共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
《普罗米修斯》2012,30(3):225-242
Abstract Progress towards realizing the full potential of ‘e‐government’—using digital technologies to improve public services and government–citizen engagements—has been slower and less effective than the technologies’ take‐up in spheres such as e‐commerce. Evidence from across Europe reported here, including an online survey and case studies, indicates a significant reason has been an overly narrow focus on substituting electronic for traditional services. Theoretical and empirical perspectives on barriers to e‐government identified (e.g. poor coordination; workplace and organizational inflexibility) suggest greater attention should be given to supporting organization innovations to achieve maximum benefits from networking in the public sector. 相似文献
2.
《普罗米修斯》2012,30(4):421-436
Abstract As a rapidly evolving sector the international wine industry represents an interesting subject for analysis. Over the past two centuries the industry has experienced a number of major innovations and direction changes. The organizational shifts involved in these changes have been profound. From a monopolization of wine culture through the nineteenth and much of the twentieth century by Europeans, to the emergence of New World operators and their democratic influence, the international wine industry now stands at the edge of another major paradigm shift. This paper traces the industry’s historical changes and speculates on the implications of such issues as global production, distribution, technology transfer, branding and the escalation of mergers and alliances. It argues that with the increasing global tendency of the industry, ‘New’ and ‘Old World’ distinctions may blur and disappear. Furthermore, as the wine landscape continues to evolve, we may well see a new set of rules, where the emergence of localized branding, an enhanced role for small to medium enterprises and the decline of national industries results in an irrevocable reconfiguration of the industry. 相似文献
3.
Each of us has a personal narrative: a story that defines us, and one that we tell about ourselves to our inner and outer worlds. A strong sense of identity is rooted in a personal narrative that has coherence and correspondence (Conway in J Mem Lang 53:594–628, 2005): coherence in the sense that the story we tell is consistent with and supportive of our current version of ‘self’; and correspondence in the sense that the story reflects the contents of autobiographical memory and the meaning of our experiences. These goals are achieved by a reciprocal interaction of autobiographical memory and the self, in which memories consistent with the self-image are reinforced, in turn strengthening the self-image they reflect. Thus, personal narratives depend crucially on the malleable nature of autobiographical memory: a strong sense of self requires that one remember what matters, and forget what does not. Today, anyone who is active online generates a highly detailed, ever—expanding, and permanent digital biographical ‘memory’—memory that identifies where we go, what we say, who we see, and what we do in increasing detail as our physical lives become more and more enmeshed with electronic devices capable of recording our communications, online activities, movements, and even bodily functions. This paper explores the consequences of this digital record for identity, arguing that it presents a challenge to our ability to construct our own personal narratives–narratives that are central to a sense of ‘self’. In the end, the ‘right to be forgotten’ may be, above all else, a psychological necessity that is core to identity—and therefore a value that we must ensure is protected. 相似文献
4.
国家重大工程与国家创新能力 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
国家重大工程,是国家为回应重大挑战而行使最高权力,动员全社会资源组织实施的战略性工程。重大工程的成功实施可能带来政治经济社会多方面的效益,对国家的发展道路、对国际关系格局都可能带来深刻影响。国家重大工程的实施必须解决好立项决策的科学性,组织实施的有效性,积极推进高科技成果的产业化。正确的战略决心,自立自强的奋斗精神,合理的体制和政策,是国家重大工程成功的必要条件。 相似文献
5.
The U.S.-China dispute surrounding 5G motivates further examination on China’s approach to international standardization. While China’s challenges with various standard initiatives to the global standards regime peaked in the 5G dispute have attracted public interests, scholarly approach to the dispute is still limited. We place the dispute in the context of China’s long-standing attempts for international standardization in ICT sectors. With enhanced economic power, China has pursued for pushing indigenous technologies into international standards, which has been a core part of its national science and technology (S&T) policy. This paper examines China’s international standard initiatives from the perspective of techno-nationalism. Our literature review identifies three pillars of techno-nationalism: state empowerment, growth orientation, and global connection. Then we investigate three cases of WAPI, TD-SCDMA and 5G and discuss how the patterns of developing international standards have varied in the framework of techno-nationalism. Over time, China’s international standard initiatives based on techno-nationalism have strengthened global connection and growth orientation, with increasing proximity to techno-nationalism of the Western style. In particular, China’s aspiration for growth orientation was much enhanced with the 5G standard initiative, compared to WAPI or TD-SCDMA, as it aims to be the first mover in the 5G race. Overall, our study suggests that China’s national S&T policy has been moving from the ‘catch-up’ to the ‘first-mover’ strategy, but the transformation continues to take place in the framework of techno-nationalism. 相似文献
6.
《普罗米修斯》2012,30(1):3-20
Innovation is by definition a complex process, but policies geared towards stimulating innovation have tended to focus too narrowly on the production of new knowledge—on the funding and performance of research and development. Successful innovation is a matter of the identification, application and diffusion of knowledge—of creativity. It is therefore not simply a function of gross investments in science nor is it a function of the new production of knowledge. Innovation becomes more than a matter of ‘science policy’ and increasingly a matter to be integrated into trade, investment, monetary, industrial, labor, tax and competition policies. Yet this is extremely problematic for governments interested in creating a ‘knowledge‐based economy’. The integration of innovation into the core raison d'?tre of traditional policy is key. 相似文献
7.
