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1.
上海世界游泳锦标赛中国队成绩分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
采用录像观察法等对2011年上海世界游泳锦标赛中外优秀运动员的成绩进行统计,分析中国队的优势和不足。主要结论:我国男子中长距离自由泳优势明显,其他项目竞争力较差;我国女子蝶泳、仰泳、混合泳和接力项目具有较强的竞争力,自由泳和蛙泳实力不足。建议继续采取措施力保优势项目(男子800m、1500m自由泳,女子200m蝶泳等),加强潜优势项目(男子400m自由泳,女子100m蝶泳、100m仰泳、200m混合泳及接力项目),着力提高年轻运动员的水平。 相似文献
2.
仲宇 《西安体育学院学报》2006,23(2):93-96
采用游泳比赛现场测试方法,对女子运动员50 m自由泳途中游每10 m游泳速度和划频、划幅技术进行了测试。结果显示:50 m自由泳速度的下降与运动水平无关,速度的下降主要是由划频的下降造成的。因此,要求高水平短距离游泳运动员不仅应具备高水平的速度能力同时应具有保持高速度运动的能力。 相似文献
3.
1500米自由泳是游泳比赛中最长距离的项目,它和田径的长跑项目一样,对运动员来说,要获得优异的成绩,不仅应有良好的体力与技术,也需要成功的战术。战术的种类是很多的,本文通过对此项目中的基本战术一体力分配问题的分析和研究,初步认清了体力分配的关键问题,为探讨运动员良好的战术意识能力提供依据。一、从长距离自由泳的发展情况看战术的改进近十几年来在游泳各项中,成绩提高较快的是长距离项目,特别是男子1500米自由泳。无论从世界或我国纪录提高的情况来看,提高的比例均比短距离大(详见表一、二)。 相似文献
4.
目的：探究赛前高原体能训练对高水平中长距离游泳运动员体能竞赛成绩的影响。方法：以7名优秀中长距离游泳运动员为研究对象,分2个阶段有所侧重地进行赛前高原体能训练,并分4次测定体能竞赛项目成绩。结果：经过5周的高原体能训练,参加全国冠军赛的中长距离游泳运动员30 m冲刺成绩有显著性提升（P<0.05）,引体向上、躯干核心力量、3 000 m跑及体能总成绩有非常显著性提升（P<0.01）,垂直纵跳成绩有提高趋势（P<0.1）;7名运动员在冠军赛体能竞赛中均取得最佳成绩,其中4名运动员创造了最佳游泳专项成绩。结论：高水平中长距离游泳运动员进行以力量训练为主的赛前高原体能训练有助于提升体能竞赛成绩;力量训练未对高水平中长距离游泳运动员的游泳专项成绩产生不利影响。 相似文献
5.
为贯彻《游泳教学训练大纲》,近年来,上海游泳办公室推行了游泳教学训练大纲考核赛。参赛规定:每一儿童在一次比赛中必须参加50米、100米主项;200米或400米混合泳;中长距离自由泳等项目。一般认为混合泳和中长距离自由泳对于少年儿童训练和比赛占有十分重要的地位,是全面发展游泳运动员身体素质,提高运动成绩的重要手段之一。一切事 相似文献
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7.
1500米自由泳是竞技游泳项目中距离最长的项目。运动员在各分段中速度变化的具体表现能够客观反应其比赛战术。本文运用文献分析法、录像观察法对北京奥运会和山东全运会1500米自由泳决赛运动员的战术进行分析和探讨,分析得出长距离游泳战术类型分为前慢后快、前快后慢、相随、匀速和变速共五种战术。前慢后快战术和变速战术是世界级游泳运动员的常规战术之一。我国游泳运动员应加强后半程的游进能力,加强战术模拟训练,提升赛扬的战术执行能力。 相似文献
8.
本文从战术角度探讨了1500米自由泳速度分配的分类和特点。经60、70和80年代中、外优秀运动员速度分配战术的比较,提出了提高我国长距离游泳项目运动成绩的速度分配战术方案。 相似文献
9.
通过多年系统的游泳比赛技术监测采集游泳比赛途中游各项技术数据,以世界综合排名前100名运动员成绩为划分依据,研究女子100m蛙泳、200m自由泳运动员途中游分段速度、划幅、划频、游速的特点。研究结果显示:在女子100m蛙泳和200m自由泳中,世界优秀运动员均呈现快划频的趋势;在对成绩预测中,通过运动员的划幅、划频比较容易预测运动员成绩增长情况和上升空间,即在成绩相同情况下,运动员划频慢,成绩提高幅度大;对10名优秀女子100m蛙泳运动员的途中游个性研究和多年成绩分析表明,她们划幅、划频的个性特征非常明显,蛙泳优秀运动员相对集中,运动员年限也长;在对女子200m自由泳优秀运动员的途中游个性研究和多年成绩分析结果表明,与蛙泳不同,200m自由泳运动员个性化不是非常明显,优秀运动员相对保持高水平成绩年限少,运动员分散,说明自由泳运动员的各种能力和水平更趋于一致,优秀运动员保持高水平的能力要求更高;蛙泳对运动员的身高要求最少,而技术要求最高,是适合亚洲人的一项运动;运动员出成绩后保持高水平年限长,符合经济学原理;蛙泳项目一直是亚洲的强项和我国的传统优势项目。 相似文献
10.
