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以“一带一路”倡议为时代背景,研究中俄大众冰雪运动文化交流与深化合作的途径。梳理中俄大众冰雪运动文化发展现状,分析中俄大众冰雪运动文化合作的必然性和多样性,通过完善中俄文化合作机制,营造中俄冰雪文化合作氛围;挖掘中俄冰雪运动文化内涵,推动中俄文化合作便利政策;培育多元冰雪运动文化产品,拓展中俄文化合作渠道;增大宣传力度,提升中俄冰雪运动文化合作形象。借助“一带一路”的良好发展契机,提升中俄大众冰雪运动文化交流与深化合作的广度与深度。 相似文献
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<正>教师是学校教育的组织者与实施者,合作是教师专业素养的重要内涵,教师需要通过丰富多彩的合作来发展自身。合作可以使教师认识到自己的优劣,激发自觉发展的动力;合作可以帮助教师解决个人无法解决的教育 相似文献
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通过我国“馆校结合”开展科学教育的试点工作,剖析试点工作的主要成果、存在问题及进展方向;通过欧美博物馆“馆校合作”的发展历程与合作现状,以及其他国家与台湾地区科技博物馆“馆校合作”的情况,探讨科普场馆与学校科学教育合作的发展趋势;借鉴国外的理念与经验,探索馆校合作进行科学教育的主攻方向,最后得出最易于实际应用且带来突破的点. 相似文献
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合作关系是艺术体操集体项目减少失误和得分的一个重要部分,文章采用文献资料、文献综述的方法。以规则为标准表明运动员合作的必要性,找出解决的方法:辨证看待竞争与合作;教练员的情感投入;培养运动员的合作意识;为我国艺术体操集体项目在2008北京奥运会夺冠提供参考。 相似文献
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合作学习对大学生学习互动行为与技能掌握的影响研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
喻伯海 《沈阳体育学院学报》2005,24(6):118-119
采用文献法和问卷调查法,对278名大学生进行了调查。结果表明:大学生对合作学习反应较为积极,女生对学习伙伴存在较高的选择性;合作学习对于提高大学生的运动技能方面与常规教学接近;合作学习巧妙地协调了个体化的目标结构与合作的目标结构,更体现学习者的主体地位,可更好地促进学生的社会化过程。 相似文献
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本文从合作学习模式切入高校健美操课程的依据、实施方法与建议三方面进行分析。以课程改革、学生自我发展要求、健美操练习特点为研究基础,建立学生合作小组与培养学生合作技能,提出不同学习阶段的合作学习模式的表现形式要各异,并相应地建立多维评价方式。建议运用合作学习模式时,要注意单一教学模式运用合理有度;提倡合作,更要鼓励竞争;突出学生教学主体地位,更要摆正教师教学主导地位。 相似文献
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基于管家理论、利益相关者理论及委托代理理论,采用353家体育用品企业的问卷数据,对体育用品企业的家族控制、公司治理结构与家族企业外部合作行为进行理论探讨和实证检验。研究结果表明:1其他条件相同的情况下,现阶段家族控制下的体育用品企业更不愿意与外部科研机构合作;2其他条件相同的情况下,当现阶段家族控制下的体育用品企业有实施传承计划时,更愿意与外部科研机构合作;3其他条件相同的情况下,现阶段家族控制下的体育用品企业外部聘任的职业经理人越多,更愿意与外部科研机构合作;4其他条件相同的情况下,在创始人控制下的体育用品家族企业更愿意与外部科研机构合作。 相似文献
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Jean Slawinski Nicolas Houel Alice Bonnefoy-Mazure Kevin Lissajoux Valery Bocquet Nicolas Termoz 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(9):858-865
The aim of this study was to compare the kinetic and kinematic parameters of standing and crouch sprint starts. Parallel starts (PS), false starts (FS), jump starts (JS) and crouch starts (3PS) were compared. Eighteen participants performed each start on a force plate and six infrared cameras captured the three-dimensional coordinates of 36 retro-reflective markers. Performance during a five-metre sprint (T5m) was analysed. Duration of the start phase (Tstart), mean values of horizontal and total ground reaction forces (GRFs) (Fx_mean and Ftot_mean), ratio of force (RF), maximal power (Pmax) and kinetic energy (KE) of each limb were calculated. Significant differences were found for T5m, Tstart, KE, Pmax, Fx_mean, Ftot_mean and RF for the crouch start compared to the other starts (P ≤ 0.05). Significant correlations were found between T5m and Tstart (r = 0.59; P ≤ 0.001), and T5m and Pmax, Fx_mean and RF (?0.73 ≤ r ≤ ?0.61; P ≤ 0.001). To conclude, the crouch start resulted in the best performance because Tstart was shorter, producing greater Pmax, Fx_mean with a more forward orientation of the resultant force. Greater KE of the trunk in each start condition demonstrated the role of the trunk in generating forward translation of the centre of mass (CM). 相似文献
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Amador García-Ramos Belén Feriche Alejandro Pérez-Castilla Paulino Padial Slobodan Jaric 《European Journal of Sport Science》2017,17(6):690-698
This study aimed to explore the strength of the force–velocity (F–V) relationship of lower limb muscles and the reliability of its parameters (maximum force [F0], slope [a], maximum velocity [V0], and maximum power [P0]). Twenty-three men were tested in two different jump types (squat and countermovement jump: SJ and CMJ), performed under two different loading conditions (free weight and Smith machine: Free and Smith) with 0, 17, 30, 45, 60, and 75?kg loads. The maximum and averaged values of F and V were obtained for the F–V relationship modelling. All F–V relationships were strong and linear independently whether observed from the averaged across the participants (r?≥?0.98) or individual data (r?=?0.94–0.98), while their parameters were generally highly reliable (F0 [CV: 4.85%, ICC: 0.87], V0 [CV: 6.10%, ICC: 0.82], a [CV: 10.5%, ICC: 0.81], and P0 [CV: 3.5%, ICC: 0.93]). Both the strength of the F–V relationships and the reliability of their parameters were significantly higher for (1) the CMJ over the SJ, (2) the Free over the Smith loading type, and (3) the maximum over the averaged F and V variables. In conclusion, although the F–V relationships obtained from all the jumps tested were linear and generally highly reliable, the less appropriate choice for testing the F–V relationship could be through the averaged F and V data obtained from the SJ performed either in a Free weight or in a Smith machine. Insubstantial differences exist among the other combinations tested. 相似文献
