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Natural disasters have caused significant financial and economic losses. One prominent way to combat these losses is crowdfunding. Donation-based crowdfunding platforms have been the backbone for disaster relief operations (DRO), but the engagement of donors with these platforms needs significant attention. This study aims to understand how gamification is used as a tool for understanding the behaviour of donors on crowdfunding platforms for DRO. The study uses the Civic Voluntary Model (CVM) to propose the conceptual framework and collects empirical data from 321 respondents to test the hypothesis. The study uses information quality and voluntariness as moderating variables and the model also controls for ownership of the crowdfunding platform and previous experience of donation. The results confirm that gamification positively impacts the behaviour of donors, which then leads to higher participation in crowdfunding channels. Both information quality and voluntary behaviour of donors have significant moderating effects that help in understanding the behaviour of donors and their participation in crowdfunding platforms. The results indicate that previous experience of making donations does not have a significant impact on the behaviour and actions of donors. The study thus brings a fresh perspective to using game mechanics along with understanding the quality of information on crowdfunding platforms to attract and sustain donations in DRO. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Information Management》2017,37(5):431-437
With rapid advancements in information and communication technology, open collaboration has become easier, thereby allowing people to participate through internet platform. Open source software is one of the representative examples of open collaboration. In this research, we examine the antecedents of innovation performance for open source software development organizations on Github (www.github.com), which is a leading web service for the open collaborations of developers. From the perspective of resource allocation, this study investigates effective governance strategies to allocate developers to multiple projects within an organization. Overall, we find that the organization with high performance have a small number of developers to participate in most projects and most developers to participate in a small number of projects. 相似文献
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This study examined how participation in open innovation communities influences the innovative and financial performance of firms commercializing open source software. Using an original dataset of open source companies in the Netherlands, I found that the community participation–performance relationship is curvilinear. In addition, results indicate that extensive technical participation in open source projects is more strongly related to performance for firms that also engage in social (“offline”) community activities, for companies of larger size, and for firms with high R&D intensities. Overall, this research refines our understanding of the boundary conditions under which engagement in community-based innovation yields private returns to commercial actors. 相似文献
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Joel West 《Research Policy》2003,32(7):1259-1285
Computer platforms provide an integrated architecture of hardware and software standards as a basis for developing complementary assets. The most successful platforms were owned by proprietary sponsors that controlled platform evolution and appropriated associated rewards.Responding to the Internet and open source systems, three traditional vendors of proprietary platforms experimented with hybrid strategies which attempted to combine the advantages of open source software while retaining control and differentiation. Such hybrid standards strategies reflect the competing imperatives for adoption and appropriability, and suggest the conditions under which such strategies may be preferable to either the purely open or purely proprietary alternatives. 相似文献
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《Research Policy》2019,48(8):103771
Innovation is a cumulative process in which past knowledge created by others can be both a source for predictable outcomes and also a barrier to significant change. The recent literature on digital innovation suggests that open platforms, which encourage their developers to build upon each other's knowledge when innovating their add-on apps in the periphery, face a related paradox. Developers face the tension of either being coherent with the past, or flexible to adjust to the future. In this paper, we examine how the trade-off between coherent and flexible search mechanisms affects the individual developer's choice of innovating a certain app as well as his or her cumulative impact, i.e., the degree of modifications to the app. We study an open platform in the multi-disciplinary field of nanotechnology, in which 480 developers perform more than 30,000 problem-solving actions over a period of 10 years. We use relational event modeling to differentially assess the effect of the coherent and flexible search strategies. We find that developers are significantly more likely to choose a certain app that is consistent with both a coherent and flexible strategy. However, a coherent strategy leads to greater cumulative impact on an app compared to a strategy of being mutually coherent and flexible. Thus, our findings indicate both a complementary and a contradictory logic in how the tension between coherence and flexibility unfolds. We make contributions to the recent literature on digital innovation as well as the innovation literature more broadly. Further, our results inform innovation policy and platform design. 相似文献
