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《Cataloging & classification quarterly》2013,51(4):57-79
This study compares the results of subject searching in two online catalog systems, one system with authority control, the other without. Transaction logs from Library A (no authority control) were analyzed to identify searching patterns of users; 885 searches were attempted, 351 (39.7%) by subject. One hundred forty- two (40.6%) of these subject searches were unsuccessful. Identical searches were performed in a comparable library that had authority control, Library B. Terms identified in "see" references at Library B were searched in Library A. One hundred five (73.9%) of the searches that appeared to fail would have retrieved at least one, and usually many, records if a link had been provided between the term chosen by the user and the term used by the system. 相似文献
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《Cataloging & classification quarterly》2013,51(1):99-119
Increasing amounts of time and expense required to provide authority control for OPACS has stimulated interest in the automated generation of name authority records. At the same time, national cooperative cataloging programs such as NACO are seeking participants on a wider scale. A better understanding of the nature of authority records, the possibilities and limitations of the machine creation, and the resources needed for institutions to participate in national programs is needed to assist decision making in these areas. THe 670 field is used to justify the form and content of established headings and their cross references. The 670 fields from national level name authority records pertaining to the subject area of the Catholic Church were examined. Information was sought on the number of 670s per record, on the types of work cited, and on the works themselves. Findings indicate that considerable difference exist among the categories of authority records, with some (modern personal names and uniform titles) being more amenable to machine generation. It was also possible to tentatively identify a core reference for authority work in a subject area. 相似文献
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Objective: The research analyzes usage of a major biomedical library''s pre-1993 print journal collection.Methodology: In July 2003, in preparation for a renovation and expansion project, the Biomedical Library at the University of California, San Diego, moved all of its pre-1993 journal volumes off-site, with the exception of twenty-two heavily used titles. Patrons wishing to consult one of these stored volumes could request that it be delivered to the library for their use. In the spring of 2006, an analysis was made of these requests.Results: By July of 2006, 79,827 journal volumes published in 1992 or earlier had been requested from storage. The number of requests received declined with age of publication. The usage distribution exhibited a “long tail”: 50% of the 79,827 requests were for journal volumes published before 1986. The availability of electronic access dramatically reduced the chance that corresponding print journal volumes would be requested.Conclusions: The older biomedical print journal literature appears to be of continued value to the biomedical research community. When electronic access was provided to the older literature, demand for older print volumes declined dramatically.
Highlights
- Analysis of requests for stored biomedical journal volumes published prior to 1993 indicates that older biomedical journal literature receives substantial use: during this 3-year study, there were nearly 80,000 requests for journal volumes published in 1992 or earlier, with half the requests for volumes published from 1986–1992 and 40% of the request for volumes published from 1970–1985. These results indicate that retaining older print volumes, or providing easy access to the older literature through electronic journals or other means, will likely be required to meet user information needs.
- Use of older journal volumes varies by title and by user population, and a small number of journal titles were responsible for most of the use.
- Requests for older print biomedical journal titles dropped significantly when electronic access became available.
Implications
- Biomedical libraries should carefully consider implications of eliminating on-site access to older journal literature for users and budgets.
- Removing access to older journal literature may result in higher demand for interlibrary loan and document delivery services.
- Biomedical libraries can safely substitute reliable electronic access to older literature to meet ongoing needs for this information, thereby creating space for other purposes.