Ross W. Bellaby 《Ethics and Information Technology》2018,20(3):189-204
Anonymising technologies are cyber-tools that protect people from online surveillance, hiding who they are, what information they have stored and what websites they are looking at. Whether it is anonymising online activity through ‘TOR’ and its onion routing, 256-bit encryption on communications sent or smart phone auto-deletes, the user’s identity and activity is protected from the watchful eyes of the intelligence community. This represents a clear challenge to intelligence actors as it prevents them access to information that many would argue plays a vital part in locating and preventing threats from being realised. Moreover, such technology offers more than ordinary information protections as it erects ‘warrant-proof’ spaces, technological black boxes that no matter what some authority might deem as being legitimately searchable is protected to the extent that there are very limited or non-existent means of forcing oneself in. However, it will be argued here that not only is using such anonymising technology and its extra layer of protection people’s right, but that it is ethically mandatory. That is, due to the en masse surveillance—from both governments and corporations—coupled with people’s limited awareness and ability to comprehend such data collections, anonymising technology should be built into the fabric of cyberspace to provide a minimal set of protections over people’s information, and in doing so force the intelligence community to develop more targeted forms of data collection. 相似文献
8.
John Leslie King 《The Information Society》2013,29(2):97-99
Abstract During the Industrial Revolution, manufacturing and related commercial activities led to the evolution of “dense cores” of heavily populated areas. Fundamental to the operation of these industrial‐commercial cores was the development of service activities—banking, risk‐bearing, legal services—which depended on rapid exchange of information or quick “cycle times of information” for effective decision making and allocation of resources. As these cores radiate resources away from the central body toward less populated areas, the need for short cycle times of information in rural areas has become apparent. For example, modem agriculture is an enterprise that requires short time cycles of information exchange. The technology for building computer‐based information networks to facilitate the desired rapid transfer of information exists. However, the installation of hardware linked by reliable, cost‐effective communications networks is only in the beginning stages. One computer‐based information network that has successfully met the challenges of rapid transfer of agricultural management information to farmers is the University of Nebraska's AGNET system. 相似文献
9.
政府绩效管理的实质是以绩效合同为中心的设计、实施、验收和激励的整体流程。在开展绩效管理工作中,各方主体所持有的剩余控制权直接影响各方主体的行动逻辑,进而内化成各具特征的制度运行模式。为回答“如何开展绩效管理工作”以及“如何影响绩效管理工作结果”的问题,本研究以A市机关工委、B区组织部、C县地税局的绩效管理工作为例,借助“控制权”理论视角,基于“控制权”在绩效管理制度运行过程中的三个维度,即目标设定权、检查验收权、激励分配权,探讨权力配置与行动逻辑之间的影响关系,形成绩效管理“高度互动型”、“主导支配型”、“系统直控型”三种不同的制度运行模式。并且,权力配置会随着制度运行而发生转变,在影响各参与主体行动逻辑的同时,组织行为也在影响剩余控制权的再次组合分配。 相似文献
10.
《Information processing & management》2020,57(1):102141
Detecting sentiments in natural language is tricky even for humans, making its automated detection more complicated. This research proffers a hybrid deep learning model for fine-grained sentiment prediction in real-time multimodal data. It reinforces the strengths of deep learning nets in combination to machine learning to deal with two specific semiotic systems, namely the textual (written text) and visual (still images) and their combination within the online content using decision level multimodal fusion. The proposed contextual ConvNet-SVMBoVW model, has four modules, namely, the discretization, text analytics, image analytics, and decision module. The input to the model is multimodal text, m ε {text, image, info-graphic}. The discretization module uses Google Lens to separate the text from the image, which is then processed as discrete entities and sent to the respective text analytics and image analytics modules. Text analytics module determines the sentiment using a hybrid of a convolution neural network (ConvNet) enriched with the contextual semantics of SentiCircle. An aggregation scheme is introduced to compute the hybrid polarity. A support vector machine (SVM) classifier trained using bag-of-visual-words (BoVW) for predicting the visual content sentiment. A Boolean decision module with a logical OR operation is augmented to the architecture which validates and categorizes the output on the basis of five fine-grained sentiment categories (truth values), namely ‘highly positive,’ ‘positive,’ ‘neutral,’ ‘negative’ and ‘highly negative.’ The accuracy achieved by the proposed model is nearly 91% which is an improvement over the accuracy obtained by the text and image modules individually. 相似文献
11.
