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1.
This paper explores gender dynamics in sport governance with reference to boards of National Sport Organisations (NSOs) in Australia. It is based on a recent study, underpinned by governance and gender theory. Central is the notion of a gender regime, which is characterised by four interwoven dimensions: production, power, emotional and symbolic relations. When applied to governance dynamics in sport boards, this concept permits identification of how gender works. The study involved an audit of 56 NSOs and in-depth interviews with board directors and chief executive officers (n = 26; 9 women and 17 men) from five NSOs. This paper reports on the results of three NSOs. The data suggest that directors’ participation in sport governance was not uniform in terms of gender dynamics. Three gender regimes were identified: masculine hegemony, masculine hegemony in transition and gender mainstreaming in process. Only the latter provided significant opportunities for gender equality in governance while the former two imposed significant constraints. Central to the regime associated with gender equal governance was a combination of presence of women on the board, the occupation of influential board roles by women, active support of women directors by influential men on the board and a commitment to equality in governance as equal participation by both men and women. 相似文献
2.
论当代社会体育参与中的性别平等与差异 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
潘丽霞 《山东体育学院学报》2007,23(5):25-28
通过对社会体育参与中性别平等、性别差异及其产生缘由的分析，认为妇女群体社会体育参与的弱势是显性存在的，而当代体育管理体制的改革、两性拥有教育、经济资源的差异状况及传统性别文化是促使社会体育参与中性别差异产生与存在的主要社会因素，因此当代社会体育参与中的性别差异并不是真正意义上的完全以个性和生理差异为基础的性别差异，而是一种隐性的性别不平等。 相似文献
3.
高校健美操选项课中普遍存在弱势男生现象。在性别平等的视角下探讨这一现象,发现高校健美操选项课弱势男生现象成因主要有：身体的先天性不同;性别刻板印象的作祟;教学评价的倾向性等原因。提出改善健美操教学男生弱势现象的策略：因性施教;建立科学的立体化的评价体系;不断改革创新教学内容和教学方法;改变男女健美操教师的比例等策略。 相似文献
4.
Daniel Alsarve 《Sport, Education and Society》2018,23(9):840-852
Sport is often described as a field containing competitive and hierarchy shaping activities. However, in Sweden and elsewhere, this field is also permeated by democratic principles where, for example, everybody has the right to participate in children’s and youth sports regardless of gender, ethnicity or physical ability. In Sweden, there are distinct objectives for gender equality, where women/girls and men/boys should ideally be treated and recognised equally. The aim of this paper is twofold: to examine how gender is enacted in the textbooks used in Swedish sports coaching and educational programmes and to identify whether any of the enactments reflect a hegemonic masculinity. The textbooks used in two of the most extensive courses arranged by the Swedish Sports Confederation, ‘The Platform’ [Plattformen] and ‘Basic Coach Education’ [Grundtränarutbildning] are in focus. The theoretical framework and methodological approach are inspired by research on sport, gender and the hegemonic masculinity thesis. In the process of analysis, the hegemonic perspective is central. During the analysis, four themes are identified as expressions of a hegemonic masculinity and, thus, as obstacles to gender equality. Firstly, the binary sex norm poses a real challenge for the implementation of gender equality because it helps to shape a hierarchy that privileges men and masculinities. Secondly and thirdly, the themes ‘puberty’ and ‘the coach’ appear to be important, in that they support and contest a gendered hierarchy. Finally, there are examples of men, like sport coaches, appearing as genderless, which is interpreted as a hegemonic acceptance of the category of men (as universal and genderless subjects). By critically illuminating these themes, the paper adds to the wider research field of sport, coaching and education programmes and the complexity of gender mainstreaming in sport. 相似文献
5.
试论奥林匹克运动对21世纪中国体育思想的影响 总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16
本文采用文献资料法，通过对现代奥林匹克运动在中国发展现状的研究发现，21世纪奥林匹克运动对中国的体育思想会产生更大影响，主要表现在：奥林匹克主义强调的平等观念；奥林匹克运动的宗旨与现实冲突对中国体育价值观的影响；中国对现代奥林匹克运动的参与心态；奥林匹克运动对中国体育运动协调发展和良性运行意识的影响；奥林匹克运动对中国奥林匹克运动教育价值观念的影响等，这些影响将对中国体育与国际体育接轨和两个战略的顺利实施产生深远影响。 相似文献
6.
女性体育与奥林匹克运动参与的历史进程 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
曹继红 《沈阳体育学院学报》2006,25(1):4-7
运用文献资料和理论分析法,对奥林匹克运动和女性参与的历程进行了探讨。认为妇女解放运动影响了女性对运动的参与,并促进了奥林匹克运动呈现出性别平等化的发展趋势:参赛人数上的性别平等化、参赛项目上的性别平等化、管理层次上的性别平等化,最终导致奥林匹克运动发生了由传统的男性统治合法化的意识形态向现代文明的性别角色平等化的演变。 相似文献
7.