对近4届世界游泳锦标赛上高水平(决赛和半决赛)自由泳运动员的运动成绩进行分析,其中男、女各224人共历时7年.通过各分段时间与最终成绩的相关分析,以及历届不同水平、性别的优秀运动员在各个项目上的分段时间进行研究.结果发现,在任何项目上,不论水平高低,自由泳运动员都呈现较为类似的时间分配模式,其中在短距离项目上,水平越高的运动员前后半程的分段时间差越小并趋于均衡;在中距离项目上,男子运动员后半程保持速度的能力优于女子,历届世锦赛的获胜者在每个分段上处于领先位置,尤其在途中的游速上;同时长距离项目上水平较高的运动员在途中的分段时间有明显的下降趋势(加速)且变化较小,而水平稍差的运动员有明显的上升趋势(减速).建议教练员和运动员在保持总分段时间分配特征的前提下,通过技术优化和力量训练来提高分段成绩,进一步提高比赛成绩. 相似文献
11.
张洁 《体育科技文献通报》2009,17(7):16-17
本文通过对2008年美国、中国、澳大利亚三国游泳冠军赛1500米自由泳决赛运动员成绩进行分析,在揭示优秀1500米自由泳运动员体力分配特点的同时,找出中外运动员在该项目的差异并分析其原因所在,以此为我国1500米自由泳训练提供一定参考。 相似文献
12.
采用实验法,对儿童游泳运动员进行多项追踪测试。结果表明,12min快速跑、800m自由泳全力游、1500m自由泳为主项的相应速度表的运用,是诊断儿童游泳运动员耐力潜能的有效易行的方法。 相似文献
13.
Santiago Veiga Andreu Roig Miguel A. Gómez-Ruano 《European Journal of Sport Science》2016,16(8):919-926
The main objectives of the present research were (1) to examine the relationships between the distances travelled underwater during the start and turn segments with swimming race performance at the elite level and (2) to determine if the individualised-distance start and turn parameters affect the overall race performance. The race parameters of the 100 and 200?m events during 2013 World Championships were measured by an innovative image-processing system (InThePool® 2.0). Overall, 100?m race times were largely related to faster start velocities in men's breaststroke and freestyle events. Conversely, overall, 200?m race times were largely related to longer starting distances in the women's butterfly events, to longer turn distances in men's and women's backstroke and women's butterfly events and to shorter turn distances in women's freestyle events. Changes on the start or turn velocities could represent moderate time improvements in most of the 100?m events, whereas modifications on the start or turn distances (especially in the last turn) could provide elite swimmers with time improvements of practical importance on the 200?m events. The evaluation of races by individualised-distance parameters should be provided to elite swimmers in order to decide the most appropriate race segment configuration for each event. 相似文献
14.
Performance outcomes at the 2013 World Swimming Championship were previously shown to be biased depending on the swimmer’s lane assignment. The purpose of this study was to determine if this kind of bias was unique, and if not, if the bias was related to the temporary or permanent nature of the pool. The effect of lane on the average odd-length split minus the preceding even-length split in the 800- and 1500-m freestyle events, and on the relative change from qualifying to preliminary performance in the 50-m events, was determined for 16 other elite-level competitions. Depending on the swimmers’ direction, split times were on average 0.16 s slower or faster in at least one lane at each of the 16 competitions, and in 49% of all lanes analysed. In 5 competitions, swimmers were shown to be faster in a majority of lanes in one direction as compared to the other. Analysis of the 50-m events at these 5 competitions indicate that preliminary performances were between 0.5 and 0.9% slower or faster than qualifying times, which is consistent with the direction effect observed in the distance freestyle events. Further, lane biases occur more often in temporary pools (70% of lanes) than in permanent pools (35% of lanes), with water currents as the most plausible cause. The prevalence of lane bias at elite-level swimming competition highlights the need for the implementation of policies and procedures to prevent such bias from occurring again in the future. 相似文献
15.
Hellard P Dekerle J Avalos M Caudal N Knopp M Hausswirth C 《Journal of sports sciences》2008,26(1):35-46
The aim of this study was to assess stroke rate variability in elite female swimmers (200-m events, all four techniques) by comparing the semi-finalists at the Athens 2004 Olympic Games (n = 64) and semi-finalists at the French National 2004 Championship (n = 64). Since swimming speed (V) is the product of stroke rate (SR) and stroke length (SL), these three variables and the coefficient of variation of stroke rate (CV(SR)) of the first and second 100 m were determined (V1, V2; SR1, SR2; SL1, SL2; CV(SR)1, CV(SR)2) and differences between the two parts of the events were calculated (DeltaV; DeltaSR; DeltaSL; DeltaCV(SR)). When the results for the four 200-m events were analysed together, SR1, SR2, SL1, and SL2 were higher (alpha = 0.05, P< 0.001) and DeltaV, DeltaSR, and DeltaCV(SR) were lower (P< 0.01) in the Olympic group than in the National group. The Olympic-standard swimmers exhibited faster backstrokes and longer freestyle strokes (P < 0.05). Both CV(SR)1 and CV(SR)2 were lower for freestyle and backstroke races in the Olympic group than in the National group (P < 0.001). Our results suggest that stroke rate variability is dependent on an interaction between the biomechanical requisites of the task (techniques) and the standard of the swimmer. 相似文献
16.
