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1.
乒乓球运动员的判断能力直接影响到步法、手法技术动作的使用效果,从而成为影响比赛胜负的重要因素。运用文献资料法、专家访谈法等方法,对乒乓球运动员判断的内容、重要性等方面进行研究,结果表明通过建立判断意识,通过培养乒乓球运动员观察能力、思维能力以及实战比赛有利于培养乒乓球运动员的判断能力。 相似文献
2.
乒乓球运动员应加强快速、准确、灵活的步法训练 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
论述了乒乓球运动员在短时间内,根据来球方向、速度、落点以及旋转等快速作出判断时步法移动的重要意义,并提出一些训练措施。 相似文献
3.
从心理学认知角度,将被试按运动等级分为专家组和新手组,运用高速摄像等方法,研究乒乓球运动员在不同时间和空间阻断条件下接发球落点及旋转判断的反应时及准确性.结果表明:2组运动员不同时间阻断对发球旋转性质判断的准确性和反应时均有显著性差异;对发球落点判断的准确性和反应时专家组优于新手组;2组运动员不同空间阻断对发球旋转性质及落点判断均有显著性差异;在落点和旋转判断上,球拍阻断部位低于躯干阻断部位,躯干阻断部位低于头部阻断部位.优秀运动员能够在短时间内综合更多有效信息对发球旋转和落点作出有效判断,此能力可作为考察能否成为优秀运动员的重要指标. 相似文献
4.
LI Jin-liang ZHAO Xia ZHANG Ruo-bo 《体育科研》2005,26(3):76-79,99
本研究通过实验的方法对乒乓球运动员在接发球过程中对发球前对手的信息判断的准确性进行了研究.研究对象北京体育大学乒乓球专业学生40名,分为两组,熟练组(参加过职业赛事)20名((M=20.30岁,SD=2.11),欠熟练组(未参加过职业赛事)20名(M=21.35岁,SD=1.14),并通过专门的软件对他们判断成绩做出评估.实验一的目的是检验两组运动员在接发球时,通过对方发球前的动作信息对来球的落点进行判断.结果表明运动员在主要停顿时间判断方面的结果差异显著(F(3,114)=1.771,p=0.157);而不同技术水平对停顿时间方面的结果差异不显著(F(3,114)=1.771,p=0.157);还表明,熟练组和欠熟练组在落点判断的准确性方面差异不具有显著性(F(1,38)=1.495,p=0.229).另外,随着判断时间的延长,实验对象对球落点判断的错误率下降.实验二的目的是测试两组运动员接发球时对对方发球旋转的特性判断,结果表明,他们做出判断反应的主要停顿时间段结果具有显著性差异(F(3,114)=3.525,p=0.017);而技术水平对停顿时间的差异不具显著性(F(3,114)=1.003,p=0.394);熟练组的乒乓球运动员在判断来发球的旋转方面要明显优于欠熟练组运动员(F(1,38)=1776.158,p＜0.005);然而,测试实验对象组内比较说明只有在球--拍接触的时间段内,对球旋转性判断的错误率才大大降低.研究结果表明,乒乓球运动员在接发球时,依靠对手发球前的一些动作信息来预判断球的落点,这与平常多数人认为的只有在发球方的球--拍接触瞬间的动作信息才能作为判断来球落点与旋转的观点是不同的.另一方面,熟练程度高的乒乓球运动员能够更有效的借助对方的一些信息来判断球的旋转,而不是球的落点.最后,对熟练水平相对较低的运动员而言,高水平的乒乓球运动员在对方发球的旋转与对应动作时间信息的关系方面有足够的知识储备,因而,能够在最大程度上根据来球的旋转特点选择相应的接发球动作. 相似文献
5.
唐芳武 《体育科技文献通报》2013,21(1):53-55
采用录像统计方法,对当今世界优秀男子乒乓球运动员在比赛中的发球落点进行量化研究,分析运动员在比赛中发球落点的技战术运用特点和规律.结果显示:优秀男子乒乓球运动员在比赛中发球落点最多的区域是中间位近网区,占38.93％;发球得分率最高的落点区域是中间位底线区,得分率为63.01％.中间位短球和底线区长球相结合的发球战术是优秀乒乓球运动员运用最有效的战术套路. 相似文献
6.
不同视觉条件下乒乓球运动员发球视觉搜索特征的比较研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用10名乒乓球专业运动员为被试,以乒乓球发球片段为运动情境,结合双眼视差成像原理的偏正光技术在实验室形成立体环境为素材,对专业运动员的视觉搜索特征进行实验研究,同时进行平面视觉和立体视觉条件下运动员视觉搜索特征的比较研究。结果表明:在不同视觉条件下,乒乓球运动员的视觉搜索特征和操作绩效存在差异。在立体视觉成像条件下乒乓球运动员接发球落点的判断反应快,且运动员的采用了注视次数少,视觉搜索频率快,注视分配和注视轨迹更倾向于集中的搜索模式。运动员在立体视觉条件下视觉信息加工效率更高。 相似文献
7.
