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为观察并比较12周高强度间歇训练(HIIT)和中等强度持续训练(MICT)干预对肥胖儿童内脏脂肪和心肺适能的改善作用。60名肥胖儿童(11.0±0.8)岁，男女生各30人随机分为HIIT组，MICT组和CON组。HIIT组进行强度为100%～110%最大有氧速度的高强度间歇训练；MICT组进行强度为70%～80%最大有氧速度的中等强度持续训练。干预前后分别测量受试者的身体成分、内脏脂肪、最大摄氧量、收缩压和舒张压，利用SPSS 22.0软件对测试结果进行统计学分析，采用一般线性模型单变量分析和简单效应模型比较各指标的组内和组间差异，并通过Pearson相关性分析观察各指标变化之间的关系。结果：12周干预后组内比较的结果显示，HIIT和MICT组受试者的BMI和躯干脂肪较干预前显著减少，最大摄氧量显著增加；HIIT组的内脏脂肪面积和MICT组的全身脂肪含量较干预前显著减少；组间比较结果显示，HIIT对最大摄氧量的增加和对内脏脂肪的减少作用显著大于MICT，而MICT对全身脂肪和下肢脂肪的减少作用显著大于HIIT；相关性分析结果显示，内脏脂肪和全身脂肪含量的减少与最大摄氧量的增加呈负相关(... 相似文献
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【目的】通过12周高强度间歇训练（HIIT）模式的搏击操运动与同等剂量的中等强度持续训练（MICT）模式的跑步运动对肥胖男大学生身体成分影响的比较分析,评价搏击操运动作为一种HIIT模式对肥胖男大学生身体成分影响的有效性。【方法】以30名肥胖男大学生为实验对象,以体重为匹配变量分为2组,MICT组和HIIT组,进行12周的运动干预。MICT组每周进行6天,每天32min跑步运动,运动强度为60-75%HRpeak。HIIT组每周进行6天,每天4次4min的搏击操运动,间歇期为2min的完全休息,每天运动时间为16min。运动强度为85-95%HRpeak。研究指标包括体重、BMI、WHR,脂肪质量、FMI、BF%、肌肉质量和LMI。【结果】（1）与干预前相比,MICT组和HIIT组肥胖男大学生干预后体重（p<0.01,p<0.01)、BMI(p<0.01,p<0.01)、WHR(p<0.01,p<0.01)、脂肪质量（p<0.01,p<0.01)、BF%(p<0.01,p<0.01)、FMI(p<0.01,p<0.... 相似文献
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应用主观疲劳量表（RPE）评价训练负荷的过程是一个心理生理过程，量化结果具有较大的主观性和不确定性，需将RPE训练负荷量化结果与生理指标测试结果进行结合分析。对16名大学生足球运动员的多次训练进行跟踪，采集每名运动员每次训练的训练前RPE值、训练后RPE值和整个训练过程的实时心率；采取训练后RPE值（Foster1算法）和训练累积RPE值（Foster2算法），4种心率算法（Banister1、Banister2、Edwards和Stagno）对每名运动员每次训练的内部负荷进行测算；采用相关分析，对两种RPE算法所得每名运动员每次训练的内部训练负荷值与4种心率算法所得的内部训练负荷值的相关性进行检验。显示：两种RPE算法估算的运动负荷：与Banister1算法测算出的相关性平均分别为0.91和0.79；与Banister2算法测算出的相关性平均分别为0.62和0.57；与Edwards算法测算出的相关性平均分别为0.75和0.69；与Stagno算法测算出的相关性平均分别为0.55和0.54。显示：RPE能够有效地量化评估足球运动员的训练负荷，且“训练后RPE值”比“训练累积RPE值”能更加准确地反映足球运动员的训练负荷。 相似文献
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目的:对比12周高强度间歇训练与中等强度持续训练促进肥胖小鼠内脏与皮下白色脂肪棕色化的效果,分析促进棕色化的交感神经活动及肌肉因子合成与棕色化标志物的相关关系。随后根据相关分析结果,对内脏脂肪交感神经受体进行化学抑制,验证交感神经活动促棕色化的作用。方法:1)效果观察实验,采用雌性C57bl/6小鼠经高糖高脂膳食诱导建立肥胖动物模型后,随机分为肥胖对照组(HFD)、中等强度持续运动组(MICT)和高强度间歇训练组(HIIT),HFD组不运动,MICT组进行中等强度跑台训练,HIIT组进行高强度间歇跑台训练。训练周期12周,期间3组均继续进行高糖高脂饲养。训练结束后测量子宫周围内脏脂肪与腹股沟皮下脂肪重量,H.E.染色观察脂肪细胞形态,蛋白免疫印迹观察骨骼肌过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ辅激活因子1α(peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha,PGC-1α)、纤维连接蛋白Ⅲ型结构域蛋白5(fibronectin typeⅢdomain-containing protein 5,FNDC5)、脂肪酪氨酸羟化酶(tyrosine hydroxylase,TH)及解偶联蛋白1(uncoupling protein-1,UCP-1)表达;2)机制验证实验,12只小鼠随机分为安慰剂组(Saline)与拮抗剂组(SR),两组均进行10天HIIT训练,SR组每次训练前2 h腹腔注射脂肪交感神经受体拮抗剂SR59230a,Saline组注射生理盐水,训练结束后蛋白免疫印迹观察内脏与皮下脂肪UCP-1表达。结果:1)HIIT组与MICT组体重均非常显著低于HFD组(P<0.01),HIIT组子宫周围内脏脂肪重量显著低于HFD组与MICT组(P<0.05),同时,内脏脂肪细胞体积HIIT组0.05),内脏与皮下脂肪FNDC5与UCP-1均无显著相关性;2)SR组内脏脂肪UCP-1表达显著低于Saline组(P<0.05)。结论:HIIT相比MICT可更显著的促进内脏白色脂肪组织棕色化,且此过程与脂肪交感神经调控密切相关。 相似文献