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Margaret O’Neill Adams 《Archival Science》2007,7(1):21-36
This article focuses on use and users of data from the NARA (National Archives and Records Administration), U.S. Who is using archival electronic records, and why are they using them? It describes the changes in use and consequently user groups over the last 30 years. The changes in use are related to the evolution of reference services for electronic records at NARA, as well as to growth in the types of electronic records accessioned by NARA. The first user group consisted mainly of researchers with a social science background, who usually expected to handle the data themselves. The user community expanded when electronic records with personal value, like casualty records, were transferred to NARA, and broadened yet again when a selection of NARA’s electronic records became available online. Archivists trying to develop user services for electronic records will find that the needs and expectations of fact or information seeking data users are different from those of researchers using and analyzing data files. 相似文献
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从青海上孙家寨出土的西汉晚期军事律令文书木牍,可以推知西汉张良、韩信《兵法》和杨仆《兵录》在内容性质上都是军事律令的结集。作为结集而成的"一本书",《兵法》和《兵录》都附有目录,但它们并不是"目录著作"。其所附目录都是勒编成册的一书篇名目录(contents),而不是"莫之或先"的群书目录(bibliography),也不是"最早的兵书专科目录"。此外,《兵录》之"录"意为"依次记载",并不是"名图书目录为录"之所始。 相似文献
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《Government Information Quarterly》2018,35(3):418-427
The gap between the approval of RTI laws and their implementation leaves room for discretionary bias and discrimination from government officials. This paper explores possible discretionary bias and ultimately discriminatory behavior exhibited by Uruguayan government agencies while answering RTI requests. We explore whether public officials are more likely to respond to requests from citizens that are informed about their right under the RTI law vs regular citizens, as well as from influential citizens (journalists and firm owners). We also assess whether public servants' responses to RTI requests are gender-biased. We conducted a randomized field experiment to test for unequal treatment given to citizens' requests by Uruguayan government officials, considering different citizen categories. We find that only those citizens who know the RTI law and invoke its existence have a greater likelihood of obtaining an answer from bureaucrats. This result is driven mostly by men's requests declaring they know the law when making their request, while invoking the law doesn't make a difference in responses to women. These findings show that public campaigns to promote citizens' awareness of RTI laws and their use, not only would increase requests, but also governments' responsiveness regarding RTI requests. 相似文献
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S S Gomes 《Bulletin of the Medical Library Association》1970,58(4):559-577
Using a 10 percent random sample of all requests submitted to the Midwest Regional Medical Library during 1968-1969, this study has revealed that physicians constitute the user group making the most requests, that physicians request periodical materials most, that 86.6 percent of materials requested were for periodicals, and that over one-third of materials requested was more than ten years old. It was found that 66.3 percent of requests were filled, that "Pathology, Diseases, and Treatment" was the subject category with the highest percentage of requests, and that this category and Materia Medica were the subjects accounting for over 50 percent of the requests from all users. The subject categories most frequently requested by physicians were found to be the same (Pathology, Diseases, and Treatment and Materia Medica) as for educators and researchers. The most requests from students were in the Materia Medica and "other" subject categories. These findings are significant for drawing up acquisition policy for both the John Crerar Library, which supplies the physical facilities for the MRML, and the borrowing library which submits the requests for users. 相似文献
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《Journal of Interlibrary Loan, Document Delivery & Electronic Reserve》2013,23(1):119-128
ABSTRACT Interlibrary Loan (ILL) is intended to supplement a library's collection, but often patrons submit requests for items already owned. An analysis of a large academic library's ILL requests shows that in most cases the cataloging of bibliographic records is correct, but patrons need instruction in bibliographic searches and ILL policies and procedures. An unexpected result of the study was a realization that patrons are confused by the way items are shelved in the various branches. 相似文献
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R H Orr V M Pings I H Pizer E E Olson C C Spencer 《Bulletin of the Medical Library Association》1968,56(3):241-267
