are constantly urged to maintain the highest levels of conduct because of their position as ‘role models’ to children. This article reports from a study in progress which explores the experiences of elite female athletes in Britain, and focuses on qualitative interview responses of elite female footballers, all of whom were currently playing at top-flight domestic and international levels and took part in the 2012 Olympics. It explores what they perceive the position as ‘role model’ to mean, how it impinges on their sport performance, and how they work with gifted young footballers to promote sporting excellence as well as community cohesion through grass-roots outreach work. It discusses their thoughts on how role models are currently and can best be used to encourage young women’s football participation from elite down to grass-roots levels, and highlights the amount of responsibility they feel to do this. 相似文献
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Although epidemiological data indicate that athletes are at increased risk of upper respiratory tract infection during periods of heavy training and the 1 - 2 week period following endurance race events, there is very limited information on the responses to football training and match-play. For several hours after heavy exertion, components of both the innate (e.g. natural killer cell activity and neutrophil oxidative burst activity) and adaptive (e.g. T and B cell function) immune system exhibit suppressed function. Although such responses to football training and competition do not appear to be as pronounced, variations in immune cell numbers and function are reported in professional footballers over the course of a season. Attempts have been made through nutritional means (e.g. glutamine, vitamins C and E, and carbohydrate supplementation) to attenuate immune changes following intensive exercise and thus lower the risk of upper respiratory tract infection. Carbohydrate supplementation during heavy exercise has emerged as a partial countermeasure and attenuates increases in blood neutrophil counts, stress hormones, and inflammatory cytokines, but has little effect on decrements in salivary IgA output or natural killer cell function. Animal research indicates that other nutritional components such as beta-glucan, quercetin, and curcumin warrant human investigations to determine if they are effective countermeasures to exercise-induced immune dysfunction. 相似文献
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AbstractAlthough there is a common belief that more footballers are representing countries other than their native ones in recent World Cup editions, a historical overview on migrant footballers representing national teams is lacking. To fill this gap, a database consisting of 10,137 football players who participated in the World Cup (1930–2018) was created. To count the number of migrant footballers in national teams over time, we critically reflect on the term migrant and the commonly used foreign-born proxies in mainstream migration research. A foreign-born approach to migrants overlooks historical-geopolitical changes like the redrawing of international boundaries and colonial relationships, and tends to shy away from citizenship complexities, leading to an overestimation of the number of migrant footballers in a database. Therefore, we offer an alternative approach that through historical contextualization with an emphasis on citizenship, results in more accurate data on migrant footballers – contextual-nationality approach. By comparing outcomes, a foreign-born approach seems to indicate an increase in the volume of migrant footballers since the mid-1990s, while the contextual-nationality approach illustrates that the presence of migrant footballers is primarily a reflection of trends in international migration. 相似文献
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中美两国部分青少年学生余暇体育的比较分析 总被引：12，自引：1，他引：11
彩面访及问卷调查等方法，对中美两国部分青少年学生的余瑕体育进行调查与对比分析。结果发现，中美两国青少年学生对待余瑕体育的态度，动机，喜爱的运动项目及体育活动时间等方面，存在异同。 相似文献
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This research focuses on coworker learning and knowledge sharing amongst elite footballers. The authors provide an in-depth understanding on how elite footballers learn from their peers and which channels are used to share their knowledge. The authors also analyze how peer learning impacts an elite footballer’s development and performance and to what extent elite football clubs actively support peer learning. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 12 elite footballers from first and second division German Bundesliga clubs. The findings demonstrate that peers are very important sources of knowledge for elite footballers. There are four main knowledge sharing channels: observing/imitating, peer exchange/peer communication, labor mobility and knowledge brokers. The findings highlight the positive impact of knowledge sharing on elite players’ development and performance and call for future (knowledge) management tactics to specifically use this untapped potential. 相似文献
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M. Plaza-Carmona G. Vicente-Rodríguez A. Gómez-Cabello M. Martín-García J. Sánchez-Sánchez L. Gallardo 《European Journal of Sport Science》2016,16(7):877-883
Objectives: The main aim of this study was to compare the bone mass of female football players with controls of different pubertal stages. Methods: Sixty five girls aged 8–14 years (10.14?±?0.1, Tanner stages I–IV) participated in the study. Twenty participants were prepubertal (10 prepubertal control) and 45 peripubertal (15 peripubertal control). All footballers trained two days per week while the control group did not perform regular physical activity outside of school. Body composition was assessed by Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Analysis of covariance was performed to evaluate differences in lean and bone masses. Results: Significant differences in lower-body extremities lean mass (LLM) between peripubertal groups were found (P?P?P?Conclusion: Female footballers showed higher bone and lean masses compared to control counterparts; these differences are already detectable at prepubertal ages and more consistent after pubertal spurt. 相似文献