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1.
经过20多年的发展,中国民办高等教育已经达到了一定的规模。但目前,资金短缺仍严重制约着民办高校的可持续发展。比较中美两国私立高校筹资的现状和制度环境可以发现,美国健全的私立高等教育立法、相对完善的政府资助体系、鼓励捐赠的税收优惠政策和民办高校规范的内部管理体制是保证其筹资多元化及高效化的制度因素。鉴于此,中国政府应主动承担起对民办高校的财政和管理的责任,民办高校也应不断提高质量,以增强筹资能力。 相似文献
2.
《Journal of Marketing for HIGHER EDUCATION》2013,23(1):55-67
ABSTRACT Perceptions of the quality of higher education are thought to have considerable impact on the decision making process to attend higher education institutions. High school guidance counselors are known to be influencers of higher education attendance through their work with high school students in the selection process. This paper reports an exploratory research program designed to assess the perceptions of high school guidance counselors regarding college and university quality. Ten measures of quality, an overall measure and rune specific indicators were utilized. A total of 256 guidance counselors provided measures of quality on 434 of the 435 institutions of higher education listed. Based on this data it was shown that overall perceived quality is primarily determined by five components; good academic programs, leadership opportunities, good job after graduation, opportunities for financial aid, and good value for the money, and that some 77.3% of the variance in overall quality was predicted by the five components. 相似文献
3.
《The Journal of educational research》2012,105(1):47-53
Abstract In this study, the authors describe the efficacy beliefs of practicing elementary school teachers regarding character education. The Character Education Efficacy Belief Instrument, developed and validated by the authors, was completed by a sample of 254 elementary school teachers in a large midwestern suburban school district. The results suggest that elementary school teachers feel efficacious about most aspects of character education and that teachers who earned their undergraduate degrees from private, religiously affiliated universities have a greater sense of efficacy for character education. Further research into the nature and effectiveness of programs that exist in private, religiously affiliated institutions may suggest methods for developing teachers' abilities to provide character education in schools. 相似文献
4.
AbstractIn the rapid development of Chinese higher vocational education, large gaps have appeared in the scale of development and resource generation among the provinces, among regions in the provinces, and among higher education institutions in the provinces. Balanced regional development and provincial-level coordination have become policy focal points, but a discussion of the relationship between the two has been lacking in the academic world. Based on 2009 data on vocational colleges in China, the quantitative analysis in this paper shows that there is a tension between the governance models of higher vocational education and balanced development of vocational colleges within provinces. Research findings show that school affiliation is related to the ability to attract public funding, appropriations for public schools are significantly higher than for private schools, and tuition for private schools is significantly higher than for public schools; school affiliation is related to output, and the new student registration rate and number of cooperating enterprises is higher for public schools than private schools; and there is a significant positive correlation between the ratio of prefecture-level city schools and the average number of cooperating enterprises for schools in a province, and a significant positive correlation between the ratio of private schools and the average tuition of schools in a province. This paper suggests that to achieve the dual objectives of balance and development, provincial-level governments should adjust their administrations and financing for higher vocational education and decentralize their authority to local governments, in order to build a diverse and flexible new model for higher vocational education governance. 相似文献
5.
本文以精英二分理论(Elite Dualism)为框架,探讨党内资历、教育背景以及其他人口统计变量对大学校长和书记的不同角色所产生的不同影响。经验分析表明,高校主要领导人的党内资历对一个领导担任书记职位而言有着显著的正面影响;同时,相对于书记而言,大学校长这一角色往往对任职者的教育背景有着更高的要求。 相似文献
6.