对乒乓球运动员判断能力的分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
滕守刚 《武汉体育学院学报》1999,(2)
本文通过对乒乓球运动中的判断能力的分析与探讨,以期提高运动员正确判断的能力,达到提高运动技术水平的目的。 相似文献
8.
周立生 《武汉体育学院学报》1993,(3)
乒乓球基本功训练,在整个乒乓球训练体系中占有极为重要的地位。实践证明:乒乓球运动员的基本功训练,对于提高运动技术水平,攀登乒乓球运动技术高峰,延长运动寿命,都具有十分重要的意义。乒乓球运动员的基本功,是指乒乓球运动员为了达到一定运动水平所必须具备的相应的基本技能和基本体能。基本技能:主要是指技术质量、变化能力和适应能力。它包括击球的准确性、速度力量、旋转及落点;速度、力量、旋转、节奏、落点的主动变化能力;适应对方速度、力量、旋转、节奏、落点的变化能力。 相似文献
9.
发球作为乒乓球比赛开始的第一拍,有着无可厚非的主动权.运动员发球技术的好坏,除了旋转的强弱,也体现在对落点的控制和变化上.发球好的运动员可以凭主观意识站在任何位置,发出任何线路、落点、旋转、弧线的球,通过高质量的发球可以直接得分或为下一板击球争取主动,还能起到控制或破坏对方进攻的作用.本文选取优秀男子乒乓球运动员张继科4场有代表性的比赛(表1),分析其发球效应与发球环节的关系,为广大运动员的训练提供参考. 相似文献
10.
中国优秀青年乒乓球运动员心理特征分析 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
以2003年1月参加中国青年奥运集训比赛的114名运动员为研究对象，深入细致地分析了不同竞技水平的男女运动员在心理方面的差异及特征。在注意力方面，女运动员3组间差异主要表现在集稳能力和三瞬指数上，男运动员3组间差异主要表现在转移能力和一瞬指数上。女运动员在思维能力上没有阳性结果，而男运动员3组间在落点判断上有明显差异，说明专项思维能力对男子乒乓球运动员来说至关重要。 相似文献
11.
Mark G. Abel James C. Hannon Patricia A. Eisenman Lynda B. Ransdell Marjorie Pett Daniel P. Williams 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(3):434-444
This study examined whether differences in waist circumference (WC) and pedometer placement (anterior vs. midaxillary vs. posterior) affect the agreement between pedometer and observed steps during treadmill and self-paced walking. Participants included 19 pairs of youth (9–15 years old) who were matched for sex, race, and height and stratified by WC (high WC: HWC; low WC: LWC). Participants performed 3-min treadmill-walking trials at speeds of 59, 72, and 86 m·min-1 and a 400-m self-paced walking trial on level ground. Bland-Altman plots were used to assess the agreement between pedometer and observed steps of spring-levered pedometers by WC, pedometer placement, and walking speed. In the HWC group, the posterior pedometer placement consistently agreed most closely with observed steps at all treadmill speeds and during self-paced walking. In the LWC group, no single pedometer placement consistently agreed most closely with observed steps at all treadmill speeds and during self-paced walking. We conclude that a posterior pedometer placement improves step-count accuracy in most youth with an HWC at a range of walking speeds on level ground. 相似文献
12.
陈德林 《山东体育学院学报》2000,16(1):74-76
在乒乓球教学、训练实践中,运用乒乓球１２区落点训练法进行了教学实验,结果显示：乒乓球１２区落点训练在提高学生的乒乓球基本技术、落点的准确性、战术意识、实战能力等方面明显优于常规教法,该训练方法设计简单,新颖实用。 相似文献
13.
采用文献资料法、问卷调查法、访问法和数理统计法等研究方法,分析了影响网球运动员预判对手抽球落点的各种因素,对运动员掌握预判来球落点的时机和方法,以及提高预断的准确性和及时性都具有重要的指导意义,同时对网球教学、训练及运动员的选拔等方面也具有重要的辅助和参考价值。 相似文献
14.
要打好乒乓球,从理论上来说,必须达到两个要求:一是根据规则规定,将球回击对方台面上去,即进行有效回击,它要求打球时要有合适的弧线和准确的落点;二是打过去的球要有质量,也就是说击球必须有速度、力量、旋转、落点变化与弧线变化。没有击球的准确性,根本谈不上击球质量,文章就此进行研究,以期为相关研究提供帮助。 相似文献
15.