P.F. Tenière-Buchot 《Research Policy》1973,2(1):18-39
After a review of external effects, the author shows how a quantification of the water pollution problem has been implemented in a French river basin organisation. Linked to the techniques of systems analysis, this technological assessment consists firstly of searching for a water pollution ‘Social’ indicator, termed the ‘base’ and secondly, of introducing through a ‘rate’ the social cost of that base. The first phase of work is the choice of criteria, their weighting and the designation of an aggregate type of criteria. The second phase is the search for a metric in the sub-space formed by the preceding criteria and the application of that sub-space in the general economic space. A rate can then be deduced as the result of:—long-term political considerations, limited by the maximum contribution capabilities of users and by state-of-the-art performances.—short-term political considerations on the incentive nature of the system.—The relations between technological assessment and conventional marginal calculations are afterwards mentioned and their complementarity is underlined. Finally, indications are given of the prospects for the original approach 相似文献
12.
为探索一种对大量因素同时进行定量分析的方法,尝试采用对高纬稀疏数据进行分析,对沪深两市制造型企业进行分析,以研发投入强度达到3. 5%以上为分析目标,并得到达到这一分析目标的定量优化规则,当收入熵小于0. 579 4、销售毛利率适中(17. 5%~29. 54%)、董事职能背景差异小于0. 399 5、前10大股东持股比例适中(0. 168 9~0. 665 7),企业研发投入强度达到分析目标的比例会大幅提升。这一分析方法既可以用于国有高新技术企业经营层、董事会人员配置作为参考,又可作为对企业研发投入行为的预判。 相似文献
13.
《普罗米修斯》2012,30(4):435-454
Abstract This essay is concerned with describing some issues associated with a relatively recent development in economics, viz. the economics of happiness literature. After providing a very brief account of the history of the concept of happiness, and the recent literature in economics, the focus turns to two issues that have been relatively neglected. First, there has been little attention in this recent literature to the concept of virtue or a flourishing life, or a moral disposition to happiness. Second, it is argued that the focus on aggregate happiness for a society in general may be misplaced: focus on subgroups, such as the mentally ill, may be more appropriate. 相似文献
14.
本文结合高校国际关系史教学实践和基本内容,阐述了高校国际关系史教学中需要把握的两个基本原则：第一,运用国际关系理论的研究成果来分析国际关系的发展和演变;第二,用国际关系体系的演变来串联近现代国际关系史。 相似文献
15.
本文结合高校国际关系史教学实践和基本内容,阐述了高校国际关系史教学中需要把握的两个基本原则:第一,运用国际关系理论的研究成果来分析国际关系的发展和演变;第二,用国际关系体系的演变来串联近现代国际关系史。 相似文献
16.
《普罗米修斯》2012,30(3):195-199
This issue of the journal Prometheus includes an edited collection of papers by communication and media scholars from around the globe treating the social and societal aspects of the use of telecommunication and mass media tied to the tragic events that occurred in the United States on September 11, 2001. 相似文献
17.
《普罗米修斯》2012,30(2):270-284
This paper argues that the essence of entrepreneurial activity is ‘strategic commitment’, which encompasses strategic thought and decision, together with commitment based on that strategy. Three distinct types of commitment are identified — resource commitment, psychological commitment and organisational commitment. The implications of a recognition of the pervasiveness of unknowledge in entrepreneurial activity are discussed. The paper also suggests that the term ‘entrepreneur’ be reserved for individuals who have demonstrated a singular aptitude for and commitment to enhancing their organisation's relationship with its environment. 相似文献
18.
中国早在20世纪20年代初就开始介绍玻尔的科学贡献。1929年,周培源最早访问了玻尔的研究所。1937年抗日战争前夕,玻尔应中国两所最高级的研究院和四所最重要的大学邀请,访问了上海、杭州、南京、北平,受到了最高规格的接待,会见了许多中国最重要的学术领导人、物理学家和学者。中国学者称玻尔是“现代科学思想的领袖”,“原子物理学的开拓者”,“世界今日最大的物理学家之一”。1938至1939年,张宗燧曾到玻尔的研究所工作,与玻尔一家建立了深厚的友谊。二次世界大战后,玻尔与中国学者断绝了来往。大战结束后,张宗燧恢复了与玻尔的通讯联系,胡宁访问了玻尔的研究所,哲学家罗忠恕在瑞典会见了玻尔。 相似文献
19.
海外科技人才回流的规律研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
海外科技人才作为一支特殊的人才队伍越来越受到各国的重视，成为国际人才争夺的一个焦点，然而我国人才回流的现状却不容乐观，人才流失现象十分严重。国内外许多学者对各国海外科技人才回流的原因及引进策略进行了较为深入的研究，本文通过构建海外科技人才回流动因的数量模型，着重对海外科技人才回流的规律进行了研究，并在此基础上提出了目前我国在吸引人才回流方面应该采取的措施。 相似文献
20.
《普罗米修斯》2012,30(4):497-508
This paper reviews the contribution that Prometheus has made over the past 20 years to the literature on innovation, innovation policy and technological change. I offer first a necessarily subjective view of how the research literatures of innovation and innovation policy have developed in recent decades. I then compare that account with an interpretation of the emphases and trends in the corresponding areas in Prometheus. The research literatures involved are vast, located in many specific discipline areas and cross many discipline boundaries. While my ‘home’ discipline is economics I believe much can still be learned from the flexible and imaginative use of economics to frame research inquiry in the innovation area. 相似文献