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Paul Laursen 《体育科研》2021,42(6):9-14
高强度间歇训练(HIIT)是以≥无氧阈或最大乳酸稳态的负荷强度进行多次持续时间为几秒到几分钟的练习,并且每 2.次练习之间安排不足以使练习者完全恢复的静息或低强度练习的训练方法。进入2 1.世纪以来,HIIT受到了训练科学与实践领域的密切关注,越来越多的教练员在训练实践中开始采用HIIT来提升运动员的竞技表现。然而,HIIT不只是“高强度”和“间歇”这么简单,其效果和价值的发挥需要考虑诸多因素。本文基于《高强度间歇训练的科学与应用:训练安排的解决方案》一书内容,分别从形式和目标类型、应用的整体框架、应用情境、同期化训练、关键指标 5.个方面对HIIT进行了论述,旨在为教练员和科研人员在训练实践当中应用HIIT并发挥HIIT的价值提供参考 相似文献
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近些年来,大强度间歇训练广泛的应用于大众健身和运动减肥领域。本文采用文献资料法梳理总结了HIIT对肥胖人群的干预效果,得出以下结论:(1)与中等强度持续训练相比,HIIT提高运动效率;增强运动后过量氧耗EPOC;抑制食欲,控制体重方面更具有优势;(2) HIIT与MICT在体重、BMI、Fat%、腰臀比方面具有相似的运动效果,但HIIT能降低内脏脂肪含量,而中低强度持续训练却无此效果;(3) HIIT能改善心肺耐力,显著提高最大摄氧量。 相似文献
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主观疲劳量表（Rating of Perceived Exertion，RPE）是一种在国内外被广泛采用的运动负荷量化评估手段。基于对国内外体育科学研究相关领域的数据库的文献综述，对采用单次运动RPE（session Rating of Perceived Exertion，sRPE）方法的研究和文献进行综述，发现：（1）已经有很多国内外的研究证实sRPE量化评估运动负荷方法的有效性和可靠性，可适用于多种项目、男性和女性、多个年龄段和水平层次的运动员的不同内容或类型的运动或训练，sRPE与客观指标之间具有较高的相关性；（2）sRPE量化评估运动负荷方法具有生态效用，可以适用于一个更长远的训练周期（比如一年甚至多年），还可用于计算训练单调性，分析运动损伤的发生风险，有助于优化训练分期，优化训练节奏，保持训练一致性，避免过度负荷甚至过度训练和运动损伤；（3）sRPE量化评估运动负荷的结果与教练员之间的关系的研究较少，尤其有关教练员主观判断的训练课前sRPE与运动员训练课后的sRPE之间的关系的研究，同时有研究报告一些社会学等因素可能会对sRPE量化评估运动负荷造成影响；（4）当前国内缺乏针对青少年运动员、不同项目运动员在不同训练类型和训练分期中应用sRPE量化评估的研究，以及中文文本的sRPE量表的有效性与可靠性的研究。 相似文献
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目的：对比分析高强度间歇训练(HIIT)和中等强度持续训练(MICT)对心血管患者血脂水平的影响,探究有氧运动改善心血管疾病危险因素的价值。方法：计算机检索PubMed、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、中国知网(CNKI)和中国生物医学文献数据库(CMB)中关于HIIT和MICT对心血管危险因素影响的随机对照实验(RCTs)成果,检索时限为建库至2023年2月,通过文献质量评价提取数据,采用Sata15.0、RevMan5.3统计软件进行Meta分析。结果：纳入文献11篇,涉及受试者327名。实验组(HIIT)与对照组(MICT)相比,对心血管改善作用相近,对高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)改善程度略优于对照组(WMD=0.062,95%CI,0.005-0.119,P=0.033),对低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)改善程度无显著差异(WMD=-0.001,95%CI,-0.159-0.158,P=0.995),对总胆固醇(TC)改善程度无显著差异(WMD=0.021,95%CI,-0.177-0.220,P=0.834),对甘油三酯(TRG)改善程度不及对照组(... 相似文献
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目的：利用Meta分析的方法比较高强度间歇训练（High-Intensity Interval Training，HⅡT）与中强度持续训练（Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training，MICT）对中国超重或肥胖人群干预作用的有效性。方法：在中英文电子数据库中检索2017年12月之前所有相关的临床随机对照研究文献，并对参考文献进行相关文献的补充检索，利用Review Manager 5.3软件合并效应量。结果：研究共纳入13篇研究，HⅡT组和MICT组分别纳入214例和208例成年超重或肥胖患者。结果显示：HⅡT降低超重或肥胖患者体脂百分数[WMD=-1.23（95%CI=-2.31，-0.15），I2=68%]及提高最大摄氧量（VO2max）[WMD=1.02（95%CI=0.14，1.90），I2=0%]的能力优于MICT；而HⅡT和MICT对体重、BMI（Body mass index）、瘦体重（LBM，Lean Body Mass）、腰围、臀围及腰臀比（Waist-to-Hip Ratio，WHR）的改变无显著差异。结论：平均10.5周（3次/周以上）的最大摄氧量（VO2max）为85％~95％的高强度间歇训练（HⅡT）处方治疗降低中国超重或肥胖患者体脂量的能力优于中强度持续训练（MICT），但对其他体测指标方面两种运动没有差异。 相似文献