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Franck Brocherie Olivier Girard Fabricio Forchino Hani Al Haddad Gilvan A. Dos Santos Grégoire P. Millet 《Journal of sports sciences》2014,32(13):1243-1254
AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine potential relationships between anthropometric parameters and athletic performance with special consideration to repeated-sprint ability (RSA). Sixteen players of the senior male Qatar national soccer team performed a series of anthropometric and physical tests including countermovement jumps without (CMJ) and with free arms (CMJwA), straight-line 20 m sprint, RSA (6 × 35 m with 10 s recovery) and incremental field test. Significant (P < 0.05) relationships occurred between muscle-to-bone ratio and both CMJs height (r ranging from 0.56 to 0.69) as well as with all RSA-related variables (r < –0.53 for sprinting times and r = 0.54 for maximal sprinting speed) with the exception of the sprint decrement score (Sdec). The sum of six skinfolds and adipose mass index were largely correlated with Sdec (r = 0.68, P < 0.01 and r = 0.55, P < 0.05, respectively) but not with total time (TT, r = 0.44 and 0.33, P > 0.05, respectively) or any standard athletic tests. Multiple regression analyses indicated that muscular cross-sectional area for mid-thigh, adipose index, straight-line 20 m time, maximal sprinting speed and CMJwA are the strongest predictors of Sdec (r2 = 0.89) and TT (r2 = 0.95) during our RSA test. In the Qatar national soccer team, players’ power-related qualities and RSA are associated with a high muscular profile and a low adiposity. This supports the relevance of explosive power for the soccer players and the larger importance of neuromuscular qualities determining the RSA. 相似文献
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Christian Heyde Hubert Mahler Kai Roecker Albert Gollhofer 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(9):787-793
The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictive potential provided by two ventilatory inflection points (VIP1 and VIP2) examined in field without using gas analysis systems and uncomfortable facemasks. A calibrated respiratory inductance plethysmograph (RIP) and a computerised routine were utilised, respectively, to derive ventilation and to detect VIP1 and VIP2 during a standardised field ramp test on a 400 m running track on 81 participants. In addition, average running speed of a competitive 1000 m run (S1k) was observed as criterion. The predictive value of running speed at VIP1 (SVIP1) and the speed range between VIP1 and VIP2 in relation to VIP2 (VIPSPAN) was analysed via regression analysis. VIPSPAN rather than running speed at VIP2 (SVIP2) was operationalised as a predictor to consider the covariance between SVIP1 and SVIP2. SVIP1 and VIPSPAN, respectively, provided 58.9% and 22.9% of explained variance in regard to S1k. Considering covariance, the timing of two ventilatory inflection points provides predictive value in regard to a competitive 1000 m run. This is the first study to apply computerised detection of ventilatory inflection points in a field setting independent on measurements of the respiratory gas exchange and without using any facemasks. 相似文献
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Michael G. Hughes Laurence Birdsey Rob Meyers Daniel Newcombe Jon Lee Oliver Paul M. Smith 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(8):878-886
Abstract In spite of the increased acceptance of artificial turf in football, few studies have investigated if matches are altered by the type of surface used and no research has compared physiological responses to football activity on artificial and natural surfaces. In the present study, participants performed a football match simulation on high-quality artificial and natural surfaces. Neither mean heart rate (171 ± 9 beats · min?1 vs. 171 ± 9 beats · min?1; P > 0.05) nor blood lactate (4.8 ± 1.6 mM vs. 5.3 ± 1.8 mM; P > 0.05) differed between the artificial and natural surface, respectively. Measures of sprint, jumping and agility performance declined through the match simulation but surface type did not affect the decrease in performance. For example, the fatigue index of repeated sprints did not differ (P > 0.05) between the artificial, (6.9 ± 2.1%) and natural surface (7.4 ± 2.4%). The ability to turn after sprinting was affected by surface type but this difference was dependent on the type of turn. Although there were small differences in the ability to perform certain movements between artificial and natural surfaces, the results suggest that fatigue and physiological responses to football activity do not differ markedly between surface-type using the high-quality pitches of the present study. 相似文献
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Jordan Santos-Concejero Ross Tucker Cristina Granados Jon Irazusta Iraia Bidaurrazaga-Letona Jon Zabala-Lili 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(9):853-859