Lilamani de Soysa 《Sport in Society》2019,22(11):1783-1800
AbstractThe history, milestones and (sluggish) progress towards gender equality within the interconnected movements of sport, international development and human rights are reflective of the broader feminist struggle. In this paper, we shall explore how key stakeholders, such as the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), the (former) United Nations Office on Sport for Development and Peace (UNOSDP), the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and the International Working Group (IWG) on Women and Sport together with other women and sport organisations have been working to promote gender equality within and beyond sport. Despite decades of parallel or synchronized effort, critics contend that progress is slow and uneven, leaving generations of girls and women marginalized. In this article, we explain the progression towards a renewed initiative to create a UNESCO Global Observatory for Women, Sport, Physical Education and Physical Activity and discuss how the observatory should serve as a nexus of these collective movements by bringing advocacy, research and action together in one platform. 相似文献
8.
采用文献资料、归纳分析等研究方法,简要回顾女性参与竞技体育活动的历程,分析女性参与夏季奥林匹克运动的现状及存在的问题,主要表现在:女性参与人数不断增加;夏季奥运会女子项目设置更加均衡;运动成绩的性别差距逐步缩小;女性逐步进入国际体育组织的管理层;国际相关组织的支持力度加大;打破传统宗教对女性的束缚。在体育领域实现男女平等的进程中也存在隐忧,并结合现代体育发展的趋势,针对当前存在的问题提出具有针对性的建议。 相似文献
9.
奥林匹克运动与女性主义 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
江英俊 《西安体育学院学报》2006,23(5):32-34,57
奥林匹克与女性主义既是两个相对独立的社会领域,又在一定的基点上有所碰撞与契合。社会性别概念、生态女性主义、后现代女性主义等女性主义思想对奥林匹克运动观念从多方面产生影响;另一方面,奥林匹克对其他社会领域女性权利的提升也产生了不可忽视的影响。 相似文献
10.
经济发展的潜力日益突出地体现在平等发展机会的创造,研究结合21世纪经济发展规律,从创造经济发展和个人发展的机遇方面看经济政策的平等化趋势,以及这种基于公平机会创造的经济背景对我国后奥运经济政策制定的影响。 相似文献
11.
一个时期以来,男性青少年阴柔化成为一种社会现象,引起了公众、媒体和政府的普遍关注。体育学界应对这一关乎体育的议题给予理论回应,研究提出培养青少年阳刚之气的体育对策和实施途径。采用文献资料和逻辑分析方法,对《体育是防止‘男性青少年女性化’的良方？》一文的几个观点提出商榷;探讨了"阳刚之气"的传统文化内涵和现代社会意义;分析了体育何以能够培养青少年"阳刚之气"的缘由和具体培养途径。研究认为：体育所追求的性别平等应是一种基于性别差异的在权利、人格、机会上的平等。当代社会性别气质已趋于多元化,但当青少年群体出现过于"柔弱化"和男性青少年群体出现过于"阴柔化"现象时,就需要给予特别重视并采取相应措施。青少年"柔弱化"的重要特征之一是体质的弱化,而体育的本质功能就是"以健化人",体育既是增强体质的重要手段,也是培养刚毅、坚强、果敢、担当等阳刚气质的良好途径。在国际竞争不断加剧的当下,培养提升青少年的"阳刚之气"具有重要意义。 相似文献
12.
体育游戏在幼儿素质教育中的作用 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
分析了当前幼儿教育中存在着“重智轻体”的错误倾向。论述了体育游戏在幼儿素质教育中的重要地位，并据此提出了在幼儿体育游戏中实施素质教育的对策。 相似文献
13.
古代中西方竞技体育中的政治理念 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过文献研读,并运用归纳、演绎、对比、逻辑分析等方法,主要使用罗尔斯《正义论》中的概念,透视古希腊的奥林匹克竞技体育与古代中国传统体育现象。在古代,体育与政治并非如今日一般隶属截然不同的领域,人们可以从它们根源的紧密连接上,分析中西方政治理念的核心差异,前者体现的是一种机会平等和近似的纯粹程序正义,后者则代表一种自然贵族制。尽管西方的平等理念日益成为社会的普遍共识,但现代社会的平等亦非终结,体育还提示人们可以有所超越。 相似文献
14.
试论体育竞赛的对等与公正性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《体育法》明确规定,体育竞赛实行公平竞争的原则。本文从体育竞赛规则与社会法的内在一致性的历史概述和语义学的角度分析了对等原则与竞赛的公正性。提出体育竞赛提升了社会文化的精神境界,也就是说,公平竞争是一种社会普通的价值观念,崇拜比赛是尊重社会法的思想准备。 相似文献
15.