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João Pedro Araújo Naves Ana Cristina Silva Rebelo Lucas Raphael Bento E Silva Maria Sebastiana Silva Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo Robinson Ramírez-Vélez 《European Journal of Sport Science》2019,19(5):653-660
High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) can be performed with different effort to rest time-configurations, and this can largely influence training responses. The purpose of the study was to compare the acute physiological responses of two HIIT and one moderate intensity continuous training (MICT) protocol in young men. A randomised cross-over study with 10 men [age, 28.3?±?5.5years; weight, 77.3?±?9.3?kg; height, 1.8?±?0.1?m; peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak), 44?±?11?mL.kg?1.min?1]. Participants performed a cardiorespiratory test on a treadmill to assess VO2peak, velocity associated with VO2peak (vVO2peak), peak heart rate (HRpeak) and perceived exertion (RPE). Then participants performed three protocols equated by distance: Short HIIT (29 bouts of 30s at vVO2peak, interspersed by 30s of passive recovery, 29?min in total), Long HIIT (3 bouts of 4?min at 90% of vVO2peak, interspersed by 3?min of recovery at 60% of vVO2peak, 21?min in total) and MICT (21?min at 70% of vVO2peak). The protocols were performed in a randomised order with ≥48 h between them. VO2, HRpeak and RPE were compared. VO2peak in Long HIIT was significantly higher than Short HIIT and MICT (43?±?11 vs 32?±?8 and 37?±?8?mL.kg?1.min?1, respectively, P?P?P?2, HR and RPE than Short HIIT and MICT, suggesting a higher demand on the cardiorespiratory system. Short HIIT and MICT presented similar physiologic and perceptual responses, despite Short HIIT being performed at higher velocities. 相似文献
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The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) utilizing a canoeing ergometer on endurance determinants, as well as aerobic and anaerobic performances among flat-water canoeists. Fourteen well-trained male flat-water canoeists were divided into an HIIT group or an MICT group. All subjects performed a continuous graded exercise test (GXT) and three fixed-distance (200, 500, and 