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1.
从制度的视角出发,认为博士研究生教育质量保障机制具有稳定性、普适性、适应性的制度属性.指出我国博士研究生教育质量保障机制中存在着资格类质量保障制度和流程类质量保障制度不够健全的现实问题.在实践中,从选拔制度、激励制度与评价制度三方面出发,完善以科学研究为主导的、以导师负责制和资助制为核心的博士研究生培养机制,成为构建我国博士研究生质量保障机制的必然选择. 相似文献
2.
随着知识生产模式的转型和博士生教育规模的扩张,博士质量评价的视角逐渐由单一的学术标准向多维度的标准转变.学术逻辑和应用逻辑的冲突交合,学科建制的独立性与跨学科发展的现实需求,以及评价制度学术指标化与利益相关者诉求效益化的矛盾,形成了博士教育质量评价导向的互构逻辑."双一流"建设战略的实施,博士教育在制度供给、宏观环境、资源支持上发生了重大变化,多重因素的互动构成了博士教育质量改革新的动力机制.在博士教育由"供给驱动"转向"需求驱动"的发展背景下,迫切需要加强博士生培养过程的管理,推进博士生的跨学科培养,完善博士生分类培养模式,以实现质量与规模的同频共振. 相似文献
3.
我国高校博士教育扩散、博士质量分布与质量保障:制度主义视角 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
郭建如 《北京大学教育评论》2009,7(2):21-46
本文针对我国高校博士教育扩散、博士质量分布与博士质量保障问题从组织分析新制度主义视角进行了探讨,认为我国的博士教育是源自西方的大学制度在全球扩散的一部分,博士教育的扩散过程、扩散特点对博士质量在高教系统的分布和质量保障有着重要影响;文章指出,博士质量标准的模糊性、博士训练过程的复杂性、多样性与不确定性使得对博士质量的判断更多地依据培养单位所拥有的制度元素和制度形式与全球标准的符合程度;博士教育制度通过对资格、程序和结果的控制,对外解释博士教育过程,缓解外部压力,保护"技术内核",对内则起着引导、规范和制约博士教育实践活动的作用;但博士教育制度符号系统的混乱以及博士教育制度某些象征功能的过分强化也会损及博士学术训练的内在过程。因此,在加强博士制度建设时应注意维护制度外壳与技术内核的平衡。 相似文献
4.
教育博士的定位与培养问题是我国研究生培养过程中必须面对的重要问题。目前,我国教育博士在培养目标、课程实施及考核评价等方面存在不同程度的问题,成为制约教育博士发展的障碍。针对问题,应从培养实践性的专业研究人员、提高研究素质和专业研究能力、健全考核评价制度等方面来改革博士教育,以提高其教育质量。 相似文献
5.
王征 《学位与研究生教育》2016,(2):7-11
介绍了浙江大学工程博士教育在试点期间采取高标准选拔生源,精心设计培养过程,严格制定学位标准等措施,切实提升培养质量的做法,分析了工程博士教育在培养定位、校企合作、质量保障体系建设、体系衔接等方面存在的问题,并从制度视角提出了推动工程博士教育改革的政策建议。 相似文献
6.
博士质量观及其差异性的实证分析——基于全国所有博士培养单位的调查 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
从不同的角度出发,人们对博士培养质量的评价标准,即所持的质量观,主要可以归纳为学术成果导向的质量观、职业导向的质量观、学术训练导向的质量观和效益导向的质量观。文章通过实证研究发现,在评价博士质量时,受教育者（博士生和毕业博士）与和教育者（博士生导师和研究生教育负责人）普遍高度重视博士生的创新能力和科研能力,但对博士生相关学科知识和学位论文质量重要性的认识存在明显差异。同时,不同学科博士生和博士生导师对学位论文质量的重视程度也存在明显的差异。 相似文献
7.
扈国栋等 《学位与研究生教育》2014,(7):56-60
遵循高等教育评价指标体系建立的一般原则,突出全面性、针对性、量化性、易操作性、诊断性,运用专家咨询、因子分析、问卷调查等方法,建立以学科带头人和学术骨干为导向的评价指标体系。通过在部分毕业生中的实证应用,从毕业生群体和用人单位的视角评价临床医学博士质量,发现军医大学博士生培养中存在的具体问题,如临床能力发展不均衡、临床科研能力表现不足、人文素养有欠缺等问题,为不断完善培养目标、改革培养模式、提高培养质量提供了参考和依据。通过实证研究,也获得了许多进一步完善评价指标体系的具体意见和建议。 相似文献
8.
