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1.
本研究采用美国心理学家Spielberger状态—特质焦虑问卷(STAI)对参加首届云南省大学生田径运动会的中长跑运动员进行了调查研究.检验了其焦虑特质与焦虑状态的相关程度,并就大学生中长跑运动员焦虑水平在不同距离范围、竞赛规模、运动等级、性别以及文化程度方面进行了差异性分析. 相似文献
2.
对乒乓球运动员竞赛状态焦虑及焦虑方向的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
赵世勇 《沈阳体育学院学报》2006,25(5):45-46,56
运用文献资料法、专家访谈法、问卷调查法和数理统计法等方法,对60名优秀乒乓球运动员及普通大学生乒乓球运动员竞赛状态焦虑及焦虑方向进行对比研究。研究结果表明:优秀乒乓球运动员与普通大学生乒乓球运动员在认知焦虑和躯体焦虑的强度分数上无差异;但与普通大学生乒乓球运动员相比,优秀乒乓球运动员认为这两种焦虑对其运动成绩的取得具有促进作用;两组运动员的自信心无差异。 相似文献
3.
本研究通过使用CSAI－2问卷及SEEs量表,测定了44名大学生考1000米前的状态焦虑强度和方向,以及赛后的心理反应。结果发现：①认知状态焦虑与躯体状态焦虑强度对所测大学生1000M跑考试的成绩有一定影响;②自信心与所测大学生1000M跑考试的成绩存在相关;③1000M跑有助于提高大学生积极的心理健康,不论成绩好、坏;④不同考试等级组被试的状态焦虑反应不仅在强度上、而且在方向上均有显著性差异,成绩差的组比成绩好的组有明显高的状态焦虑程度,并且更把状态焦虑评价为对成绩有消极的影响;⑤焦虑对运动成绩并不总是有消极的影响,有的大学生是把它认知为对成绩是有积极作用的。建议广大的体育教师应重视对大学生考长跑前状态焦虑水平的调整,并使他们对自己的状态焦虑反应有积极的评价。 相似文献
4.
通过对中国优秀武术套路运动员关于竞赛状态焦虑的问题进行问卷和现场调研,结果表明：1）不同训练年限、不同运动等级的运动员在认知状态焦虑、躯体状态焦虑、状态自信心上具有显著性差异;2）运动员得分与认知状态焦虑有显著负相关性、与状态自信心呈正相关、与躯体状态焦虑呈倒U关系;3）通过探索分析得出赛前预测运动成绩好坏的客观指标。以期为教练员在训练及比赛中高效处理优秀武术运动员的竞赛状态焦虑提供参考。 相似文献
5.
《西安体育学院学报》2016,(2)
研究采用运动员意志品质量表和竞赛状态焦虑量表对参加全国U-16青少年网球排名赛的运动员进行测量。对数据进行t检验、单因素方差分析、相关分析和回归分析,结果表明:(1)U-16青少年网球运动员意志品质整体水平较好,认知状态焦虑的得分略高。(2)意志品质总分及各维度不存在年龄、运动等级的差异,坚韧性维度有性别差异。竞赛状态焦虑总分及各维度有年龄、运动等级差异,且状态自信心还存在性别差异。(3)意志品质总分及独立性、坚韧性与认知状态焦虑、躯体状态焦虑负相关,与状态自信心正相关。(4)在预测竞赛状态焦虑总体情况时,进入回归方程的显著变量有两个,即坚韧性和独立性,两个变量可显著地预测竞赛状态焦虑水平,且坚韧性和独立性每增加1个分,状态焦虑水平则增加0.20和0.25分。竞赛状态焦虑的总体情况中,有18.7%的方差可以由这两个因子进行解释。 相似文献
6.
竞赛状态焦虑调控方法的研究进展 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
曹晖 《武汉体育学院学报》2001,35(5):67-68
通过对一些较常用和较有价值的竞赛状态焦虑调控方法的研究综述,为运动员调节竞赛状态焦虑,在比赛中发挥最佳水平,提供参考. 相似文献
7.
运动员人格特征与赛前焦虑、心境状态的相关关系 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
左从现 《上海体育学院学报》2002,26(2):71-75
采用测试研究方法，分析了人格特征与运动员的竞赛焦虑和心境状态的相关关系。结果表明，不同人格特征运动员之间在比赛期间存在显著的竞赛焦虑和心境状态差异；比赛期间躯体焦虑比认知焦虑更能影响运动员的潜能发挥；心境状态是运动员竞赛焦虑的有效预测因子。 相似文献
8.