A method of measuring a library's capability for providing the documents its users need has been developed. The library is tested with a representative sample of such documents to determine how long would be required for users to obtain these documents. Test results are expressed in terms of a Capability Index, which has a maximal value of 100 only if all the sample documents are found "on shelf." Specific tests employing samples of 300 documents have been developed that are appropriate for academic and for "reservoir" biomedical libraries. Realistic field trials have demonstrated that these two tests are practical to administer and that test results are adequately reproducible. When strict comparability is not important, a library can test itself. In assessing a reservoir library, test results are supplemented by data on its typical processing time for interlibrary loan requests. Currently these tests are being used in a national survey. The general method is applicable to other types of libraries, provided appropriate test samples are established. If their limitations are clearly understood, these "Document Delivery Tests" can be valuable tools for planning and managing library services. 相似文献
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Jennifer A. Lyon Rolando Garcia-Milian Hannah F. Norton Michele R. Tennant 《Medical reference services quarterly》2013,32(3):241-252
Expert-mediated literature searching, a keystone service in biomedical librarianship, would benefit significantly from regular methodical review. This article describes the novel use of Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) software to create a database of literature searches conducted at a large academic health sciences library. An archive of paper search requests was entered into REDCap, and librarians now prospectively enter records for current searches. Having search data readily available allows librarians to reuse search strategies and track their workload. In aggregate, this data can help guide practice and determine priorities by identifying users’ needs, tracking librarian effort, and focusing librarians’ continuing education. 相似文献
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《期刊图书馆员》2013,64(1-2):73-82
The currently accepted guidelines for the creation of uniform titles for serials cause certain difficulties when the title proper, exclusive of the name of the issuing body, consists of an initial generic term. Among these difficulties are (1) the need to predict the existence and form of a grammatical link between the generic term and the corporate name; (2) the use of the catalog heading for the issuing body as the qualifier, which may reverse the "natural" order of hierarchical elements or be in a language different from the title proper; and (3) the usual placement of the qualifier after the title proper when the title proper consists of a common tltle and section title. Alternative guidelines intended to rectify these problems are proposed. 相似文献
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ABSTRACT Clio 1.2, the interlibrary loan records management software developed by Perkins and Associates, effectively tracks OCLC ILL transactions for both borrowing and lending. Clio is equipped to report statistical information, which it gathers as the user initiates or receives OCLC, ALA and fax requests. Interacting with OCLC's ILL Microenhancer for DOS and Windows, Clio 1.2 affords accurate and comprehensive information to its users and provides a number of access points to the database. Clio is another effective application software package that helps make the tracking of interlibrary requests manageable. This paper will cover and illustrate the larger elements of Clio and its operation. 相似文献
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Academic libraries are increasingly required to provide tangible evidence of their value to the scholarly community. Library responses have developed from early process-focused investigations to develop input and output measures, or user satisfaction studies, that do not provide much evidence of value, to attempting to demonstrate value from different perspectives, depending on the philosophical point of view with which the concept is regarded, for example in economic or social terms. This article attempts to explore a number of theoretical approaches that have been used to inform assessments of value in academic libraries, as well as some practical approaches to consider when undertaking studies of the value of academic library services.1 相似文献
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数字人文不仅革新了人文研究的范式,还意味着全新的知识生产方式和知识交流模式。联合各领域的研究者和研究机构,包括各类美术馆、图书馆、档案馆、博物馆(GLAM)等文化记忆机构建设数字人文基础设施,以支撑新的研究范式、知识生产方式和知识交流模式,已经成为共同的呼声。探讨如何建设数字人文基础设施,厘清各种责任主体尤其是GLAM机构在数字人文基础设施建设中扮演何种角色、承担何种任务、做出何种贡献,有利于帮助图书馆找准角色定位,发挥自身优势,成为整个数字人文基础设施建设中不可或缺的有机构成单位。利用文献调研、需求分析、案例调研、实践验证等方法,将"数据基础设施"从"研究基础设施"中剥离出来并作出定义;分析面向人文研究的"数据基础设施"的一般性功能需求和技术规范,包括跨机构的共建共享、跨网域的开放获取、跨领域的知识融通、跨时空的版本迭代四个方面。以上海图书馆的数字人文实践为例,从原理和实践两个层面论证图书馆的书目控制、规范控制、知识组织、文献循证方法和关联数据、知识图谱、大数据等技术结合起来,有望为"数据基础设施"的建设提供一定的方法论贡献。联合各类机构加强新技术的应用,推进数据开放互联和知识融通,建设公共性、开放性、持续性的"数据基础设施",是GLAM机构在数字人文大潮中应尽而可尽的责任。图2。参考文献28。 相似文献
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Kurt I. Munson Devin Savage 《Journal of Interlibrary Loan, Document Delivery & Electronic Reserve》2013,23(4-5):191-200
Students look to interlibrary loan (ILL) as a mechanism for acquiring textbooks. What are the students’ expectations of ILL and can ILL meet those expectations, especially given that textbooks are perceived as difficult to borrow? This article reports the findings of a survey designed to determine the expectations of students who had placed ILL requests for textbooks. By analyzing the records for those students’ requests using data from ILLiad, the degree to which students’ expectations can be met was determined. Students’ flexibility with editions provides ILL staff methods to increase fill rates and improve service. 相似文献