1000?m) performance tests on a canoeing ergometer to determine canoeing economy, peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), and power at VO2peak, and to calculate the critical velocity (CV) and anaerobic work capacity before and after the training programmes. The training programme involved training on a canoeing ergometer three times per week for four weeks. HIIT consisted of seven 2 min canoeing bouts at an intensity of 90% VO2peak separated by 1 min of rest. The MICT group was trained at an intensity of 65% VO2peak continuously for 20 min. After four weeks of training, performance in the 200-m distance test and the power at VO2peak significantly improved in the HIIT group; performance in the 500?m and 1000?m distances and CV significantly improved in the MICT group. However, all variables were not significantly different between groups. It is concluded that HIIT for four weeks is an effective training strategy for improvement of short-distance canoeing performance. In contrast, MICT improves middle-distance canoeing performances and aerobic capacity. 相似文献
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Shengyan Sun Haifeng Zhang Qingde Shi Tomas K. Tong Jinlei Nie 《Journal of sports sciences》2019,37(11):1257-1264
This study compared the effects of 12-week sprint interval training (SIT), high-intensity interval training (HIIT), and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on cardiorespiratory fitness (V?O2peak), body mass and insulin sensitivity in overweight females. Forty-two overweight women (age 21.2 ± 1.4 years, BMI 26.3 ± 2.5 kg·m?2) were randomized to the groups of SIT (80 × 6-s sprints + 9-s rest), and isoenergetic (300KJ) HIIT (~9 × 4-min cycling at 90% V?O2peak + 3-min rest) and MICT (cycling at 60% V?O2peak for ~ 61-min). Training intervention was performed 3 d·week?1 for 12 weeks. After intervention, all three groups induced the same improvement in V?O2peak (~ +25%, p < 0.001) and a similar reduction in body mass (~ – 5%, p < 0.001). Insulin sensitivity and fasting insulin levels were improved significantly on post-training measures in SIT and HIIT by ~26% and ~39% (p < 0.01), respectively, but remain unchanged in MICT. In contrast, fasting glucose levels were only reduced with MICT (p < 0.01). The three training strategies are equally effective in improving V?O2peak and reducing body mass, however, the SIT is time-efficient. High-intensity training (i.e. SIT and HIIT) seems to be more beneficial than MICT in improving insulin sensitivity.