运用CSAI-2问卷对上海市大学生运动员赛前焦虑和状态自信心的研究 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
已修订出中国常模的CSAI-2问卷是信度和效度高的多维焦虑测量工具,它包括三个分量表:认知状态焦虑、躯体状态焦虑和状态自信心。运用该问卷测查235名参加大学生运动会田径和篮球比赛的被试赛前焦虑反应和状态自信必,结果表明:(1)躯体状态焦虑的强度是区分田径和篮球项目类型良好的预测因子;(2)认知状态焦虑的强度是区分运动技能水平或临场技能发挥得好坏的良好预测因子;(3)竞赛焦虑反应和状态自信心的强度与被试主观上所认知到的任务难度密切有关。因此,为使运动员有适宜的竞赛焦虑反应和状态自信心,教练员除了不断提高运动员的技能水平之外,应当结合项目的要求加强对运动员的心理训练(尤其是认知训练),并注意在赛前激起他们符合任务特征的唤醒水平。 相似文献
9.
残疾人运动员的特质焦虑与竞赛状态焦虑研究 总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16
采用特质焦虑测验(TAI)和竞赛状态焦虑测验(CSAI-2)对73名残疾人运动员的焦虑测试分析表明：1)绝大多数残疾人运动员为中等强度的特质焦虑水平。残疾人运动员的认知焦虑与一般运动员相比没有显著性差异；残疾人运动员的躯体焦虑较一般运动员高，但比一般运动员更为自信；2)残疾人运动员的特质焦虑存在着性别差异，但竞赛状态焦虑没有性别差异；两者都不存在残疾类别差异和残疾类别与性别的交互作用影响；3)残疾人运动员在一般情景中的特质焦虑与他们的竞赛状态焦虑是相互独立的。 相似文献
10.
目的:探讨竞赛过程中运动员的完美主义与竞赛焦虑之间的关系。方法:测量3组(共191人)运动员样本在竞赛中的完美主义和竞赛焦虑,并对其进行比较。结果:总体完美主义与认知状态和躯体状态的高度竞赛焦虑有关,而当把力求完美的动力作用与未达完美的消极作用分化开来时,发现只有后者与高度的焦虑相关,而前者则导致轻微的焦虑和高度自信。结论:提示运动员在竞赛过程中追求完美,并成功地控制未达理想而产生的消极影响,就可以减少焦虑并增强自信,发挥出色。 相似文献
11.
竞赛状态焦虑的强度和方向性及其与长跑成绩的相关研究 总被引：10，自引：1，他引：9
本文考察了竞赛状态焦虑的强度和方向性这两个维度及其与大学生长跑考试成绩之间的关系。研究结果表明：（１）竞赛状态焦虑的强度和方向性是两个独立的维度;（２）ＣＳＡＩ－２（复合版）问卷各分量表的强度和方向性的得分均与长跑成绩有显著意义的相关,但只有状态自信心的方向性是预测长跑成绩的重要因子。 相似文献
12.
以参加2005年全国聋人篮球锦标赛的运动员为研究对象，采用美国运动心理学家Martens（1990）编制、祝蓓里教授修订（1994）的“运动竞赛状态焦虑量表”（简称CSAI-2问卷）为测试工具。结果表明：聋入篮球运动员的躯体状态焦虑在性别、文化程度上的主效应差异显著，性别与文化程度的交互作用差异也显著；在状态自信心上，性别主效应差异显著；不同运动成绩的运动员认知状态焦虑、躯体状态焦虑、状态自信心之问差异具有显著性。 相似文献
13.