《Africa Education Review》2013,10(1):97-110
Abstract The aim of this paper was to review the contribution of private institutions to higher education in Africa and use Monash South Africa as a case study. A literature search was conducted to gain perspective on the current situation with respect to private higher education institutions in Africa and how they are perceived in relation to public higher education institutions. In comparison with public higher education institutions, private higher education institutions in Africa were successful in four areas: ? Widening access to higher education in the continent ? Improving the quality of education ? Improving student experience ? Increasing the recognition and marketability of their degrees However, private higher education institutions in Africa have failed in two areas: ? Reducing the costs of higher education in Africa ? Assisting with retention of skilled human capital in African countries. In fact, private higher education institutions in Africa, have exacerbated the two situations above. Monash South Africa was the first foreign university to be established in South Africa and one of over 100 private universities in the continent. As a campus of Monash University in Africa, it has seen a steady growth with over 3,500 students in the past 10 years of its existence. Like other private institutions, the campus was successful in the four areas above and also fails in the area of costs and assisting in retention of skilled staff in Africa. The campus has been successful in blending its private provider status with a public purpose mandate by offering degrees in social science, business and economics, information technology and health sciences. 相似文献
7.
韩国、马来西亚、菲律宾三国私立高等教育经费政策研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
韩国、马来西亚和菲律宾等国的私立高等院校所占比例均在85%以上,在校生数占一半以上,高者达74%。这与所在国的高等教育发展政策、经费政策和管理政策是分不开的,其政府实施的经费资助政策更是私立高等教育发展、稳定与否的"晴雨表"。三国私立高等教育发展变化显示,私立高等教育发展与政府的经费政策,尤其是多元化教育投入有着很强的联系。 相似文献
8.
防范办学风险:政府和民办高校的责任 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
民办高校快速发展的背后存在着风险隐患,这既有其自身的原因,也有难以克服的外部原因。在防范和化解办学风险的过程中,应充分发挥政府和民办高校的作用。政府的职责是以公共治理为指针,进一步完善民办高等教育法规政策,加强对民办高校的宏观调控;民办高校的职责则是加强学校制度建设,提升办学品质。 相似文献
9.
《Africa Education Review》2013,10(3):429-446
ABSTRACTThe dire need for eye care services and a dearth of human resources (HR) in sub-Saharan Africa motivated the setting up of new optometry programmes. However, to make a meaningful impact, geographical, gender, economic and educational disparities must additionally be addressed.Aqualitative study utilizing purposive sampling to select academic leadership and students from optometry programmes in sub-Saharan Africa was conducted. Individual and focus group interviews produced data that were coded and analysed using a deductive thematic analysis approach. The themes that emerged as contributing to disparities in access through recruitment and selection were institutional barriers (student intake numbers, programme marketing, minimum entry requirements, absence of pre-medical programme) and socio-economic barriers (finance, poor secondary school education, lack of knowledge of optometry, geographic location of institutions, gender). To address equity, institutions should engage with communities, market via community radio stations, offer pre-medical and bridging programmes, partner with governments and private funders to offer loans and bursaries and affirm females and rural applicants in recruitment and selection. In conclusion, universities must be socially accountable in all facets of education including recruitment and selection. 相似文献
10.
我国成人高等教育办学机构管理体制存在的问题主要有:高度集权的管理弊端,管办合一的体制缺陷,条块分割的管理壁垒,教育资源市场配置的行政性排斥,社会参与的第三方缺位。创新我国成人高等教育办学机构管理体制,应贯彻"统筹有力"原则,建立跨部门的统筹协调组织机构;加快职能转变,实现政府管理模式创新;进一步简政放权,落实办学机构的法人地位;推进政校分开,实现管办分离的体制改革;发挥市场资源配置的基础性作用;赋予成人高等教育中介组织相应的管理职能。 相似文献
11.
Vladimir A. Geroimenko Grigori A. Kliucharev W. John Morgan 《European Journal of Education》2012,47(1):77-91
This article considers the potential role of private institutions in the development of Russian higher education. After decades of a government centralised higher education system, there is a clear trend towards the privatisation of education institutions and the diversification of education practices. Some commentators consider this to indicate that the Russian State is losing control of education; others welcome private initiatives, both in formal and informal education. Russian higher education has also been greatly challenged by the current demographic gap: the total number of secondary school graduates expected in 2012 is half that of 2006. This strengthens the competition for the enrolment of students in private and public (federal and municipal) institutions. Based on recent interviews with senior management at a number of provincial private universities, this article suggests possible avenues for private universities to extend into the education market and considers the implications. 相似文献
12.
