共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 609 毫秒
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美国学前教育机构中特殊需要儿童的教育余珍有编译目前，在美国的学前教育机构中出现越来越多的不同需要的儿童。以往被正常学校拒之门外，而不得不进入特殊学校的特殊需要儿童也逐渐走进正常儿童的教室。这里所说的特殊需要儿童，既包括有生理、心理障碍的儿童，也包括高... 相似文献
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本刊讯教育部日前印发《普通学校特殊教育资源教室建设指南》（以下简称《指南》）,提出招收5人以上数量残疾学生的普通学校,一般应设立资源教室。不足5人的,由所在区域教育行政部门统筹规划资源教室的布局,辐射片区所有随班就读学生,实现共享发展。《指南》明确指出,资源教室是为随班就读的残疾学生及其他有特殊需要的学生、教师和家长, 相似文献
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日本全纳教育的实施体系、改革方向及面临的问题 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
日本全纳教育的特有形式为＂特殊需要教育＂,它的实施体系包括普通班、特殊需要教育班、资源教室、特殊需要教育学校及访问教育。日本政府从法律上、财政上对全纳教育大力支持,日本学校从特殊需要资源教室的设立、特殊需要教育学校功能的扩展、加强联合活动与学习等方面进行改革以迈向全纳教育。当前日本全纳教育还面临着观念、师资培养以及高年级学生回流等问题。 相似文献
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教育部办公厅2016年1月下发的《普通学校特殊教育资源教室建设指南》(简称《资源教室建设指南》)指出,普通幼儿园、普通中小学、中等职业学校等都要根据残疾学生的残疾类型、残疾程度和特殊需要等建设特殊教育资源教室,为残疾学生的学习、康复和辅导提供全方位支持。《资源教室建设指南》要求各个省(自治区、直辖市)教育行政部门要协调落实好普通学校特 相似文献
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为扩大普通学校随班就读规模,加强普通学校资源教室建设和无障碍设施改造,新年伊始,教育部办公厅下发了《普通学校特殊教育资源教室建设指南》,明确要求普通幼儿园、普通中小学、中等职业学校等都要根据残疾学生的残疾类型、残疾程度和特殊需要建设特殊教育资源教室,为残疾学生创造更加适合其学习、康复、发展的教育环境。这是我国特殊教育事业纳入国家教育改革发展整体顶层设计迈出的又一步。 相似文献
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普通幼儿园中特殊需要儿童数量正在逐步增加,但有特殊需要儿童进入普通园比率较低,生存状态不佳。这是由于政府扶持力度不大、园所重视度不高、幼儿教师学前融合教育知识和技能缺乏以及园内外环境支持系统缺失等原因造成。各地应提高对学前有特殊需要儿童教育事业的重视,加大职前、职后学前融合教育师资培养和培训力度,组建家、园、校、医为一体的专业团队,建立资源教室等支持系统,使有特殊需要儿童与普通儿童享有一样的受教育权利。 相似文献
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我国上个世纪80年代后期推行随班就读的教育安置模式,在发展过程中,我们发现仪仪让轻度障碍的儿童进到普通学校、坐在普通教室里还是不能满足他们的需求,同时又借鉴了国外的一些做法,在随班就读教育中增加了资源教室（台湾称为资源教室方案）教学模式。简单地说,这种模式就是在普通学校中为特殊儿童（包括我国残疾人抽样调查中确定的轻度残疾儿童、 相似文献
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In the past ten years, the issue of inclusion has proved one of the biggest challenges facing special needs education planners and policy‐makers in developed countries. Greek educational policy has given emphasis on two points: (a) the development of new organizational structures (i.e. resource rooms, support teachers), and (b) the implementation of administrative regulations that enable mainstreaming special and ordinary education into a unified educational system (inclusion). In doing so, the content of the curriculum and the pedagogical characteristics of the educational environment were ignored. This paper reports the results of a pilot study that aimed to explore the pedagogical aspects of inclusion and integration as implemented in Greek nursery schools. More specifically, the study investigated the way special needs children participate in the learning process and their relationship with the other members of the classroom. The following hypothesis guided the study: the process of school integration of a special needs child is regulated by (a) the degree and the quality of his/her participation in the learning process, and (b) the pupil’s ability to comply with the main rules of the classroom. Data were gathered from two special needs children, their teachers and their parents through observations and interviews. Research findings seemed to reinforce the two criteria of the research hypothesis. As observation revealed, children’s actions diverged from the desired joint activity. According to research in social groups, this diversion influences the meaning classroom members attribute to ‘differences’ and causes a negative effect on children’s membership of the group. At the same time, the study points out crucial dimensions of the above criteria, particularly as regards the attitude of nursery teachers and of the other pupils towards children with special needs, an issue that needs to be further explored. 相似文献
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资源教室的建设与运行是推进融合教育开展,提升特殊儿童受教育质量的核心要素,也是构建随班就读支持保障体系的关键环节。当前我国资源教室的建设尚未取得最理想成效,功能也未得到最充分的发挥。本文从体系建构的视角出发,结合资源教室建设与运行的现实,对布局不平衡、网络不健全、资源不匹配、专业性不足的"四不"现象进行反思,进而提出相应的对策与建议,为进一步加强资源教室建设,完善随班就读支持保障体系,提升随班就读教育教学质量提供参考。 相似文献
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Kirsten Kristensen Martin Omagor-Loican Negris Onen Daniel Okot 《British Journal of Special Education》2006,33(3):139-147
The Government of Uganda aims to provide good quality education for all learners in inclusive schools. However, some learners who have severe disabilities, including those who are deaf, will, for some time, continue to receive their education in special schools. In this article, Kirsten Kristensen, consultant in inclusive and special needs education for many countries in East Africa, Martin Omagor-Loican, Commissioner for Special Needs Education, Negris Onen, Principal Education Officer for Special Needs and Inclusive Education, both at the Ministry of Education in Sports in Uganda, and Daniel Okot, co-ordinator for the Diploma in Special Needs Education at Kyambogo University, provide an account of their study of 15 such schools. The findings from the study indicate a striking need for reform and transformation. While Uganda has an advanced structure for training teachers in special needs education, the quality of education and educational materials in special schools, is poor. Often children are admitted to special schools without proper assessment of their educational needs and the resources are not available to provide them with an appropriate range of experiences. The authors of this article call for a thoroughgoing review of provision and make a series of coherent and persuasive recommendations for developments in policy and practice focused on enabling special schools in Uganda to play an essential role in future as resource centres supporting an inclusive education system. 相似文献