Mireia Felez-Nobrega Judit Bort-Roig Laia Briones Albert Sanchez-Niubo Ai Koyanagi Emma Puigoriol 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(13):1566-1574
ABSTRACT This study examined relationships between physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) with state-trait anxiety and stress. State-Trait anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory), psychological stress (Perceived Stress Scale), SB across domains during weekdays and weekends (Last 7-day Sedentary Behaviour Questionnaire) and PA intensities (International Physical Activity Questionnaire) were assessed by self-report in 360 undergraduates (44% females, mean age 20.9 ± 2.93 years). A subsample (n = 121; 53.7% females; mean age 20.8 ± 2.6 years) wore an activPALTM to determine total SB, light, and moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA (MVPA). Self-reported MVPA was significantly associated with lower trait anxiety and perceived stress, whereas light PA was only associated with lower perceived stress. Weekend total self-reported SB was related to higher trait anxiety and perceived stress levels, while total SB during the week was not. Of all SB domains, only leisure SB (screen and non-screen based) was associated with higher trait anxiety and perceived stress. PA attenuated the negative relationships between excessive sitting time and trait anxiety but not perceived stress. No associations were found for monitor-based measures of PA and SB. No associations were found between PA or SB variables with state anxiety. Further research is needed to assess causal and reciprocal relationships between PA, SB and mental health in college students. 相似文献
14.
为了调查分析高校大学生焦虑现状和发病率,提高人们对大学生焦虑的关注度和大学生对焦虑预防和干预能力,本文采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)调查工具,运用问卷调查法,对某大学体育学院2015级258学生进行调查,结果表明有焦虑症状者占37%,其中,社会体育班级的学生有焦虑症者居多,男女焦虑情况比例存在显著差异性。 相似文献
15.
练华伟 《体育科技文献通报》2014,(5):56-58
以表象训练的方法作为理论基础,以山西中医学院参加民族传统体育项目的大学生集训队作为研究对象。通过文献研究、竞赛状态焦虑问卷调查和训练实验,对表象训练实验前后的问卷数据和比赛后的得分进行统计分析。结果表明,表象训练能够提高大学生中低等难度武术套路的比赛能力,有效降低大学生的认知躯体状态焦虑水平和躯体状态焦虑水平,并显著提高状态自信心,有助于大学生在武术套路比赛中较为稳定的发挥。表象训练是提升大学生武术套路训练和比赛能力的重要手段。 相似文献
16.
Male volunteer subjects (27) completed a 5‐week habituation period during which practise was undertaken on three motor performance tests. Tests were of serial reaction time, visuomotor ability and muscular power. Following stabilization of performance subjects entered an experimental period where they performed the tests before an evaluative audience on one occasion, and against a matched opponent, also before an evaluative audience on the final occasion. Preperformance measures were obtained of neuroendocrine activity, anticipatory heart rate and state anxiety. Significant precompeti‐tion elevations in state anxiety, heart rate and adrenaline levels were observed, supporting the notion that the exposure was perceived as stressful by subjects. Significant correlations were obtained between adrenaline levels and both state and trait anxiety scores. Results showed a significant increase in performance compared to habituation levels for all three tests in the audience condition. In the competitive situation against a matched opponent, performance level for the visuomotor and power tests declined significantly compared to the previous session performed before an audience. Serial reaction time performance showed a continuing upward trend, although failing to achieve significance. Changes in performance are discussed with reference to cue‐utilization explanations and broader cognitive resource limitations. 相似文献
17.
竞赛焦虑对操作表现的影响是运动心理学的重要研究领域,注意控制理论对二者关系从执行功能的角度进行了新的阐释,认为焦虑干扰执
行功能中的抑制功能。近年来,运动心理学对抑制功能探讨较多,对优势反应和任务无关刺激的抑制是抑制功能的2个重要成分,但以往研究大多
集中于抑制无关刺激,对优势反应抑制的探讨相对欠缺,而后者却是竞技场上运动员时常需要面对的问题。已有行为学研究发现,竞赛特质焦虑对
优势反应抑制功能有干扰效应,但其神经机理尚待探讨。本研究采用ERP技术探讨竞赛特质焦虑干扰优势反应抑制的神经基础,假设竞赛特质焦
虑干扰前脑区域（额区和中央区）优势反应抑制的神经准备过程。招募26名研究参与者,根据《赛前情绪量表32×6》测试得分,二分法划分竞赛特质
焦虑高分组和低分组。2组均完成代表优势反应抑制功能的反向眼跳任务,分析抑制“线索”出现前-100~0 ms时程的ERP成分,发现反向眼跳的准
备期在额区和中央区诱发出一负成分,竞赛特质焦虑高分组的波幅小于低分组。以上结果部分支持了假设,竞赛特质焦虑对优势反应抑制的神经
准备期有干扰效应,且主要由前脑区域控制,此结果为注意控制理论在竞赛焦虑领域的适用性提供了神经生理学的部分证据。 相似文献
18.
