共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
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John E. Leide Andrew Large Jamshid Beheshti Martin Brooks Charles Cole 《Information processing & management》2003,39(6):923-940
In this article and two other articles which conceptualize a future stage of the research program (Leide, Cole, Large, & Beheshti, submitted for publication; Cole, Leide, Large, Beheshti, & Brooks, in preparation), we map-out a domain novice user’s encounter with an IR system from beginning to end so that appropriate classification-based visualization schemes can be inserted into the encounter process. This article describes the visualization of a navigation classification scheme only. The navigation classification scheme uses the metaphor of a ship and ship’s navigator traveling through charted (but unknown to the user) waters, guided by a series of lighthouses. The lighthouses contain mediation interfaces linking the user to the information store through agents created for each. The user’s agent is the cognitive model the user has of the information space, which the system encourages to evolve via interaction with the system’s agent. The system’s agent is an evolving classification scheme created by professional indexers to represent the structure of the information store. We propose a more systematic, multidimensional approach to creating evolving classification/indexing schemes, based on where the user is and what she is trying to do at that moment during the search session. 相似文献
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Ferdinand F. Leimkuhler 《Information processing & management》1977,13(2):79-93
Mathematical models are developed for describing and optimizing the way libraries organize information sources. By ordering the sources in a more relevant manner, the users' search and retrieval costs are reduced, which leads to an increase in the value and amount of information processed. The cost of organizing collections so as to minimize user effort is dependent on the scatter of relevant sources in the literature and the specification of core classes. 相似文献
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In this paper, we derive discrete versions of Green's identities (which appear in the study of potential field theory) as direct consequences of applying Tellegen's Theorem to the Graph—Theoretic Field Model (GTFM) of a field. The procedure herein is in marked contrast to the existing procedures where Green's Identities are derived from the Divergence Theorem by using some strictly mathematical operations. In particular, Green's third identity, which is the starting point formulation for the Boundary Integral Method, is singled out for special attention in terms of its discrete counterpart in the Graph—Theoretic Field Model. The first discrete identity is used to establish certain properties of solutions for the GTFM and a limiting process is applied to the three discrete identities to derive the traditional vector-calculus forms of Green's identities. 相似文献
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Peretz Shoval 《Information processing & management》1985,21(6):475-487
An expert system was developed in the area of information retrieval, with the objective of performing the job of an information specialist, who assists users in selecting the right vocabulary terms for a database search.The system is composed of two components: One is the knowledge base, represented as a semantic network, in which the nodes are words, concepts, phrases, comprising a vocabulary of the application area and the links express semantic relationships between those nodes. The second component is the rules, or procedures, which operate upon the knowledge-base, analogous to the decision rules or work patterns of the information specialist.Two major stages comprise the consulting process of the system: During the “search” stage relevant knowledge in the semantic network is activated, and search and evaluation rules are applied in order to find appropriate vocabulary terms to represent the user's problem. During the “suggest” stage those terms are further evaluated, dynamically rank-ordered according to relevancy, and suggested to the user. Explanations to the findings can be provided by the system and backtracking is possible in order to find alternatives in case some suggested term is rejected by the user.This article presents the principle, procedures and rules which are utilized in the expert system. 相似文献
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Ovad Mansur 《Information processing & management》1980,16(3):139-153
Identifying and representing the content of a document was, and still is, one of the main concerns of information retrieval systems. Representation of content is not dependent of the search strategy and other elements of information retrieval systems (IRS) but rather has some relationship with them.In the conventional IRS, each document in the file is characterized by one or more index terms which supposedly describe its content. Those terms are assigned from the natural language or from a pre-prepared list (Thesaurus). Over the years, other means of representing content were suggested. Also, attempts were made to combine several of them assuming independence.This paper discusses the attributes of the items in the data-base and their qualities. It seems that there is no single one which has all the desired qualities.If the attributes are not totally independent neither highly correlated then combining them in a certain way may increase effectiveness. The justification for this comes from the users' information seeking behavior—users are using index terms, author's names, citations, and other attributes in their searches.A model to accomodate the above hypothesis is formulated and the small experiment performed indicates that the hypothesis may be true, and this way of combining might improve effectiveness. 相似文献
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Mauro Guazzo 《Information processing & management》1977,13(3):155-165
This paper challenges the meaningfulness of precision and recall values as a measure of performance of a retrieval system. Instead, it advocates the use of a normalised form of Shannon's functions (entropy and mutual information). Shannon's four axioms are replaced by an equivalent set of five axioms which are more readily shown to be pertinent to document retrieval.The applicability of these axioms and the conceptual and operational advantages of Shannon's functions are the central points of the work.The applicability of the results to any automatic classification is also outlined. 相似文献