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在融合教育背景下,特殊教育学校的职能必将做出相应的转变,特殊教育学校作为资源中心的功能将日益强烈.特殊教育学校必须重新定位,成为融合教育的支持者;特殊教育学校的功能从单一教育功能转变为多重服务功能,即为特殊儿童提供评估服务,承担起“资源教室”功能,成为融合教育学校教师及家长的“培训中心”,发挥“巡回指导”的作用;特殊教育学校教师角色也随之发生转变,由单一教育者角色转变为兼具“教育者”、“合作者”、“协调者”和“督导者”的多重角色. 相似文献
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特殊儿童家长是特殊教育重要的资源,家长的意见对为特殊儿童提供合适的特殊教育服务意义重大。本次调查发现家长期望培养的能力与生活密切相关。由此得出启示,学校应以生活适应为核心课程,优化课程结构并以生活适应为核心能力开发校本教材。 相似文献
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目的:了解农村地区特殊儿童随班就读的政府支持、社区支持、家庭支持、学校支持以及随班就读学生自我支持等5大支持系统的现状及存在的问题,探讨解决问题的对策。方法:使用自编的问卷对某县教师、普通学生及其家长、随班就读学生及其家长等5种人群进行测试。结果:家庭与学校支持系统比较完善,政府经费支持力度较好,社区支持力度不够,随班就读学生自我预期不佳。结论:政府支持需要加大宣传力度,学校支持系统中的资源教室和资源教师提升的空间较大,社区支持需加强。 相似文献
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Megan Tones Hitendra Pillay Subhas Chandra Jennifer Duke Rukh Mani Joseph 《International Journal of Disability, Development & Education》2017,64(5):497-513
This article reports on a multi-method study of the ways in which special and mainstream schools support the educational needs of children with disabilities in Fiji. The aims of the study were: (1) to identify capacity and functions of special schools to support inclusive mainstream schools for children with disabilities; and (2) to explore the capacity of mainstream disability-inclusive schools in meeting the needs of children with disabilities. Results from the special education survey indicated that type of disability, geographic location and controlling authority were associated with transition to mainstream education. Findings from the action research study suggest that supportive school leadership and positive attitudes towards disability and inclusion contribute to greater mobilisation of supporting resources. However, limitations in facilities and resources currently pose barriers which prevent inclusion for all students with disabilities. Together, these findings indicate that special and inclusive mainstream schools jointly support disability-inclusive education in Fiji. 相似文献
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《British Educational Research Journal》2003,29(5):731-747
Abstract The article considers the perceived prevalence of special educational needs in English primary schools and changes in this prevalence over two decades and relates these to issues in education policy, teacher practice and the concept of special educational needs. The studies considered are two major surveys of schools and teachers, the first conducted in 1981 and the second conducted in the same schools in 1998. Important features of both studies were their scale and the exceptionally high response rates achieved. Two central findings were the perception of teachers that special educational needs were widespread and of an increase in special educational needs over time: perceived levels of special educational needs were one in five children in 1981, which had risen to one in four children in 1998. Learning difficulties were by far the most common aspects of special educational needs but many children had multiple difficulties, and behavioural difficulties were seen by teachers as the main barriers to inclusion. The very high figures for prevalence raise questions about the continued usefulness of the concept of special educational need distinct from broader issues of achievement. 相似文献
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FAREO Dorcas Oluremi OJO Olakunbi Olubukola 《Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs》2013,13(2):159-167
Facilities have a great impact on academic performances of students, and inadequate facilities translate to poor performance. The study examined the availability and convenience of the facilities that were provided to students with special educational needs in mainstreamed schools. It ascertained the qualifications of teachers teaching in mainstreamed public secondary schools. It determined the relationship between availability of facilities and academic performance of students with special educational needs; and also compared the academic performance of male and female students with special educational needs. The results showed that essential facilities and materials like hand railings, hearing aids, Braille, instructional materials, and lower toilets were not available, although the few that were available (typewriters, resource rooms, wheel chairs) were in poor condition. The study showed that specialist teachers were inadequate in mainstreamed public schools in Southwestern Nigeria. There was a significant relationship between availability of facilities and academic performance of students with special educational needs. However, there was no significant difference between the academic performance of male and female students with special educational needs. The study concluded that inadequate provision of facilities and materials to mainstreamed public schools would lead to poor academic performances of students with special educational needs. Finally, adequate funding of integrated schools would help to overcome the problem of provision and maintenance of special equipment and materials for the use of students with special educational needs. 相似文献