Abbreviations: BMI: body mass index; CVD: cardiovascular disease; HIEG: hyperinsulinaemic euglycaemic glucose; HIIT: high-intensity interval training; HOMA-IR: homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; HR: heart rate; MICT: moderate-intensity continuous training; RPE: ratings of perceived exertion; SIT: sprint interval training; T2D: type 2 diabetes; V?O2peak: peak oxygen consumption 相似文献
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Chantal A. Vella Katrina Taylor Devin Drummer 《European Journal of Sport Science》2017,17(9):1203-1211
Background: High-intensity interval training (HIIT) has been shown to improve cardiometabolic health during supervised lab-based studies but adherence, enjoyment, and health benefits of HIIT performed independently are yet to be understood. We compared adherence, enjoyment, and cardiometabolic outcomes after 8 weeks of HIIT or moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT), matched for energy expenditure, in overweight and obese young adults. Methods: 17 adults were randomized to HIIT or MICT. After completing 12 sessions of supervised training over 3 weeks, participants were asked to independently perform HIIT or MICT for 30 min, 4 times/week for 5 weeks. Cardiometabolic outcomes included cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2 peak), lipids, and inflammatory markers. Exercise enjoyment was measured by the validated Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale. Results: Exercise adherence (93.4?±?3.1% vs. 93.1?±?3.7%, respectively) and mean enjoyment across the intervention (100.1?±?4.3 vs. 100.3?±?4.4, respectively) were high, with no differences between HIIT and MICT (p?>?.05). Similarly, enjoyment levels did not change over time in either group (p?>?.05). After training, HIIT exhibited a greater decrease in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol than MICT (?0.66?mmol?L?1 vs. ?0.03?mmol?L?1, respectively) and a greater increase in VO2 peak than MICT (p?<?.05, +2.6?mL?kg?min?1 vs. +0.4?mL?kg?min?1, respectively). Interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein increased in HIIT (+0.5?pg?mL?1 and +?31.4?nmol?L?1, respectively) and decreased in MICT (?0.6?pg?mL?1 and ?6.7?nmol?L?1, respectively, p?<?.05). Conclusions: Our novel findings suggest that HIIT is enjoyable and has high unsupervised adherence rates in overweight and obese adults. However, HIIT may be associated with an increase in inflammation with short-term exercise in this population. 相似文献
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《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(8):1140-1149
AbstractExercise is recognized as a frontline therapy for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D) but the optimal type of exercise is not yet determined. We compared the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) with moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) for improvement of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM)-derived markers of glycaemic variability, and biomarkers of endothelial cell damage (CD31+ and CD62+ endothelial microparticles (EMPs)) within a population at elevated risk of developing T2D. Fifteen inactive overweight or obese women were randomized to 2 weeks (10-sessions) of progressive HIIT (n?=?8, 4–10X 1-min @ ～90% peak heart rate, 1-min rest periods) or MICT (n?=?7, 20–50?min of continuous activity at ～65% peak heart rate). Prior and three days post-training, fasting blood samples were collected. Both HIIT and MICT improved glycaemic variability as measured by CGM standard deviation (HIIT: 0.82?±?0.39 vs. 0.72?±?0.33?mmol/L; MICT: 0.82?±?0.19 vs. 0.62?±?0.16?mmol/L, pre vs. post) and mean amplitude of glycaemic excursions (MAGE; HIIT: 1.98?±?0.81 vs. 1.41?±?0.90; MICT; 1.98?±?0.43 vs. 1.65?±?0.48, pre vs. post) with no difference between groups. CD62+ EMPs were lower following HIIT (187.7?±?65 vs. 174.9?±?55, pre vs. post) and MICT (170?±?60 vs. 160.3?±?59, pre vs. post) with no difference between groups. There was no change in 24-h mean glucose or CD31+ EMPs. Two weeks of both HIIT or MICT similarly decreased glycaemic variability and CD62+ EMPs in overweight/obese women at elevated risk of T2D. 相似文献