Fiona Dowling 《Sport, Education and Society》2013,18(3):247-266
This paper attempts to illustrate how embodied ways of knowing may enhance our theoretical understanding within the field of physical education teacher education (PETE). It seeks to illustrate how teacher educators’ viewpoints and understanding of gender relations are inevitably linked to socially constructed webs of emotions, as much as to intellectual rationales. Indeed, the paper argues for the need for PETE research to transcend the dualistic divide of reason/emotion. It builds upon interview data from an investigation interested in illuminating the ways in which teacher educators develop their professional identities, using the lenses of gender equal opportunities and equity to examine the degree to which identities reflect ‘managerial’ or ‘democratic’ professional projects. In particular it analyses the way in which ‘gender talk’ seems to evoke strong emotional reactions, often ‘negative’ feelings, while at the same time, gender equity concerns remain on the periphery of the discipline, despite increasing research evidence which reveals damaging discriminatory learning environments. By using Hargreaves (2000) concept of ‘emotional geographies’ the paper contends that ‘negative emotions’ about gender issues are currently hegemonic on account of today's configurations of human relations in PETE, because the discipline's feeling rules construct ‘negative feelings’ as being reasonable. Acknowledging that professional identities are on-going projects, and that feeling rules can be re-configured, the paper also seeks to illustrate how competing emotions may in the future lead to gender equality assuming a new role in PETE's ‘regimes of truths’. 相似文献
16.
余中华 《体育科技文献通报》2009,17(7):50-51,53
课堂公平是教育公平的重要内容。本文通过对高校大学体育教学中的公平问题的分析，认为：当前大学体育教学中在教育资源配置和经费投放、教学内容、项目设置、师生关系互动及成绩评价方面存在公平缺失现象，并探析了其原因，由此提出建构公平课堂的建议：要转变传统的体育课堂教学观念、合理配置体育教学资源、建立科学的学习评价体系。 相似文献
17.
Berit Skirstad 《Sport Management Review》2009,12(4):202-216
The purpose of this article is to draw upon Pettigrew's contextualist approach to organizational change to examine the implications of gender policy on the imbalance between female and male board members in sport organizations. The paper is based on a case study of the General Assembly (GA) of Sports in Norway over more than three decades. The central focus is on the evolution of gender equality as expressed in changes in the relevant statutes of the sport organization, the preparatory work for the changes, the environment in which the changes have occurred, and the process itself with its critical incidents and the behaviour of key actors. The period of study is divided into three according to which approach was mainly used for promoting equality: equal rights (1971–1984), positive action (1984–1994), and gender mainstreaming (1994–2007). The study facilitates an understanding of how change has been achieved. Evolutionary or incremental change has impacted organized sport resulting in a more equal gender balance, with the proportion of women delegates increasing from 8% to 39% in the General Assembly of Sports. Despite this considerable development, a proposal for a 40% quota of women in all sport organizations was turned down by the Executive Board and not put before the General Assembly in 2007. It is suggested that Pettigrew's contextualistic approach helps in seeing the processes of change more clearly, and who are the key-persons and incidents involved in the process. 相似文献
18.
着眼于现代市场经济下社会公平的核心要义、社会和谐与经济协调,基于战略角度提出我国都市公共体育服务均等化,探索都市公共体育服务均等化的提供模式,从历史、现实、国际等视角全方位地把握我国现阶段都市的公共体育服务及其均等化,并在此基础上制定相应的对策.研究表明,都市居民的消费观念强,消费需求、消费内容、消费方式多样化,呈现出享受型、发展型和服务型消费趋势.公众对公共服务的强烈需求与政府公共服务供给不足之间的矛盾依然是制约都市经济、社会全面发展的因素. 相似文献
19.
从性别差异、社会性别认同的角度阐释奥林匹克竞赛项目的变化。从项群理论对运动项目的分类来看,女性更适合参与表现唯美、精准的项目。结果表明::在尊重性别差异、结合运动项目特点、在性别生理、心理差异的基础之上、在奥林匹克文化与民族文化的统一与分野的基础之上、才能实现最有内涵的男女平等。 相似文献
20.
“人文奥运”是以“以人为本”的人文主义理念为基础,其内涵是追求科学精神、自由尊严、道义良知的人道精神,公正平等、民主法制的理性精神。然而当代奥运会表现出种种“奥运异化”现象背离了奥林匹克精神和宗旨,其根源是对商业价值过度追逐。当代奥运会须采取某些积极的策略,以实现人文奥运和奥运商业化运作的协调发展。 相似文献