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1.
Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to review the published opinions of coaches and the findings of scientists concerning the techniques used in the triple jump, and to identify promising avenues for future research on the subject. A model is developed to identify those factors that have a causal role in determining the official distance of a triple jump. This model is then used as a basis for the subsequent review. The review itself considers each of the biomechanical factors identified in the model, some additional factors reported in the literature, and selected characteristics of triple jumping techniques. It is concluded that research on triple jump techniques has been sparse and has had little impact on practice. Identification of the individual attributes that determine the optimum ratio of the phase distances for a given athlete, the loads to which the supporting legs are subjected and the control of balance during a triple jump are seen as challenging and potentially useful topics of future research.  相似文献   

2.
速度素质在现代三级跳远中的重要作用   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
运用文献资料的分析方法,对速度素质在现代三级跳远中的作用进行了研究.结果认为,在现代三级跳远中,助跑速度不但对提高运动成绩起决定性的作用,同时也是影响运动员采用何种技术类型的主要因素之一.减少三跳中的速度损失率体现了现代三级跳远技术的灵魂,更是现代三级跳远技术发展趋势的重要特征.  相似文献   

3.
通过对第29届北京奥运会男子三级跳远前12名运动员的跳远成绩、踏板成绩及三跳成绩(单足跳、跨步跳、跳跃)进行探索研究,揭示运动员在比赛过程中成绩创造的变化规律。为今后运动员和教练员更好地掌握三级跳远运动训练和比赛的技术技巧提供科学依据。  相似文献   

4.
重新审度“三级跳远的极值与各跳最佳组合”的研究方法   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
王炳彝  李实 《体育科学》1993,13(4):83-86
本文根据三级跳远的技术和三跳相互间的约束特点,运用逐步回归方法建立了世界水平三级跳远成绩与三跳远度的非线性最佳数学模型,并得出不同水平的三跳最佳组合与最大远度的关系。同时,分析了各跳对三级跳远成绩的影响,为指导不同水平的三级跳远训练制定了控制模式。  相似文献   

5.
小肌群训练作为三级跳远运动员最重要的体能训练手段之一,对运动员专项竞技能力的提高具有重要意义。传统三级跳远运动员小肌群训练在安排上具有相对集中的特点。随着对三级跳远运动员专项竞技需要认识的加深,其小肌群训练计划安排的密度、与其它训练因素的组合方式等方面都发生了明显的变化。目前我国高水平三级跳远教练员已经将全新的分散安排模式应用于小肌群训练实践,并取得了较好的训练效果。为分散安排模式小肌群训练的成功应用找到相关理论依据是当前三级跳远理论研究领域中亟待解决的问题。  相似文献   

6.
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of selected factors on horizontal-to-vertical velocity conversion in the triple jump. An understanding of this conversion is important not only for studies on the techniques of the triple jump, but also for other jumping events. Ten elite jumpers were studied. Three-dimensional kinematic data were collected for at least four complete trials in the same competition for each athlete. The loss in horizontal velocity and the gain in vertical velocity during each support phase were calculated for each trial. The loss in horizontal velocity was found to be a linear function of the gain in vertical velocity. The slope of this linear function, A1, is referred to as the horizontal-to-vertical velocity conversion coefficient. The loss in horizontal velocity increased as the gain in vertical velocity increased. The sensitivity of the loss in horizontal velocity to the gain in vertical velocity increased as the magnitude of A1 increased. Further studies are required on the optimum techniques of the triple jump.  相似文献   

7.
男子三级跳远运动员助跑速度及三跳的技术分析   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
三级跳远的助跑速度及三跳技术是决定三级跳远成绩的主要因素,而提高助跑速度,减少三跳水平速度的损耗是三跳技术的重要指标。如果充分利用助跑速度和水平整度是提高成绩的关键。  相似文献   

8.
运用文献资料法、调查访问法、高速摄影、光电测速、数理统计等研究方法 ,以揭示目前我国优秀女子三级跳运动员水平速度的损失及利用状况。指出三级跳远成绩与各跳水平速度高度相关 ,其三跳水平速度损失之和是衡量技术优劣的一个重要指标  相似文献   

9.
运用CitespaceV软件,对Web of Science核心合集数据库收录的主题为“Triple Jump”的期刊文献,进行可视化分析。研究表明:在国际范围内,美国最为关注三级跳远项目的研究,而英格兰、意大利在三级跳远研究领域具有较高的影响力。国外三级跳远项目研究热点主要为提升运动表现、生物力学分析、运动损伤与康复等。2004-2020年期间,三级跳远项目没有出现明显的研究分支与阶段划分,研究始终围绕着提升运动表现、运动损伤康复等基本内容展开。  相似文献   

10.
Abstract

Phase ratio is a measure of effort distribution in the triple jump. Hop-dominant, balanced, and jump-dominant techniques were three triple jump techniques defined based on phase ratio. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the phase ratio on the performance of the triple jump. Three-dimensional kinematic data of 13 elite male triple jumpers were obtained during a competition. Computer simulations were performed using a biomechanical model of the triple jump to optimise the phase ratio for the longest actual distance using each of the three techniques for a given athlete with altered velocity conversion coefficients. The velocity conversion coefficient affected which technique achieved the longest actual distance. The actual distance obtained using the hop-dominant technique was significantly longer than that obtained using the other two techniques (P = 0.007, P = 0.001) when the velocity coefficient was between 0.35 and 0.55. The actual distance obtained using the jump-dominant technique was significantly longer than that obtained using the other two techniques (P = 0.001, P = 0.002) when the velocity coefficient was between 0.80 and 1.30. No consistent optimum technique across participants and no significant difference in performance among the three techniques were found (P > 0.524) when the velocity coefficient was between 0.60 and 0.75.  相似文献   