This study considered the influence of competitive anxiety and self-confidence state responses upon components of performance. Basketball players (n=12) were trained to self-report their cognitive anxiety, somatic anxiety and self-confidence as a single response on several occasions immediately before going on court to play. Performance was video-recorded and aspects of performance that could be characterized as requiring either largely anaerobic power (height jumped) or working memory (successful passes and assists) were measured. Intra-individual performance scores were computed from these measures and the data from seven matches were subjected to regression analyses and then hierarchical regression analyses. The results indicated that, as anticipated, somatic anxiety positively predicted performance that involved anaerobic demands. Self-confidence, and not cognitive anxiety, was the main predictor of performance scores with working memory demands. It would appear that different competitive state responses exert differential effects upon aspects of actual performance. Identifying these differences will be valuable in recommending intervention strategies designed to facilitate performance. 相似文献
19.
Mikko Huhtiniemi Kasper Salin Jukka Lahti Arja Sääkslahti Asko Tolvanen Anthony Watt 《Physical Education & Sport Pedagogy》2021,26(1):1-15
ABSTRACT Background: Fitness testing is a commonly applied learning and teaching practice implemented in both secondary and elementary school physical education (PE). Many teachers believe that by using a variety of different tests, they are able to provide students with feedback regarding their fitness status, and furthermore, increase students’ willingness to be physically active later in their lives. However, empirical evidence concerning students’ affective responses during fitness testing classes is limited. Purpose: The primary aim of the study was to investigate whether students’ perceptions of enjoyment and anxiety differed between two different types of fitness testing classes and PE in general. In addition, the measurement invariances over time and between Grade 5 (aged 11–12) and Grade 8 (aged 14–15) groups were determined. Method: A total sample of 645 Finnish Grade 5 (N?=?328, 50% boys, mean age?=?11.2, SD?=?0.36) and Grade 8 students (N?=?317, 47% boys, mean age?=?14.2, SD?=?0.35) participated in the study. Series of multi-group confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to test the level of measurement invariance between general PE and fitness testing classes, and between age groups. Strict factorial invariance was supported for both enjoyment and anxiety scales allowing for latent mean comparisons. Latent mean differences were studied using z-tests. Results: Grade 5 students perceived significantly lower levels of enjoyment and cognitive processes and a higher level of somatic anxiety in fitness testing classes compared to general PE. Additionally, for Grade 8 students, levels of enjoyment and cognitive processes were significantly lower and somatic anxiety and worry higher in fitness testing classes than in general PE. Furthermore, enjoyment was significantly higher, and cognitive processes, somatic anxiety and worry lower among Grade 5 students compared with Grade 8 students in both contextual PE and during fitness testing class. Conclusion: Results of this study indicate that students’ perceptions of enjoyment were lower in fitness testing classes compared to PE in general. Additionally, students perceived lower levels of cognitive anxiety and higher levels of somatic anxiety in fitness testing classes than in general PE. It is noteworthy that students might not significantly dislike fitness testing per se but instead have significantly more positive affects towards PE in general. Generally, practitioners conducting fitness testing lessons are encouraged to embrace different strategies such as fostering basic psychological needs or promoting mastery climate to facilitate enjoyment and diminish anxiety. 相似文献
20.
This study considered the influence of competitive anxiety and self-confidence state responses upon components of performance. Basketball players (n = 12) were trained to self-report their cognitive anxiety, somatic anxiety and self-confidence as a single response on several occasions immediately before going on court to play. Performance was video-recorded and aspects of performance that could be characterized as requiring either largely anaerobic power (height jumped) or working memory (successful passes and assists) were measured. Intra-individual performance scores were computed from these measures and the data from seven matches were subjected to regression analyses and then hierarchical regression analyses. The results indicated that, as anticipated, somatic anxiety positively predicted performance that involved anaerobic demands. Self-confidence, and not cognitive anxiety, was the main predictor of performance scores with working memory demands. It would appear that different competitive state responses exert differential effects upon aspects of actual performance. Identifying these differences will be valuable in recommending intervention strategies designed to facilitate performance. 相似文献