This article presents a case study of Malaysia’s inroad in internationalising its higher education system for the past three decades and proposes recommendations and the way forward in internationalisation. Internationalisation is one of the critical agenda in Malaysia’s higher education transformation with an end target of becoming an international hub of higher education excellence by 2020. The country is no stranger in internationalisation as efforts in student mobility, academic programmes and international collaboration have started since the 1980s and 1990s. As with other higher education systems globally, it was the private sector that initiated and sustained efforts in internationalisation of Malaysian higher education. With the growth in international student enrolment, the country has established itself as a student hub; however, greater focus and clarity in direction should be set forward in accelerating Malaysia’s progress in internationalisation, with research and development as a potential catalyst. The article also questions Malaysia’s current standing with regard to internationalisation and the need in facilitating higher education institutions to build their capacity in internationalisation, highlighting the important roles of individual institutions at both public and private sector that drive the country’s internationalisation agenda. 相似文献
13.
The centralisation of French educational institutions is more in keeping with a political and social model than with reality. The construction of a complete school system under state supervision started early but has been a process of more than a century and a half long, which until 1880 mostly concerned the education of the elite (higher education and the lycées), and which left an important role to cities. Part of the educational action of the state has long been based on the idea that training courses should be adapted to the needs of cities and regions. Towns were entrusted with a great part of the state educational policies while influencing the private sector at the same time. But although their school policies had abiding features and their financial commitments increased considerably during the nineteenth century, cities have never been independent of the state. Moreover, a great many other local groups and individuals took part in school development. Urbanisation in France has been gradual, which accounts for the lack of interest in urban educational studies on the part of French historians. The shift of the past few years has given us a whole new insight into our knowledge of the history of schooling and has brought to light its institutional, material and financial factors - overlooked until now. One of these factors is the permanent threat of pupil shortage which weighed heavily on most nineteenth century public and private post-elementary schools. Until public education became free - in 1881 in primary schools and in the 1930s in secondary schools - all schools were basically self-supporting. Recruiting a sufficient number of pupils was both a crucial necessity and one of the driving forces behind the creation and the renewal of educational provision, especially when several schools were in competition. Free education did not bring about any profound changes: the growth of school attendance reduced the unitary cost of studies and remained a major criterion by which the value of school management was judged. 相似文献
14.
Using data from a census of private schools in one of Lagos, Nigeria’s administrative jurisdictions, this paper explores the linkages between a heterogeneous sector of private schools and issues of school access, affordability, quality, and ultimately social mobility for households at the bottom of the income distribution. Although a large private education market has buoyed Lagos’s growth towards near-universal primary enrolment, this heterogeneous school sector appears to be providing socially stratifying paths towards educational attainment. We apply Lucas’s theory of effectively maintained inequality to assess the extent to which access to higher quality education services within the private sector is determined by cost. We find that higher-cost private schools provide students with greater opportunities to study in institutions with higher quality inputs and increased potential for progression within the educational system. As such, it is highly likely that these schools are primarily accessible to students at the upper ends of the income distribution. 相似文献
15.
民办高校规范化办学内部监督机制是民办高校按照国家有关教育政策和制度规范对民办高校办学行为的规范化、合法性进行监督的系统内部构成要素之间的内在联系及其运行过程与方式。民办高校规范化办学内部监督机制在民办高校规范化办学监督过程中扮演着极其重要的角色,它是民办高校科学管理和规范化办学的重要机制保障,同时也是民办高校规范有序运行和科学发展的重要制度基础。当前民办高校规范化办学内部监督机制存在一些问题,民办高校应完善法人治理结构,加强学校章程建设,落实完善教代会制度,积极发挥党组织的监督作用,以进一步完善内部监督机制。 相似文献
16.