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One difficult problem in information retrieval (IR) is the proper interpretation of user queries. It is extremely hard for users to express their information needs in a specific yet exhaustive way. In an effort to alleviate this problem, two theoretical models have been proposed to utilize user characteristics maintained in the form of a user profile. Although the idea of integrating user profiles into an IR system is intuitively appealing, and the models seem viable, no research to date has established a foundation for the roles of user profiles in such a system. Aiming at the investigation of the roles of user profiles, therefore, this study first identifies and extends various query/profile interaction models to provide a ground upon which the investigation can be undertaken. From a continuum of models characterized on the basis of interaction types, metrics, and parameters, nearly 400 models are chosen to investigate the “model space.” New measures are developed based on the notion of user satisfaction/frustration. In addition, three different criteria are used to guide users in making judgments on the quality of retrieved items. Analysis of the data obtained from the experiments shows that, for a wide variety of criteria and metrics, there are always some query/profile interaction models that outperform the query alone model. In addition, preferable characteristics for different criteria are identified in terms of interaction types, parameters, and metrics. 相似文献
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Maurice C. Lundu 《Information processing & management》1985,21(5):443-457
The study attempts to apply J.R. Bettman's consumer choice theory to the concept of information processing, evaluation and utilization within the present and future Zambian context. Central to this is the belief that information is a marketable commodity and is one that is critically essential in all activities relating to research and development (R & D) in Zambia. However, the author argues that unless there are discernible changes in the traditional attitudes and cultural values among Zambians, information processed and organized by academic libraries in Zambia will never be fully utilized even in research and development activities. 相似文献
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网络信息资源分类体系的优化研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
从分类角度检索网络信息资源是人们检索时常用的方法，不同的网络分类体系在类目体系和资源选择上都有自己的特点。本文分析了网络分类体系优化的基本原理和设计原则；提出了网络信息资源分类体系的基本设计思路反结构优化的纲领原则和措施。 相似文献
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用户模型是数字图书馆个性化系统中的关键技术,传统的用户模型没有考虑词与词之间的内在联系,本文提出了一种基于本体的用户模型,该模型基于建立的兴趣分类本体,借鉴了检索领域常使用的激活模型来完成用户模型的更新,并在用户模型的基础上,设计了个性化服务推荐流程。 相似文献
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针对传统信息检索方法的缺点提出了基于语义目录的个性化检索模型,说明了其原理、工作流程及关键技术。与传统的信息检索方法相比,该模型不仅在查准率和查全率方面都有所提高,还能根据用户需要完成个性化的信息检索。 相似文献
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Both structured and unstructured data, as well as structured data representing several different types of tuples, may be integrated into a single list for browsing or retrieval. Data may be arranged in the Gray code order of the features and metadata, producing optimal ordering for browsing. We provide several metrics for evaluating the performance of systems supporting browsing, given some constraints. Metadata and indexing terms are used for sorting keys and attributes for structured data, as well as for semi-structured or unstructured documents, images, media, etc. Economic and information theoretic models are suggested that enable the ordering to adapt to user preferences. Different relational structures and unstructured data may be integrated into a single, optimal ordering for browsing or for displaying tables in digital libraries, database management systems, or information retrieval systems. Adaptive displays of data are discussed. 相似文献
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试论网络信息的有序组织 总被引：12，自引：2，他引：10
本文阐述了信息组织的基本原理,分析了传统信息组织的几种方法,并在此基础上结合网络信息资源的特点,论述了互联网络中信息资源组织方法的发展,介绍了超文本系统管理中的分类法和WWW的信息组织方法. 相似文献
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In a typical inverted-file full-text document retrieval system, the user submits queries consisting of strings of characters combined by various operators. The strings are looked up in a text-dictionary which lists, for each string, all the places in the database at which it occurs. It is desirable to allow the user to include in his query truncated terms such as X1, 1X, 1X1, or X1Y, where X and X are specified strings and 1 is a variable-length-don't-care character, that is, 1 represents an arbitrary, possibly empty, string. Processing these terms involves finding the set of all words in the dictionary that match these patterns. How to do this efficiently is a long-standing open problem in this domain.In this paper we present a uniform and efficient approach for processing all such query terms. The approach, based on a “permuted dictionary” and a corresponding set of access routines, requires essentially one disk access to obtain from the dictionary all the strings represented by a truncated term, with negligible computing time. It is thus well suited for on-line applications. Implementation is simple, and storage overhead is low: it can be made almost negligible by using some specially adapted compression techniques described in the paper.The basic approach is easily adaptable for slight variants, such as fixed (or bounded) length don't-care characters, or more complex pattern matching templates. 相似文献
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用户当前正在浏览的网页内容有助于说明用户的即时信息需求.在现有相关研究的基础上提出了一种基于上下文的Web即时信息检索方法,该方法允许用户从正在浏览的网页中选择一段文本作为原始检索条件,由检索系统从其上下文中提取一级扩展词和二级扩展词来形成新的检索条件进行检索,并将检索结果按相似度从大到小的顺序呈现给用户. 相似文献
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面向多层用户的农业信息资源分类初步研究 总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14
在分析现有农业信息资源分类的基础上，提出了面向不同用户需求和网络农业信息资源管理的农业信息资源分类方案：在农业行业分类的基础上，依据农业信息内容的属性特征，分为农业空间信息、农业科技信息信息、农村社会经济信息、农业相关机构信息、农业自然资源信息、农业生产资料信息和农产品市场信息等7类; 各类信息依据用户对信息需求的差异，分别分为基本信息和全集信息，并初步建立了农业信息资源分类的编码体系。它有益于促进我国农业的信息化和现代化，对农业科学研究也具有重要意义。 相似文献
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基于社会标签的推荐系统研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
社会标签是一种新颖的大众索引方法,在Web 2.0时代各种收藏、检索、共享网站中得到广泛的应用,个性化推荐系统是基于用户的偏好为用户提供个性化信息服务的重要技术。本文针对推荐技术如何与社会标签结合的问题,分析了最新的研究现状和应用。详细阐述了3个方面的研究进展:标签推荐系统的研究、基于社会标签的个性化推荐系统的研究、社会标签的推荐应用系统。 相似文献