博士研究生教育评估的探究与思考——中美比较的视角 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
博士研究生教育是高等教育的最高层次,其质量是衡量一个国家高等教育发达程度和文化科学发展水平的一个重要标志。为了保证博士生的培养质量．中美两国主要通过学分要求、考核制度和学位论文来对学生进行评估。文章从上述三个方面对中美两国博士生教育评估进行了比较,以为我国博士生培养质量的提高提供借鉴。 相似文献
9.
跨学科博士教育旨在提高博士教育质量,目前围绕质量问题至少存在三方面的争论:是否提高博士的创新能力、是否促进交叉学科发展、是否提高学生发展质量。厘清质量争论的原因,构建整合标准视角下的跨学科博士培养机制是提升质量的根本。 相似文献
10.
从场域理论视角看,教育博士应该如何发展定位与培养呢？文章首先阐释场域理论及高等教育场域。其次,从哲学逻辑、权力逻辑和行动逻辑三个方面揭示教育博士专业学位的内在逻辑性。最后,就我国现实的教育博士发展定位与培养提出一些思考与建议。 相似文献
11.
赵世奎 《北京大学教育评论》2009,7(2):60-66
博士生导师身份特征对博士培养质量的评价存在显著影响,博士生导师国外学习(工作)的时间越长,对博士培养质量现状和变化趋势的总体评价越低;博士生导师年龄越大,对博士培养质量现状和变化趋势的总体评价越高。 相似文献
12.
哈佛大学教育博士专业学位改革对世界各国教育博士培养具有引领和带动作用。在回应专业博士教育社会质疑、弥补哲学博士教育长期缺失双重需要推动下,哈佛大学对教育博士学位培养进行了大刀阔斧改革:撤销原教育博士学位(Ed.D.)、新设教育领导博士学位(Ed.L.D.)、创设教育哲学博士学位(Ph.D.),形成了两种博士学位并存共生新格局。从培养模式比较看,专业博士回归“实践”属性,教育哲学博士凸显“学术性”特点,且两者均高度重视跨学科教育和培养质量提升。我国培养教育博士起步较晚,具有较大发展空间,可借鉴哈佛大学经验教训,积极推动教育博士培养模式改革,更好地满足国家经济社会和教育事业发展需要。 相似文献
13.
当代博士生培养质量评价是对当代博士生培养活动及其效果优劣程度进行综合评判,它集中体现于博士学位获得者原创性知识贡献评价、学术研究素养评价和对就业市场的适应性评价三个方面。以知识生产模式转型为背景来观照当代博士生培养质量评价,就是强调用知识生产模式转型中的知识创新思想、学术训练要求和博士生对就业市场的适应性标准来评价博士生培养质量,优化博士生培养质量评价模式与机制,使当代博士生培养质量评价的视角、内容、制度等与知识生产模式转型的要求相适应。 相似文献
14.
美国教育博士专业学位教育与教育哲学博士学位教育的趋同问题由来已久。关于教育博士研究生该不该像教育哲学博士研究生那样撰写传统博士论文,一直聚讼不休。目前越来越多的大学认为传统博士论文不适于或者至少不能充分展现教育专业人员应掌握的专业知识和技能,并尝试用专题博士论文、项目研究、顶岗实习等新型毕业环节取而代之,以便突显教育博士专业学位教育的特点。 相似文献
15.
ANDREAS ÖNNERFORS 《European Journal of Education》2007,42(3):321-333
There is no doubt that what is generally referred to as 'Ph.D education' has undergone dramatic changes in Europe in recent years. Whereas the Bologna Process, launched in 1999, originally had in mind to make it easier for undergraduate students to gain international experience and enhance their employability by facilitating mobility and transparency of higher education in Europe, the idea of a 'third cycle' of doctoral studies came relatively late in the discussion (2003). For some academic cultures, the idea of educating doctoral students was and still is perceived as a threat against academic freedom, originality and credibility. Other academic cultures have already long adopted Ph.D training schemes as an integrated part of training future scientists and knowledge workers. This article presents the result of a recent survey on Ph.D training in the Nordic-Baltic Area (Andreas Önnerfors: 'Ph.D-training/PGT in the Nordic-Baltic Area', Exploring the North: papers in Scandinavian Culture and Society 2006:1, Lund 2006) initiated by the Nordic research organisation NordForsk, which discusses new concepts of doctoral education and training in the five Nordic and the three Baltic countries as well as in Russia, Poland and three northern states of the Federal Republic of Germany. Whereas there is great correspondence in the performance of doctoral training and education in the Nordic countries and changes have been introduced permanently for about 30 years, Poland, Germany and Russia are battling with their academic traditions and the challenge of adapting their academic cultures to joint European standards. This concerns especially the phenomenon of two postgraduate degrees (the Ph.D and a further degree) and the view upon training elements in doctoral studies. After their independence, the three Baltic countries rapidly adapted their systems of higher education to the Nordic model. 相似文献
16.