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基于开源软件项目发起人个体行为视角,以全球最大的开源软件代码托管平台GitHub上的8053组开源软件项目为研究对象,并随机收集了333位项目发起人问卷数据,探索项目发起人对项目绩效的影响及其作用机理,以及知识共享在二者之间的中介作用.研究发现:(1)开源软件项目发起人作为特殊开发者,其参与动机、个人价值观、个人影响力和创新意识对项目绩效具有显著正向影响,其中前两者比后两者的重要性更大;(2)开源社区内的知识共享对项目绩效起到了部分中介作用,高效的知识共享与清晰的知识流转过程对于项目最终质量起着至关重要的作用.研究表明,开源软件项目发起人对于促进开源社区的知识共享与提高项目绩效起到重要的影响作用,而知识共享在项目发起人与项目绩效之间具有中介效应. 相似文献
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本文从开放广度和深度2个维度系统探索软件平台开放对创新绩效的影响以及平台吸引力对上述过程的调节作用。结合文献研究和专家访谈法，确定平台创新绩效的测度指标体系；选取2008-2015年间中国上线并上市的30家软件平台有效样本及其主导企业相关数据，采用层次回归分析方法进行实证检验。结果表明，平台开放广度对平台创新绩效所有指标具有正向影响；开放深度呈倒U型影响平台创新绩效；不同维度平台吸引力对开放度影响创新绩效过程的调节作用存在差异，其中，正向调节开放广度的影响成立，但对开放深度影响的调节作用不尽一致。研究结论对于系统认识软件平台开放性与平台整体创新绩效的关系，促进平台产业转型升级，尤其是指导主导企业的平台开放决策，提升开放创新效率具有重要启示。 相似文献
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Research into free and open source software development projects has so far largely focused on how the major tasks of software development are organized and motivated. But a complete project requires the execution of “mundane but necessary” tasks as well. In this paper, we explore how the mundane but necessary task of field support is organized in the case of Apache web server software, and why some project participants are motivated to provide this service gratis to others. We find that the Apache field support system functions effectively. We also find that, when we partition the help system into its component tasks, 98% of the effort expended by information providers in fact returns direct learning benefits to those providers. This finding considerably reduces the puzzle of why information providers are willing to perform this task “for free.” Implications are discussed. 相似文献
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开源成为近年来发展较快的设计与创新模式，它在产品的创意转化、技术转化、市场导向、创新程度等方面具有显著的低成本和高客户满意度的优势。寻找关键影响因素对提高开源设计的效率和成功率有着积极的推动意义。首先，运用扎根理论文献综述的方法对相关领域的文献进行筛选和整理；其次，基于Crowston的开源软件进化过程模型，本文从输入要素和过程要素两大方面分析了影响开源设计成功的相关因素，主要包括：人员动机与行为、产品模块化的特点、项目许可的约束程度、社区规模与结构、知识共享的机制以及企业支持等。最后，根据上述分析，总结了开源设计演化过程中的两阶段影响因素，进而提出“两个持续”的目标对应两个阶段：在Pre-阶段成员的持续加入和在Post-阶段成员的持续创新，是开源设计成功的关键。 相似文献
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随着开源软件(OSS)的普及，作为其承载平台的开源软件社区，也得到了用户的广泛使用。但用户往往仅从社区获取开源软件或代码，而缺乏知识贡献的意愿，这将影响OSS社区的持续运营和发展。基于社会影响理论，本文建立了开源软件社区用户知识贡献行为模型，考察了顺从、认同、内化三种社会影响机制对用户行为的作用。研究收集了351份有效数据，采用结构方程模型(SEM)进行分析。研究结果显示，社会认可（认同机制）是影响开源软件社区用户知识贡献意愿的主要因素，群体规范（内化机制）对用户的贡献意愿没有显著作用，而主观规范（顺从机制）阻碍用户的贡献意愿形成。研究结果启示开源软件社区需重视建立用户的社会认同，从而促进其知识贡献行为，确保社区的成功。 相似文献
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When trying to attain the benefits of open source software (OSS), proprietary closed source software (PCSS) firms are struggling to adopt this radically different practice of software development. We approach these adoption challenges as a problem of gaining support for organizational innovation. Through a mixed-method research design consisting of qualitative interviews and a survey of employees of a large telecommunications firm, we find that the organizational innovation to commercially engage in OSS has different impacts on technical and administrative dimensions of different job roles. Accordingly, individuals enacting different job roles are—on average—more or less well aligned with the OSS practice and OSS processes per se. We find that individual-level attributes can counterbalance the job role changes that weaken support for adopting OSS, while perceived organizational commitment has no effect. Suggestions for PCSS firms are presented and implications for innovation literature are discussed. 相似文献
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This paper examines the within-industry diversification of software small and medium enterprises that collaborate with the open source software community (OSS SMEs). In doing so, it offers new insights into the association between open innovation and diversification. We rely on arguments inspired by the literature and evidence collected through interviews with OSS SMEs’ top managers to investigate factors that favor or hinder within-industry diversification. First, in line with the mainstream diversification literature, we focus attention on the role of firm size. Second, in the spirit of the open innovation research, we concentrate on the mechanisms that OSS SMEs put in place to get access to the external resources of the OSS community. Econometric evidence on 100 European OSS SMEs shows that firm size is negatively associated to within-industry diversification, while OSS SMEs that have contributed to a larger number of OSS projects have a more diversified portfolio of software products. Furthermore, we provide preliminary evidence that the practice of authorizing firm programmers to contribute autonomously to OSS projects of their own choice during working hours may be positively associated to within-industry diversification only if OSS SMEs possess adequate internal technological resources. 相似文献
