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美国图书情报学院远程教育的研究对我国图书情报学院发展远程教育具有借鉴作用，所以本文详尽分析了美国图书情报学院现代远程高等教育的发展现状，现代远程教育的发展战略、定位、办学模式、发展趋势。 相似文献
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We investigate whether having an advisor of the same gender is correlated with the productivity of PhD science students and their propensity to stay in academic science. Our analysis is based an original dataset – combined from dissertation abstracts, faculty directories and bibliometric data – covering nearly 20,000 PhD graduates and their advisors from U.S. chemistry departments. We find that students working with advisors of the same gender tend to be more productive during the PhD; and that female students working with female advisors are considerably more likely to become faculty themselves. We suggest that the under-representation of women in science and engineering faculty positions may perpetuate itself through the lower availability of same-gender advisors for female students. 相似文献
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A. Hindle 《Information processing & management》1979,15(1):17-18
Markov models of declining usage of library books have been described by Morse and by Chen in the context of academic science libraries in the U.S.A. Additional data is presented concerning academic library and public library material in the U.K. An example of the use of Markov models in library planning is reported. 相似文献
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Startups by recent university graduates and their faculty: Implications for university entrepreneurship policy 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Earlier research on the role of universities in fostering entrepreneurial economic development almost exclusively covers spin-offs by faculty and staff. In contrast, we provide general evidence from the U.S. showing that the gross flow of start-ups by recently graduated students with an undergraduate degree in science or engineering is at least an order of magnitude larger than the spin-offs by their faculty, that a recent graduate is twice as likely as her Professor to start a business within three years of graduation, and that the graduates’ spin-offs are not of low quality. Three case studies illustrate how universities may stimulate science and engineering students and recent graduates to create new firms of high quality. We conclude that transforming university goals and practices toward increasing start-ups led by faculty might not be the most effective way for universities to stimulate entrepreneurial economic development. 相似文献
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This study empirically investigates the impact of foreign country factors like market size, technological strength of industries, and science and engineering (S&E) capability on the conduct of U.S. overseas R&D during the 1991-2002 period. We find that overseas markets primarily predict the entry of U.S. R&D, while the S&E capability of nations is strongly correlated with the post-entry intensity of U.S. foreign subsidiaries’ innovative activity. We also find important inter-industry differences: U.S. electrical, electronics, computer, and telecommunication industries are strongly drawn towards overseas S&E capacity; industries including Machinery, Automobiles, and Transport equipment are primarily attracted by the technological strength of foreign industry; U.S. R&D in Chemicals mostly follows overseas markets. We discuss the implications of our results to the global organization of innovative activity and innovation policy. 相似文献
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十年积淀,大浪淘沙.从图书情报视角来看,Web2.0十年间经过怎样的发展和演进?为我国图书情报领域留下了什么?对图书情报学科的发展产生了哪些影响?文章采用因子分析、聚类分析及多维尺度分析等多元统计分析方法[1-2],挖掘了国内图书情报学视角下Web2.0研究现状,并以高频关键词的共词矩阵为基础,初步绘制了十年来Web2.0研究热点演进趋势的知识图谱,得出其主要研究领域是图书馆领域、信息服务领域、信息交流与社会网络、知识管理和用户行为等. 相似文献
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基于批量处理构建查收查引报告工作流程 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
[目的/意义]针对近年来图书馆查收查引报告需求逐年增加,自动化检索系统容易出现数据质量问题,传统手工操作费时费力的现状,提出了一个新的查收查引报告工作流程,以便图书馆更好地开展查收查引服务,提高服务效率和质量。[方法/过程]将生产运营管理学中的顺序移动法引入查收查引工作中,结合批量处理策略,重新构建查收查引报告工作流程。[结果/结论]该流程综合利用图书馆现有软件资源——Word、Excel和文献管理软件,发挥各软件之长,实现批量检索、批量编辑字段、快速插入引证文献。这大大减少了检索人员的重复性劳动,保障数据的准确性,为查收查引服务的研究与实践提供有益参考。 相似文献
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Public bioethics and publics: consensus, boundaries, and participation in biomedical science policy.