AbstractThis study investigated the influence of the regression model and initial intensity during an incremental test on the relationship between the lactate threshold estimated by the maximal-deviation method and performance in elite-standard runners. Twenty-three well-trained runners completed a discontinuous incremental running test on a treadmill. Speed started at 9 km · h?1 and increased by 1.5 km · h?1 every 4 min until exhaustion, with a minute of recovery for blood collection. Lactate–speed data were fitted by exponential and polynomial models. The lactate threshold was determined for both models, using all the co-ordinates, excluding the first and excluding the first and second points. The exponential lactate threshold was greater than the polynomial equivalent in any co-ordinate condition (P < 0.001). For both models, the lactate threshold was lower when all co-ordinates were used than when the first and the first and second points were excluded (P < 0.001). 10-km race pace was correlated with both the exponential and polynomial lactate thresholds for all the co-ordinate conditions (r ≥ 0.75, P < 0.001 and r ≥ 0.56, P < 0.05, respectively). The results suggest that the exponential lactate threshold should be used instead of the polynomial equivalent since it is more strongly associated with performance and is independent of the initial intensity of the test. 相似文献
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Abstract To develop a track version of the maximal anaerobic running test, 10 sprint runners and 12 distance runners performed the test on a treadmill and on a track. The treadmill test consisted of incremental 20-s runs with a 100-s recovery between the runs. On the track, 20-s runs were replaced by 150-m runs. To determine the blood lactate versus running velocity curve, fingertip blood samples were taken for analysis of blood lactate concentration at rest and after each run. For both the treadmill and track protocols, maximal running velocity (v max), the velocities associated with blood lactate concentrations of 10 mmol · l?1 ( v 10 mM) and 5 mmol · l?1 ( v 5 mM), and the peak blood lactate concentration were determined. The results of both protocols were compared with the seasonal best 400-m runs for the sprint runners and seasonal best 1000-m time-trials for the distance runners. Maximal running velocity was significantly higher on the track (7.57 ± 0.79 m · s?1) than on the treadmill (7.13 ± 0.75 m · s?1), and sprint runners had significantly higher v max, v 10 mM, and peak blood lactate concentration than distance runners (P<0.05). The Pearson product – moment correlation coefficients between the variables for the track and treadmill protocols were 0.96 (v max), 0.82 (v 10 mM), 0.70 (v 5 mM), and 0.78 (peak blood lactate concentration) (P<0.05). In sprint runners, the velocity of the seasonal best 400-m run correlated positively with v max in the treadmill (r = 0.90, P<0.001) and track protocols (r = 0.92, P<0.001). In distance runners, a positive correlation was observed between the velocity of the 1000-m time-trial and v max in the treadmill (r = 0.70, P<0.01) and track protocols (r = 0.63, P<0.05). It is apparent that the results from the track protocol are related to, and in agreement with, the results of the treadmill protocol. In conclusion, the track version of the maximal anaerobic running test is a valid means of measuring different determinants of sprint running performance. 相似文献
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Johnny Padulo Davide Filingeri Karim Chamari Gian Mario Migliaccio Giuseppe Calcagno Gerardo Bosco 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(12):1120-1126
AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a single bout of whole-body vibration (WBV) on running gait. The running kinematic of sixteen male marathon runners was assessed on a treadmill at iso-efficiency speed after 10 min of WBV and SHAM (i.e. no WBV) conditions. A high-speed camera (210 Hz) was used for the video analysis and heart rate (HR) was also monitored. The following parameters were investigated: step length (SL), flight time (FT), step frequency (SF), contact time (CT), HR and the internal work (WINT). Full-within one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) of the randomised crossover design indicated that when compared to SHAM conditions, WBV decreased the SL and the FT by ~4% (P < 0.0001) and ~7.2% (P < 0.001), respectively, and increased the SF ~4% (P < 0.0001) while the CT was not changed. This effect occurred during the first minute of running: the SL decreased ~3.5% (P < 0.001) and SF increased ~3.3% (P < 0.001). During the second minute the SL decreased ~1.2% (P = 0.017) and the SF increased ~1.1% (P = 0.02). From the third minute onwards, there was a return to the pre-vibration condition. The WINT was increased by ~4% (P < 0.0001) during the WBV condition. Ten minutes of WBV produced a significant alteration of the running kinematics during the first minutes post exposure. These results provide insights on the effects of WBV on the central components controlling muscle function. 相似文献