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Do open source software (OSS) projects represent a new innovation model? Under what conditions can it be employed in other contexts? “Collective invention” regimes usually ended when a dominant design emerged. This is not the case with OSS. Firstly, the OSS community developed the institutional innovation of OSS licenses enabling OSS software to survive as a common property. Secondly, these licenses are mainly enforced by pro-socially motivated contributors. We characterize the conditions under which OSS communities develop and sustain pro-social commitments. We point out the vulnerability of these conditions to developments in patent legislation. 相似文献
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在线的C2C分享平台是目前分享经济的重要方向之一。一些C2C知识分享平台中采用对成员的评价机制作为鼓励分享行为的重要手段之一,但是在理论上评价机制与个体知识分享行为之间的关联机制却少有研究。本文通过内容分析和社会网络分析等方法,对国内一个咨询行业专业QQ群进行了大数据分析,实证探讨了系统评价和群内成员互评两种评价机制在成员的知识分享行为与个体知识网络中心性之间的调节效应。在实证分析的基础上,本文进一步根据系统评价和成员互评两种评价机制作用的异同将知识分享平台划分为应用型、创新型和合作型知识分享平台。 相似文献
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Open source is an example of user-centric innovation initiated by an individual or group of users to satisfy their specific needs; the more a software evolves towards a stable release able to address the requirements of its developers, the more successful the project. In this paper we use a large data-set obtained from SourceForge.net to estimate the relationship between a series of different characteristics of OS projects and the probability of evolution of the source code from a preliminary release to a mature version. We show that while projects distributed under highly restrictive licensing terms (GPL) have a significantly smaller probability of reaching a stable release, applications towards sophisticated users have a larger probability of evolving in the development status. Interestingly, we find that the size of the “community of developers” increases the chances of progress but this effect decreases as the community gets larger, a signal of possible coordination problems. 相似文献
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The open source software (OSS) movement thrives on innovation and volunteer effort of developers. Scholars have expressed widespread concern about the sustainability of the OSS movement due to high levels of volunteerism. In this paper, we address a central challenge to the sustainability of OSS-developers’ acceptance of monetary rewards. We strive to explain why some OSS developers accept monetary rewards and others do not. Viewed through the theoretical lens of the private-collective innovation model (0395 and 0400), this allows us to describe when developers will accept private financial rewards. Our main research objective is to clearly map the web of relationships between causal antecedents, and developers’ acceptance behavior. Using a unique dataset that combines survey and behavioral measures, we find that – (a) intention to accept monetary rewards mediates the impact of motivational elements on developers’ acceptance of monetary rewards; (b) intrinsic and extrinsic motivations positively affect their intention to accept monetary rewards, community motivation negatively impacts intention and ideological motivation does not affect the intention to accept rewards and (c) these effects are obtained even after inclusion of several control variables. The theoretical and managerial implications of our work are described. 相似文献
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Opening up firms to open source has changed professional programmers’ work in software development. In their work practice they must cope with two modes of software production: one based on proprietary, closed work situations, the other built around open source community ways of cooperation and knowledge sharing. In this article we present a study of how programmers cope with the co-existence of an industrial/commercial and a community/commons based mode of production. We analyze how they develop strategies to handle tensions that arise from contradictions between these two modes, and how it changes programmers’ approach towards open source software development in the company. The study covers proprietary companies that have gradually incorporated open source software (hybrid companies) and SMEs entirely built around open source business concepts (pure-play companies). Four strategies are elaborated and discussed in-depth: Engineering in the lab, Market driven tailoring, Developing the community consortium and Peer-production. At a more general level, the study contributes to our understanding of how the transformation of proprietary production processes into a more open mode of knowledge work is not only associated with company strategies, but also with tensions and new demands on how work is strategically handled by knowledge workers. 相似文献
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近年来,随着网络技术的兴起,为CAI软件的发展带来了新的活力。本文结合计算机辅助教育的发展状况,介绍并分析了现有的主要教育模式和主流学习理论及其教学设计原则。同时,结合目前主流软件技术和软件架构体系,探索建立了一个由学习平台、自测平台、通信平台组成的统一的开放性计算机辅助教育平台,并由此提出对于更加有效的开放式学习平台的理解和设想。 相似文献
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考虑到平衡计分卡(Balanced Scorecard,BSC)具有平衡组织内外部要素、兼顾结果与驱动结果的因素、综合财务与非财务目标等优势,从战略视角构建基于BSC的众包创新战略地图,从财务、客户、内部流程、学习与成长四个维度识别影响众包创新目标实现的不确定性因素,得到众包创新项目的风险识别体系.提出整合模糊证据推理、灰色关联分析与FMEA模型的众包创新项目风险评价方法,并以海尔HOPE创新生态平台的"全光谱光源植物生长灯"项目开展应用研究.结果表明,接包方机会主义行为,知识产权归属不明,开放性文化冲突三项风险对该项目后续研发过程的影响最大,并提出相应对策,验证模型与方法的可行性与有效性. 相似文献