Susan E Kelly 《Science, technology & human values》2003,28(2):339-364
Public bioethics bodies are used internationally as institutions with the declared aims of facilitating societal debate and providing policy advice in certain areas of scientific inquiry raising questions of values and legitimate science. In the United States, bioethical experts in these institutions use the language of consensus building to justify and define the outcome of the enterprise. However, the implications of public bioethics at science-policy boundaries are underexamined. Political interest in such bodies continues while their influence on societal consensus, public debate, and science policy remains ambiguous. This article presents a theoretical discussion of public bioethics bodies as boundary organizations and examines them in terms of relationship to the moral and cognitive authority of science and other forms of expertise, mechanisms for public participation in controversial science policy, and the deployment of consensus models. The theoretical discussion is examined in the case of the U.S. Human Embryo Research Panel. 相似文献
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采用文献计量学方法,结合信息可视化技术,对我国数字图书馆研究的文献增长规律、作者、机构、学科分布和期刊进行了分析。并采用关键词共现分析方法,对主题特征进行了分析。结果表明,我国数字图书馆研究成果自2002年开始增长迅速,2007年以后应用性研究成为我国数字图书馆研究的主流。近十年,已形成了稳定的核心作者、机构和有影响力的期刊,图情学、计算机科学是我国数字图书馆研究论文主要涉及的学科。从主题上看,沿着技术、服务和资源建设3条线索的融合发展是我国数字图书馆研究的主要特征。 相似文献
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图书馆学作为应用性较强的一门学科,长期以来,其研究的热点问题主要集中在图书馆新技术的应用方面,同时热点也向着创新性迈进。文章主要对2002--2012期间图书馆学的研究文献进行剖析解读,从图书馆学基础理论、图书馆信息服务、数字图书馆、云计算技术等方面综述了近十年来我国图书馆学理论研究进展的概况,进而对研究中的热点、成果及主要学者进行介绍。 相似文献
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How does the nature of firms’ alliance portfolio in terms of exploration versus exploitation affect performance? Building on prior research grounded in the resource-based view and the relational perspective, we expand firms’ boundary to include their inter-firm relationships and their immediate environment, and develop an extended resource-based framework centering on the concept of fit. Specifically, we propose that whether the exploration versus exploitation orientation of an alliance portfolio may benefit firm performance depends on how such an orientation fits the firm's internal organizational characteristics, strategic orientations, and the industry environment. Data from five U.S. industries over eight years largely support our thesis. Overall, our study calls for a holistic approach to consider the importance of organizational, strategic, and environmental fit in understanding the performance implications of alliance-formation choices. 相似文献
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An investigation of the relationship between National Institutes of Health (NIH) funding and the quantity and nature of biomedical publications is reported for 120 U.S. medical school complexes. A correlation of 0.95 was found between the amount of NIH funds received and the number of biomedical publications from the medical schools. Medical school ranks based on bibliometric measures were found to correlate at the 0.80-0.90 level with ranks based on peer assessments of the schools. The characteristics of the medical school papers varied with the type of school. The average citation influence per paper increased with the publication size of the schools. This was true even when factors such as public versus private control, geographic region, average research level (from basic to clinical), and subject emphasis were controlled. The positive relationship between number of papers from a school and its citation influence holds within individual research levels and within subfields. 相似文献
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近十年中国知识产权研究的知识图谱分析——基于CSSCI数据库 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过中文社会科学引文索引(CSSCI)数据库检索中国2008—2017年知识产权研究文献数据,运用文献计量和可视化分析方法,借助可视化分析工具CiteSpace绘制科学知识图谱,研究发文趋势、机构及作者合作网络、关键词共现,进而得出中国近十年知识产权研究文献的时间和学科分布、重要传播载体、具有影响力的研究机构和学者等特征。研究表明,中国近十年知识产权研究热点包括知识产权保护、著作权与著作权法、图书馆知识产权问题、知识产权与创新研究等;趋弱性的前沿主题有国家知识产权战略和图书馆知识产权,趋强性研究前沿有知识产权与创新、知识产权质押融资与知识产权法院。 相似文献
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《情报学报》引文分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文以《图书情报工作》等10种我国图书馆学情报学核心期刊为样本，对《情报学报》载文被这10种期刊近3年(2000年-2002年)引用情况进行一次统计分析。 相似文献
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我国图书馆学核心期刊引证法实证测度评价 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
引证法是文献计量学中重要的方法,图书馆学核心期刊是研究图书馆学重要的对象,对图书馆学核心期刊进行引证分析,是研究图书馆学和评价图书馆核心期刊的一个重要测度方法。本文统计出近5年11种图书馆学核心期刊引文数据,对核心期刊被引文量、平均引文率、核心期刊引用比例、自被引、影响因子、即年指标进行实证测度评价,探讨各项测度指标所揭示的期刊引文数量特征和内在规律。通过对核心期刊各项指标以及综合排名,了解它们排名情况,分析我国图书馆学核心期刊的发展现状。 相似文献
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美国大学竞争情报教育类课程实例研究 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
在当今愈演愈烈的国际竞争环境中,以信息为焦点的竞争情报工作备受重视。竞争情报教育问题日益显出其重要性与紧迫性。事实上,国外一些商学院和图书情报学院都已逐步开设了竞争情报的相关课程。本文选取了图书情报学院和商学院排名前15的美国大学,通过因特网搜集他们竞争情报教育类课程设置情况的相关资料,并进行归纳、整理、分析与比较,旨在为我国院校竞争情报教育的合理开展提供一点启迪与借鉴。 相似文献
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大豆是一种重要的农产品资源,压榨行业是大豆产业链上的重要环节,它的原料来自大豆种植业,生产的豆粕主要用作饲料业和畜牧业的蛋白原料。自1996年以来,中国大豆进口量不断增加,是全球最大的大豆压榨国,大豆压榨企业布局发生了重大变化。美国和巴西是世界上最大的大豆生产国,也是主要的大豆压榨国,对比分析美国、巴西及中国大豆压榨企业布局特征,对指导中国未来大豆压榨企业投资布局具有重要意义。本文根据项目组20多年持续收集的相关资料,以及美国农业部、巴西植物油加工协会的资料,对比美国、巴西和中国的大豆供求基本特点、大豆生产布局、畜牧业和饲料业分布、大豆压榨企业和产能布局特点发现,美国、巴西的大豆压榨企业主要集中在大豆主产区,并与其国内豆粕市场空间高度重合,呈现“大集聚、小分散”的布局形态;而中国大豆压榨企业布局和大豆制品销区在空间上不完全重合,逐渐形成了以沿海港口城市为压榨核心,以长江、哈大铁路等交通运输线路扩散的带状布局形态。区域畜牧业、饲料业发展决定着豆粕市场需求空间,但是大豆原料供给与豆粕需求在空间上往往存在差异,除了不同国家和区域的产业政策外,大豆原料及豆粕的运费成本、豆粕的市场潜力、区域内大豆压榨产能规模及企业间分工协作所产生的集聚效应是造成大豆压榨企业空间布局形态存在巨大差异的主要原因。 相似文献