Dr. Bradley C. Courtenay 《Innovative Higher Education》1988,13(1):11-20
This article argues that despite an absence of distinctions in implementation, there are perceived and actual differences between the Ed.D. and Ph.D. degrees in education. Failure to make the distinctions in administering the degrees has caused confusion among faculty in other fields and within graduate schools. The article suggests that all doctoral degrees in education be changed to the Ph.D. with two tracks-one for scholars of practice and one for scholarly practitioners.In addition to his professional interests in administration and program development, he teaches and conducts research in educational gerontology and instructional methods. This article describes the dilemma of having two doctoral degrees in the field of education. The Ph.D. degree with two tracks is suggested as the solution. 相似文献
17.
The Ph.D. versus the Ed.D.: Time for a decision 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
In this study, U.S. institutions that offer doctoral programs in education were surveyed and institutional catalogues of the past decade were reviewed to determine trends regarding the Ph.D. versus the Ed.D. Results of the study showed that (a) there is no clear institutional movement toward one degree title or the other; (b) research universities are increasingly reluctant and comprehensive colleges and universities are increasingly likely to offer the Ed.D. as their only doctoral degree title, and (c) requirements for the two doctoral titles are remarkably similar, including competencies in research and statistics. Findings are discussed in relation to three common positions of those who favor the Ed.D. over the Ph.D.: (a) the professional school argument, (b) the unification argument, and (c) the autonomy argument. The article concludes with a call for increased national dialogue to strengthen the education profession by reducing confusion between its two doctoral degree titles.Russell T. Osguthorpe, Associate Dean of Brigham Young University's College of Education, has done research in special education, instructional design and technology, and teacher education. He is presently responsible for graduate programs, research, and technology in the College. Dr. Osguthorpe received his education at Brigham Young University. Mei Jiuan Wong, a doctoral candidate in the Department of Instructional Science, Brigham Young University, has done research on instructional design and technology and teacher education. She is currently completing her dissertation on decision making in instructional design. 相似文献
18.
The study examines the changing nature of doctoral study in higher education in the context of significant global changes in higher education. From its origins with Humboldt, the trajectory of doctoral study is traced through the traditional Ph.D, the extended 'American model', to the professional doctorate. A university case study charts how these global changes impacted on a specific UK university as it attempted to position itself in the changing market for doctoral study. 相似文献
19.
The emergence of doctoral programmes in the Colombian higher education system: Trends and challenges
The international literature contains few formal analyses of the state of Colombian higher education and its most critical issues. This article systematically and comparatively analyzes the emergence of Colombian doctoral programmes within a national and international context. It shows that, while Colombia has experienced a significant growth in the number of Ph.D. graduates per million people over the last decade, it continues to lag behind other Latin American countries. Further, it is critical for Colombia to increase funding for doctoral training, both by increasing the number of scholarships for graduate studies and by improving the mobility of researchers and strengthening the infrastructure of doctoral programmes. Increasing its numbers of Ph.D. holders is vital if Colombia is to succeed in entering the knowledge-based economy. 相似文献
20.
Doctoring the knowledge worker 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
Mark Tennant 《Studies in Continuing Education》2013,35(3):431-441
In this paper I examine the impact of the new ‘knowledge economy’ on contemporary doctoral education. I argue that the knowledge economy promotes a view of knowledge and knowledge workers that fundamentally challenges the idea of a university as a community of autonomous scholars transmitting and adding to society's ‘stock of knowledge’. The paper examines and then dismisses the proposition that professional doctorates are the principal vehicle through which ‘working knowledge’ is incorporated into doctoral education. While professional doctorates may have been tactically useful for universities, there are broader transformations in doctoral education that transcend the professional doctorate/Ph.D. distinction. I argue that as doctoral education adopts the practices of ‘self’ pertinent to the knowledge economy, the ‘subject’ of doctoral education shifts from that of the ‘autonomous student’ to that of the ‘enterprising self’. 相似文献