11.
影响三级跳远运动成绩主要训练因素的层次模型研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
本文用层次分析法对影响三级跳远运动成绩的训练学因素进行了研究,建立了层次分析模型,通过灰色关联方法验证了模型的科学性,为三级跳远教练员进行训练提供参考依据  相似文献   

12.
女子三级跳远三跳起跳技术的生物力学评价   总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10  
本文建立了一个适合于评价三级跳远技术水平的系统评价框图,并根据这个框图设计了一个决定三级跳远效果的生物力学参数系统。利用这个系统分析和评价了当代女子三级跳远亚洲纪录保持者李惠荣的三级跳远技术(所用技术影片是在1989年全国田径冠军赛上用LOCAM型高速摄影机以每秒100幅的速度扫描拍摄的),并通过与男子三级跳远运动员的技术特征的比较,找出了其技术上的优势和不足,并就如何改进和完善其三跳技术提出了一份系统而直观的研究报告。同时为女子三级跳远的再研究提供了可供借鉴的研究方法。  相似文献   

13.
研究认为,速度型三级跳远技术成为现在和未来发展的必然趋势。其训练应围绕着以速度为核心,以减少水平速度的损失为前提,缩短第一跳,加大第三跳。  相似文献   

14.
恒大女排作为首家真正职业化的排球俱乐部,3年时间实现三级跳,成为中国排球联赛推行职业化后继上海、八一、天津和辽宁后的第5支冠军球队。恒大在中国体坛创造了一种现象——巨大的投入,豪华的阵容,丰厚的酬劳,完美的回报。其经营模式、组队方针、技战术打法、球队管理等都有别于其他球队。研究"恒大女排现象"背后的因素,对于积极探索我国排球俱乐部联赛职业化运作具有一定的参考价值。  相似文献   

15.
杨小坚 《体育科技》2002,23(1):24-26
随着三级跳远运动的发展和人们对其认识水平的提高 ,技术和成绩间的相关因素愈显密切和重要 ,因此 ,探讨三级跳远技术相关的因素 ,研究问题成因所在 ,有助于对三级跳远技术理论更全面、深入的理解和认识。  相似文献   

16.
本文采用文献资料法、数理统计法及归纳分析对比法等方法,分析了国内外女子三级跳远的发展现状,并对我国女子运动员主要技术问题进行研究探讨,结果显示我国女子运动员助跑速度较慢、速度利用率不高、大都采用了平衡式技术为我国女子三级跳远存在的主要问题,并提出相应的建议,以期对我国女子三级跳远今后的发展和训练提供一些理论参考。  相似文献   

17.
通过查阅大量国内外有关跳远技术方面的文献资料,从跳远助跑、起跳两个较为重要的环节入手,系统地整理和分析了国内外跳远技术研究的现状及其研究成果,为教练员从事跳远技术的训练工作提供一定的理论指导.  相似文献   

18.
A number of studies have pointed to a plateauing of athletic performance, with the suggestion that further improvements will need to be driven by revolutions in technology or technique. In the present study, we examine post-war men's Olympic performance in jumping events (pole vault, long jump, high jump, triple jump) to determine whether performance has indeed plateaued and to present techniques, derived from models of human growth, for assessing the impact of technological and technical innovation over time (logistic and double logistic models of growth). Significantly, two of the events involve well-documented changes in technology (pole material in pole vault) or technique (the Fosbury Flop in high jump), while the other two do not. We find that in all four cases, performance appears to have plateaued and that no further "general" improvement should be expected. In the case of high jump, the double logistic model provides a convenient method for modelling and quantifying a performance intervention (in this case the Fosbury Flop). However, some shortcomings are revealed for pole vault, where evolutionary post-war improvements and innovation (fibre glass poles) were concurrent, preventing their separate identification in the model. In all four events, it is argued that further general growth in performance will indeed need to rely predominantly on technological or technical innovation.  相似文献   

19.
采用文献资料法、数理统计法、逻辑方法等,对本选题进行系统研究。结果显示———世界三级跳远技术发展经历了五个阶段:(1)自由发展阶段;(2)以单足跳为主的技术;(3)平跳型技术;(4)以跳跃为主的技术;(5)以速度为基础的跳跃为主的综合型技术。  相似文献   

20.
采用高速摄影与影片解析、数理统计等研究方法,对参加全国田径冠军赛暨大奖总决赛女子三级跳远决赛的6名优秀运动员第二跳起跳腿缓冲与蹬伸技术指标进行运动学分析,并与国外优秀三级跳远运动员的相关参数比较研究,旨在诊断我国女子三级跳远运动员的技术现状及存在问题,指导和改进我国女子三级跳远的技术训练,为加强教学、训练的科学化程度提供参考与依据.  相似文献   

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