Kenneth D. Smith John Paul Eddy Thomas C. Richards Paul N. Dixon 《The American journal of distance education》2013,27(2):5-13
Abstract An empirical examination of accredited American higher education institutions was conducted to obtain baseline data regarding distance education copyright, intellectual property, and antitrust concerns. Additionally, a multiple‐case study involving ten of the top thirty accredited distance education institutions in America was conducted. Policy approaches were examined for all institutions, and differences were discussed between public and private institutions as well as between the following Carnegie Classification institutions: Research I and II, Doctorate I and II, and Master's I and II. Data indicated that, out of the schools surveyed, 22% of the institutions in these Carnegie Classification categories published copyright and intellectual property policies on their institution's Web site. In the case study, it was found that 90% of the institutions centrally controlled their distance education program administration as well as the copyright and intellectual property policies related to it. 相似文献
17.
Simon Marginson 《Higher Education Quarterly》2011,65(4):411-433
Policy debate about whether to maintain public subsidies for higher education has stimulated reconsideration of the public mission of higher education institutions, especially those that provide student places conferring private benefits. If the work of higher education institutions is defined simply as the aggregation of private interests, this evaporates the rationale for higher education institutions as distinctive social foundations with multiple public and private roles. The private benefits could be produced elsewhere. If that is all there is to higher education institutions, they could follow the Tudor monasteries into oblivion. But what is ‘public’ in higher education institutions? What could be ‘public’? What should be ‘public’? The paper reviews the main notions of ‘public’ (public goods in economics, public understood as collective good and Habermas' public sphere) noting the contested and politicised environment in which notions of ‘public’ must find purchase. A turn to global public goods offers the most promising strategy for re‐grounding the ‘public’ character of higher education. 相似文献
18.
《师资教育杂志》2012,38(3):297-309
ABSTRACT Recent proposals by the British government to radically reform initial teacher education have generated responses from both higher education and schools. The views of student teachers concerning their levels of satisfaction with current training have not been widely reported. This paper redresses the balance by collecting information from 122 Postgraduate Certificate of Education students who trained at the University of Birmingham, United Kingdom, in 1989 and 1990. Their responses are analysed in the context of the proposals for secondary courses which have moved from a recommendation that 80% should be school‐based to one which requires students to spend 24 out of 36 weeks in school. There is also reflection upon the arguments for reform put forward by various right wing institutions and individuals. 相似文献
19.
Abstract The applied personnel training model, which is centered on applications, oriented toward the market, and premised on abilities, has appeared at private institutions of higher education in a variety of formats, including the embedded format, custom order format, industry-education integration, and so on. However, the presence of blind emulation in goal orientation, theoretization of curriculum systems, homogenization of the composition of qualified teachers, formalization of personnel evaluations, and other issues has prevented the applied personnel training model from achieving effective linkage between private higher education and industry: only through cooperation between entities on all sides and constant innovation will it be possible to fully exercise the important functions of the applied personnel training model at private institutions of higher education. 相似文献
20.
董事会是学校法人治理结构的核心。董事会能否发挥应有作用，关键在于其是否具备独立性与公
正性。以探索建立民办学校独立董事制度的国家政策为指引，审慎移植来自上市公司独立董事的制度经验，
民办学校引入独立董事制度有充分的必要性和可行性。其价值在于推动民办学校办学规范化、治理专业化，
强化公益性、增强公信力。分类管理背景下，应以新修订的《中华人民共和国民办教育促进法》及其配套政策
正式实施为契机，在《中华人民共和国民办教育促进法实施条例》修订、民办教育地方立法和学校法人治理结
构优化过程中，加快推动民办学校引入独立董事制度，建立包括选任机制、权责配置、运行机制和保障机制在
内的民办学校独立董事制度体系，助力举办者控制型董事会向以独立性为核心特征的董事会转型。 相似文献