共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 109 毫秒
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世界优秀女子短跑运动员200m速度分配的特征分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
运用献资料法和数理统计法，对世界优秀女子短跑运动员200m分段速度的特征及速度分配与成绩的关系进行了分析。结果表明：50～100m分段速度最快；最快与最慢速度之间，前后100m成绩之间的差值越小，成绩越好。 相似文献
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男子400m跑速度分配的特征研究 总被引：14，自引：1，他引：13
运用文献资料法和数理统计法,对参加1997 年世界田径锦标赛男子400 m 跑决赛的8 名运动员分段速度的特征与成绩的关系进行了分析。结果表明,最快分段速度与最慢分段速度之间、前200 m 成绩与后200 m 成绩之间的差距越小,成绩越好 相似文献
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400 m跑竞赛成绩与100 m跑分段相应速度回归分析 总被引：11，自引：2，他引：9
收集、整理了世界28名优秀的400 m跑运动员的竞赛成绩及100 m分段速度等相关资料,并以其为研究对象和研究样本,运用数理统计学的相关、多元回归等方法进行了定量分析,初步探明了400 m竞赛成绩与各分段速度之间的相关关系,建立了400 m竞赛成绩与各段速度的回归方程,制定了400 m跑竞赛各分段相应速度表. 相似文献
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戴勇 《山东体育学院学报》2008,24(8)
对世界优秀男子400m运动员速度参数进行统计处理与比较分析,结果表明：最快分段速度与400m成绩不存在显著性相关,而与其它重要速度指标的关系,具有此消彼长的特征;如果阶段速度的优势无法带来整体速度的优势,反而带来对后程速度诸多的负面影响而造成最快分段速度的利用率降低,那么阶段速度的优势对成绩的贡献在一定程度上将失去意义;合理控制最快分段速度,有效提高全程最快分段速度利用率,保持全程速度的相对平稳性,才是发挥速度水平的重要保证。 相似文献
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对世界优秀选手赛跑中疲劳系数的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以文献资料和数理统计法为基础，对参加过第1至7届世界田径锦标赛100m、200m、400m、800m半决赛和决赛的前8名共计916名男女优秀选手的成绩进行了统计分析与研究。疲劳系数的概念为：赛跑选手跑100m速度与跑200m速度之间存在着时间差，跑200m速度与跑400m的速度之间也存在着时间差，跑400m与跑800m的速度之间。 相似文献
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罗跃兵 《武汉体育学院学报》1992,(4)
1 前言当今世界体育强国的100m跑提高较快,我国女子100m跑水平虽有较大的进步,但与世界水平相比有较大差距.研究分析国内外优秀女子短跑技术的发展趋向,为稳步提高我国女子100m跑成绩有一定现实意义.本文将用科学理论,对照统计材料与个人短跑实践,着重从影响100m跑成绩的两个因素,步频与步长变化,谈提高我国女子100m跑运动员速度的训练.2 理论概述与分析2.1 速度是步频、步长两个因素的结合,然而速度的增长或减慢是取决于这两个因素(或其中一个)的变化.从100m跑成绩与步频、步长变化的数学公式:百米成绩=100m/(步频×步长)可 相似文献
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对近20年世界女子100m跑成绩演变和1997年田径世锦赛女子100m跑成绩数据(100m各段落跑速、步长、步频、步数)进行了分析，结果认为，世界女子100m短跑优秀运动员成绩近20年稳步提高，平均最高速度的产生段落在50～60m之间，即起跑后6～7s，速度下降发生在90～100m，下降幅度达到6．18％；在冲刺阶段，大部分运动员步幅增大至最高水平，步频和步长呈高度负相关，年龄与步长呈高度正相关，最高速度在很大程度上决定着100m跑成绩。 相似文献
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世界优秀100m短跑运动员的速度特征 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
使用激光测速仪(LAVEG SPORT)在1996 年奥运会和1997 年世界田径锦标赛上对参加100 m 短跑比赛的世界优秀运动员进行了全程速度测量。对所测得的数据进行处理,比较了不同水平组男、女运动员速度参数之间的差异;对运动成绩与速度参数之间的关系进行了相关分析;对运动员成绩的速度参数特点进行了对比分析。所得到的结果可帮助教练员和运动员进一步深入地认识短跑的速度特征 相似文献
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Liebenberg J Scharf J Forrest D Dufek JS Masumoto K Mercer JA 《Journal of sports sciences》2011,29(2):207-214
The aim of this study was to investigate how lower extremity muscles are influenced by body weight support during running at different speeds. Nine participants (age 24 ± 2 years, height 1.75 ± 0.12 m, mass 73.5 ± 15.7 kg) ran at 100%, 115%, and 125% of preferred speed at 100%, 90%, 80%, 70%, and 60% of body weight on a treadmill that provided body weight support. Preferred speed was self-selected by each participant and represented a speed that he or she could sustain if going for a 30 min run. Electromyography (EMG) data were recorded (1000 Hz, 1 min) from the bicep femoris, rectus femoris, tibialis anterior, and gastrocnemius for each condition together with knee angle (electrogoniometer). Average and root mean square EMG were calculated across 30 s. Muscle patterns were determined by smoothing (low-pass filter, 4 Hz) and extracting patterns for 49 cycles defined by consecutive maximum knee flexion angles. Repeated-measures analyses of variance were used to compare average and root mean square across body weight and speeds. Correlations were computed between the 100% speed/100% body weight condition and all other conditions per muscle. There was no interaction between body weight and speed (P > 0.05). Average and root mean square decreased as body weight decreased for all muscles (P < 0.05) and increased across speeds for all muscles (P < 0.05). Correlations for all muscles between conditions were high (range: 0.921-0.999). Although a percent reduction in body weight did not lead to the same reduction in muscle activity, it was clear that reducing body weight leads to a reduction in muscle activity with no changes in muscle activity patterns. 相似文献
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In this study, we examined aspects of the 4 x 100 m relay that are amenable to mathematical analysis. We looked at factors that affect the time required to complete the relay, focusing on the performance of elite male athletes. Factors over which the individual athletes, and the team coach, can exercise some control are: the starting positions of the runners on legs 2, 3 and 4, the positions at which baton exchanges occur, the free distances at the baton exchanges and the running order of the athletes. The lane draw is shown to have an important influence on the relay time, although it is outside the control of the team coach. Teams drawn in the outside lanes benefit from the inverse relation between bend radius of curvature and running speed. For teams composed of athletes with different times over 100 m, we show that the fastest relay times are achieved with the fastest athlete taking the first leg, with the slowest two runners allocated to the final two legs. 相似文献