Konttinen N Mets T Lyytinen H Paananen M 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2003,74(4):395-400
This study investigated the timing of the trigger pull in relation to the cardiac cycle during air rifle shooting. Electrocardiogram) was recorded from 20 male nonelite rifle shooters in two separate testing sessions. The testing was conducted at an indoor shooting range using an optoelectronic shooting system. Each participant fired a shot in the standing position at a distance of 10 m from the target. The results showed that compared to random triggering, the shooters fired more often during the phase of 10-50% of the R wave-to-R wave (R-R) interval and less often during the phase of 50-90%. With regard to performance accuracy, the participants exhibited average or above average performance, when the shot occurred in the beginning (0-50%) and in the end (70-99%) of the R-R interval. The less optimal range for the triggering was located within the 50-70% phase of the R-R interval. The length of R-R interval (i.e., heart rate) did not affect the relation of shot placement within the cardiac cycle to the accuracy of shooting performance. The present results extend previous findings by showing that in air rile shooting the optimum firing time within the cardiac cycle may be located in the systolic phase. It is argued that the systole-diastole dichotomy is not a sufficiently accurate way to investigate the effects of shot placement in the cardiac cycle. Further research is needed to examine the extent to which the relationship between the timing of triggering within the cardiac cycle and shooting performance depends a shooter's skill level. 相似文献
16.
Kris Berg Richard W. Latin Thomas Baechle 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(4):395-401
Abstract This study investigated the timing of the trigger pull in relation to the cardiac cycle during air rifle shooting. Electrocardiogram) was recorded from 20 male nonelite rifle shooters in two separate testing sessions. The testing was conducted at an indoor shooting range using an optoelectronic shooting system. Each participant fired a shot in the standing position at a distance of 10 m from the target. The results showed that compared to random triggering, the shooters fired more often during the phase of 10–50% of the R wave-to-R wave (R-R) interval and less often during the phase of 50–90%. With regard to performance accuracy, the participants exhibited average or above average performance, when the shot occurred in the beginning (0–50%) and in the end (70–99%) of the R-R interval. The less optimal range for the triggering was located within the 50–70% phase of the R-R interval. The length of R-R interval (i.e., heart rate) did not affect the relation of shot placement within the cardiac cycle to the accuracy of shooting performance. The present results extend previous findings by showing that in air rifle shooting the optimum firing time within the cardiac cycle may be located in the systolic phase. It is argued that the systole-diastole dichotomy is not a sufficiently accurate way to investigate the effects of shot placement in the cardiac cycle. Further research is needed to examine the extent to which the relationship between the timing of triggering within the cardiac cycle and shooting performance depends a shooter's skill level. 相似文献
17.
第17届世界杯足球赛决赛阶段定位球进球分析 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
林宁 《山东体育学院学报》2004,20(1):68-69
对第17届世界杯足球赛决赛阶段64场比赛的定位球进球进行观察与统计，指出定位球战术在比赛中仍占据重要地位，开场和邻近结束的时间是定位球进球的黄金时段，任意球是定位球进球的主要手段，头顶球在定位球进攻中起重要作用。 相似文献
18.
对第18届世界杯足球赛决赛阶段64场比赛的定位球进球进行观察与统计,指出定位球战术在比赛中仍占据重要地位,任意球是定位球进球的主要手段,头顶球在定位球进攻中起重要作用.从中找出世界强队定位球进球的一般规律,为我国足球训练和比赛提供参考. 相似文献
19.
Concerns surround the association between alcohol advertising and alcohol consumption amongst audiences. Research has examined the link in broadcast sports, yet limited attention is directed towards newer media. This paper examines whether there is a link between alcohol sponsorship in sports games and alcohol brand recall, recognition and choice, and whether in-game health messages moderate this association. Simulated games designed specifically for this study are used to observe whether in-game alcohol sponsorship combined with embedded health messages affect the player’s brand awareness. Findings highlight the influence of in-game alcohol sponsorship placement on brand awareness, yet embedded health messages do not impact consumer behaviours. This research provides evidence suggesting regulations in games may be warranted and further examination of health messaging in sponsor brand placement necessary. 相似文献
20.
Paul Ward A. Mark Williams Simon J. Bennett 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(1):107-112
Purpose The purposes of this study were to: (a) examine the effect of experience and goal constraints (speed, accuracy) on kicking patterns; (b) determine if effective striking mass was independent of ankle velocity at impact; and (c) determine the accuracy of kicks relative to independent factors. Method Twenty participants were recruited to kick at 3 different velocities with and without an accuracy requirement. Multivariate analysis of variance determined if relative timing of joint angular velocities changed during the kick. Chi-square analysis determined if calculated effective mass was independent of ankle velocity at impact. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to examine differences in absolute constant error and variable error according to independent factors. Results Results indicated that experience and speed affect absolute timing of joint velocities with no changes in the relative timing of peak joint velocity across independent factors. Chi-square analysis indicated that calculated effective mass is not independent of ankle velocity. ANOVA indicated that experienced performers displayed less variability error than did inexperienced performers. Conclusion It was concluded that: (a) Experience, velocity, and accuracy do not affect the relative timing of kicks; (b) kickers trade ankle velocity at impact for greater effective striking mass and ball velocity; and (c) variability in ball placement is affected by experience. 相似文献