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Manal Hamzeh 《Physical Education & Sport Pedagogy》2015,20(5):517-531
Background: Though musli m females exclusion from physical activities and sports has concerned scholars for years, they are still being theorized out of context and out of history and not as agents in their own lives. Within the prevailing context of the ‘War on Terror,’ muslim females are becoming more racialized in sports and are unnecessarily constructed as needing protection and void of any agency. In 2010, a crisis emerged out of the International Federation of Association Football's (FIFA) erratic interpretation of Law 4 which excluded muslim females players with a head/cover gear deemed unsafe on the field. This crisis highlighted the importance of understanding not only the targeted exclusion of muslim female players but also the importance of working with muslim female national football players and the possibilities of them resisting the racializing and gendering logics of a mega-sport institution such as FIFA.Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to understand how five women football players on the Jordanian national team negotiated FIFA's ‘hijab ban’ of 2011. Particularly, it seeks the perspectives of the players themselves – whether they are wearing the head and/or neck cover or not and whether their muslimness is visible or not – and their stories of how they negotiated FIFA's ‘hijab ban’ (2011–2012).Methodology: This paper is part of a larger critical qualitative study based on (1) dialogical interviews with five football players on the Jordanian national team, (2) material the players crafted and used to campaign against FIFA's ‘hijab ban,’ (3) players’ journals, (4) email correspondence and (5) web-based campaigning material. I deploy arab-muslim feminist scholars’ more complicated understanding of the hijab and theorize of how muslim women's bodies are regulated by two interconnected hijabophobias, the Islamist and Western-Islamophobic.Findings: The findings are organized in the following themes: (1) experiencing humiliation and injustice, (2) exposing FIFA's Islamophobic standpoint and (3) resisting through solidarity and activism. The results suggest that the muslim female football players on the Jordanian national team exposed the FIFA's Islamophobic hijabophobia in its interpretation of Law 4. They acted with resilience and political savviness to regain the right to play while being muslim female under FIFA's laws. This suggests that muslim females are active agents in their own lives and on a global level. They are able to counter the racializing injustices produced by very powerful sport institutions. Non-muslim/Western policy-makers, researchers, teachers and trainers working among muslim women and youth need to consider this example as a frame to their participatory research, critical pedagogies, and physical education (PE) and sport curricula. They need to recognize that we are living a moment in history in which muslim women's bodies are sites of both the Islamist and the colonialist anxieties in their struggles for power. Thus, they need to urgently be engaged in the theories and pedagogical approaches that challenge both the Islamist and the Islamophobic hijabophobias in sport and PE. 相似文献
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Little is known about the influence of different types and sources of social support on physical activity in adolescents. The aim of this study was to analyse the association between physical activity and different types and sources of social support in adolescents. The sample consisted of 2,859 adolescents between 14–19 years of age in the city of João Pessoa, in Northeastern Brazil. Physical activity was measured with a questionnaire and social support from parents and friends using a 10-item scale five for each group (type of support: encouragement, joint participation, watching, inviting, positive comments and transportation). Multivariable analysis showed that the types of support provided by parents associated with physical activity in adolescents were encouragement for females (P < 0.001) and adolescents between 14–16 years of age (P = 0.003), and transportation (P = 0.014) and comments (P = 0.037) for males. The types of social support provided by friends were: joint participation in male adolescents (P < 0.001) and in these 17–19-year-olds (P < 0.001), and comments in both genders (males: P = 0.009; females: P < 0.001) and 14–16-year-olds (P < 0.001). We conclude that the type of social support associated with physical activity varies according to its source, as well as the gender and age of the adolescents. 相似文献