Luke Hogarth Carl Payton Peter Van De Vliet Brendan Burkett 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(8):839-847
ABSTRACTSwimmers with limb deficiency are a core population within Para Swimming, accordingly this study examined the contribution of limb segments to race performance in these swimmers. Data were obtained for 174 male Para swimmers with limb deficiency. Ensemble partial least squares regression showed accurate predictions when using relative limb segment lengths to estimate Para swimmers’ personal best race performances. The contribution of limb segments to performance in swim events was estimated using these regression models. The analysis found swim stroke and event distance to influence the contributions of limb segments to performance. For freestyle swim events, these changes were primarily due to the increased importance of the hand, and decreased importance of the foot and shank, as the distance of the event increased. When comparing swim strokes, higher importance of the thigh and shank in the 100 m breaststroke compared with other swim strokes confirms the separate SB class. Varied contributions of the hand, upper arm and foot suggest that freestyle could also be separated from backstroke and butterfly events to promote fairer classification. This study shows that swim stroke and event distance influence the activity limitation of Para swimmers with limb deficiency suggesting classification should account for these factors. 相似文献
17.
Pantelis T. Nikolaidis 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(12):1165-1172
Pacing strategies have been investigated for elite-standard freestyle swimmers, but little is known about pacing in age-group freestyle swimmers. We investigated changes in swimming time across distances in 4,481 women and men swimmers who competed in 100, 200, 400, and 800 m freestyle age groups from 25–29 years to 90–94 years in the FINA World Masters Championships 2014. In 100 to 800 m, there was a small lap×sex interaction (P < 0.001, 0.033 ≤ η2 ≤ 0.045) whereby women had larger lap-to-lap changes in swimming time than men. From 100 to 800 m, there were moderate to large lap×age group interactions (P < 0.001, 0.054 ≤ η2 ≤ 0.235), i.e., pacing patterns differed by age groups. There were small main effects of lap on time in 100, 200, 400 and 800 m freestyle events (P < 0.001, 0.033 ≤ η2 ≤ 0.045). In summary, (i) the largest increase in swimming time occurred during the second lap and a decrease in time occurred during the last lap, except in the 100 m, and (ii) the effect of participants’ sex on lap time indicated larger percentage changes of pacing in women than in men. These findings should help coaches to develop age- and event-tailored pacing strategies. 相似文献
18.
Patrycja Lipińska Sian V. Allen Will G. Hopkins 《European Journal of Sport Science》2016,16(3):287-292
Pacing offers a potential avenue for enhancement of endurance performance. We report here a novel method for characterizing pacing in 800-m freestyle swimming. Websites provided 50-m lap and race times for 192 swims of 20 elite female swimmers between 2000 and 2013. Pacing for each swim was characterized with five parameters derived from a linear model: linear and quadratic coefficients for effect of lap number, reductions from predicted time for first and last laps, and lap-time variability (standard error of the estimate). Race-to-race consistency of the parameters was expressed as intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). The average swim was a shallow negative quadratic with slowest time in the eleventh lap. First and last laps were faster by 6.4% and 3.6%, and lap-time variability was ±0.64%. Consistency between swimmers ranged from low-moderate for the linear and quadratic parameters (ICC = 0.29 and 0.36) to high for the last-lap parameter (ICC = 0.62), while consistency for race time was very high (ICC = 0.80). Only ~15% of swimmers had enough swims (~15 or more) to provide reasonable evidence of optimum parameter values in plots of race time vs. each parameter. The modest consistency of most of the pacing parameters and lack of relationships between parameters and performance suggest that swimmers usually compensated for changes in one parameter with changes in another. In conclusion, pacing in 800-m elite female swimmers can be characterized with five parameters, but identifying an optimal pacing profile is generally impractical. 相似文献
19.
通过对我国九运会女子 10 0m自由泳前 3名运动员和第 2 7届奥运会同项目前 3名运动员技术比较的数理统计分析发现 ,我国女子前 3名运动员 15m出发段的速度略低于外国优秀运动员 ;途中游的划水频率不如国外运动员 ,划水幅度与 2 7届前 3名运动员持平 ,5 0m绝对速度与国外运动员相比差距较大 ;转身段的表现也不如国外运动员 ;中国优秀运动员冲刺到边段表现出色 ,略优于国外运动员 ,展示出良好的速度耐力和顽强的意志品质。 相似文献
20.
我国大学生50m、100m和1500m自由泳运动员临赛准备心率的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对全国大学生 5 0 m、10 0 m和 15 0 0 m自由泳运动员比赛准备心率的测量与分析 ,揭示了自由泳短距离运动员的临赛心率特点 ,结果证明 ,用准备心率这一参数来监控短距离运动员临赛竞技状态是可能的 相似文献