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Eric Tsz-Chun Poon Jonathan Peter Little Cindy Hui-Ping Sit 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(17):1997-2004
ABSTRACT High-intensity interval training (HIIT) has been proposed as a time-efficient exercise protocol to improve metabolic health, but direct comparisons with higher-volume moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) under unsupervised settings are limited. This study compared low-volume HIIT and higher-volume MICT interventions on cardiometabolic and psychological responses in overweight/obese middle-aged men. Twenty-four participants (age: 48.1±5.2yr; BMI: 25.8±2.3kg·m?2) were randomly assigned to undertake either HIIT (10 X 1-min bouts of running at 80–90% HRmax separated by 1-min active recovery) or MICT (50-min continuous jogging/brisk walking at 65–70% HRmax) for 3 sessions/week for 8 weeks (2-week supervised + 6-week unsupervised training). Both groups showed similar cardiovascular fitness (VO2max) improvement (HIIT: 32.5±5.6 to 36.0±6.2; MICT: 34.3±6.0 to 38.2±5.1mL kg?1 min?1, p < 0.05) and %fat loss (HIIT: 24.5±3.4 to 23.2±3.5%; MICT: 23.0±4.3 to 21.5±4.1%, p< 0.05) over the 8-week intervention. Compared to baseline, MICT significantly decreased weight and waist circumference. No significant group differences were observed for blood pressure and cardiometabolic blood markers such as lipid profiles, fasting glucose and glycated haemoglobin. Both groups showed similar enjoyment levels and high unsupervised adherence rates (>90%). Our findings suggest that low-volume HIIT can elicit a similar improvement of cardiovascular fitness as traditional higher-volume MICT in overweight/obese middle-aged men. 相似文献
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目的:探索长期高强度间歇训练(HIIT)对中年大鼠比目鱼肌蛋白合成和蛋白降解的影响,为其在骨骼肌健康促进中的作用提供机制性的解释。方法:24只9月龄Wistar大鼠随机分为安静组(C)、中等强度持续训练组(M)和HIIT组(H),每组各8只。C组大鼠正常饮食生活,无运动训练;M组进行60%·VO2max强度的持续运动,共50 min;H组进行80%·VO2max和40%V·O2max的高低强度间歇运动,各3 min,重复6次,热身和恢复以60%V·O2max的强度进行,各7 min。运动组每周训练5次,共12周。运动干预结束后取比目鱼肌,称湿重,western blot检测比目鱼肌蛋白合成、泛素蛋白酶体关键组分和细胞自噬相关蛋白的表达,电镜观察自噬体结构。结果:相比C组:M和H组的比目鱼肌湿重均有所提高(P<0.05);H组mTORSer2448、P70 S6KThr389磷酸化水平提高(P<0.05),M组P70 S6KThr389磷酸化水平提高(P<0.05),两个运动组的AktSer473磷酸化表达均无显著变化(P>0.05);H组MAFbx蛋白含量有降低的趋势(P=0.052),自噬体生成增加,且LC3II和COXIV蛋白表达提高(P<0.01,P<0.05),M组LC3II蛋白表达提高(P<0.001),但运动组泛素化蛋白、MuRF-1、LC3II/LC3I、P62、ULK1Ser757磷酸化水平、Beclin-1、PGC-1α的蛋白表达均无变化(P>0.05)。结论:HIIT可促进中年大鼠比目鱼肌质量的提高,可能是蛋白合成提高,MAFbx蛋白表达降低及基础自噬水平激活共同作用的结果。 相似文献
18.
P. Á. Latorre-Román F. García Pinillos V. M. Soto-Hermoso 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(13):1247-1254
The main purpose of this study was to evaluate running kinematic characteristics and foot strike patterns (FSP) during early and late stages of actual and common high-intensity intermittent training (HIIT): 5 × 2000 m with 120-s recovery between runs. Thirteen healthy, elite, highly trained male endurance runners participated in this study. They each had a personal record in the half-marathon of 70 ± 2.24 min, and each had a minimum experience of 4 years of training and competition. Heart rate (HR) and rate of perceived exertion (RPE) were monitored during HIIT. High levels of exhaustion were reached by the athletes during HIIT (HRpeak: 174.30 bpm; RPE: 17.23). There was a significant increase of HRpeak and RPE during HIIT; nevertheless, time for each run remained unchanged. A within-protocol paired t-test (first vs. last run) revealed no significant changes (P ≥ 0.05) in kinematics variables and FSP variables during HIIT. There were no substantial changes on kinematics and FSP characteristics in endurance runners after fatigue induced by a HIIT. Only the minimum ankle alignment showed a significant change. The author suggests that these results might be due to both the high athletic level of participants and their experience in HIIT. 相似文献