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In this study, we examined aspects of the 4 2 100 m relay that are amenable to mathematical analysis. We looked at factors that affect the time required to complete the relay, focusing on the performance of elite male athletes. Factors over which the individual athletes, and the team coach, can exercise some control are: the starting positions of the runners on legs 2, 3 and 4, the positions at which baton exchanges occur, the free distances at the baton exchanges and the running order of the athletes. The lane draw is shown to have an important influence on the relay time, although it is outside the control of the team coach. Teams drawn in the outside lanes benefit from the inverse relation between bend radius of curvature and running speed. For teams composed of athletes with different times over 100 m, we show that the fastest relay times are achieved with the fastest athlete taking the first leg, with the slowest two runners allocated to the final two legs. 相似文献
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世界优秀男子110m栏运动员身体形态特征与运动成绩分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过对世界优秀男子l10m栏运动员速度、时间参数的统计处理与分析。表明最大栏间速度是决定成绩的关键因素;世界优秀110m栏运动员具有发挥速度快,加速能力强的特点:栏间速度变化均匀,节奏平稳是世界优秀运动员的一个显著特点;从分段时间看,影响成绩的关键区域是第2和第3跑段。 相似文献
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Themistoklis Tsatalas Giannis Spyropoulos Vasileios Sideris Savvas Lazaridis Christos Kotzamanidis 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(3):288-298
Abstract This study investigated the effects of knee localised muscle damage on running kinematics at varying speeds. Nineteen young women (23.2 ± 2.8 years; 164 ± 8 cm; 53.6 ± 5.4 kg), performed a maximal eccentric muscle damage protocol (5 × 15) of the knee extensors and flexors of both legs at 60 rad · s-1. Lower body kinematics was assessed during level running on a treadmill at three speeds pre- and 48 h after. Evaluated muscle damage indices included isometric torque, muscle soreness and serum creatine kinase activity. The results revealed that all indices changed significantly after exercise, indicating muscle injury. Step length decreased and stride frequency significantly increased 48 h post-exercise only at the fastest running speed (3 m · s-1). Support time and knee flexion at toe-off increased only at the preferred transition speed and 2.5 m · s-1. Knee flexion at foot contact, pelvic tilt and obliquity significantly increased, whereas hip extension during stance-phase, knee flexion during swing-phase, as well as knee and ankle joints range of motion significantly decreased 48 h post-exercise at all speeds. In conclusion, the effects of eccentric exercise of both knee extensors and flexors on particular tempo-spatial parameters and knee kinematics of running are speed-dependent. However, several pelvic and lower joint kinematics present similar behaviour at the three running speeds examined. These findings provide new insights into how running kinematics at different speeds are adapted to compensate for the impaired function of the knee musculature following muscle damage. 相似文献
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Loock N Du Toit DE Ventner DJ Stretch RA 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2006,5(1):15-22
The aim of this study was to compare a batsman's running and turning speed during three runs while wearing either traditional batting pads or one of two models of newly designed cricket batting pads. Fifteen cricketers participated. The running and turning speeds were measured on three different days with players using the three pairs of batting pads for each trial in random order. The weights of the pads were 1.85 kg, 1.70 kg and 1.30 kg for P1, P2 and P3 respectively. Each player had to run three runs (3 x 17.68m), with the times recorded at the completion of each run, as well as the time to cover the distance from 5 m before and after the turn at the end of the first run. The fastest time from two trials for each pair of pads was retained for analysis. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures was used to determine the differences between the mean times of the three trials. The results showed no significant differences between the types of batting pads and the time to complete the run-three-runs test (P1 = 10.67 +/- 0.48 s; P2 = 10.67 +/- 0.43; P3 = 10.69 +/- 0.44 s), the turning time (P1 = 2.34 +/- 0.18 s; P2 = 2.32 +/- 0.18 s; P3 = 2.35 +/- 0.19 s) and to complete the third run (P1 = 3.49 +/- 0.44 s; P2 = 3.53 +/- 0.34 s; P3 = 3.51 +/- 0.36 s). Of the 45 trials of three runs used for analysis, P1 recorded the fastest time on 16 trials (36%), P2 on 19 trials (42%) and P3 on 10 trials (22%). The results showed no significant differences in the running or turning speeds, although there may be some practical relevance to using the newly designed cricket batting pads. 相似文献
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Andrew Post David Koncan Marshall Kendall Janie Cournoyer J. Michio Clark Gabrielle Kosziwka Wesley Chen Santiago de Grau Amezcua T. Blaine Hoshizaki 《Sports Engineering》2018,21(3):235-241
Determining an athlete’s speed from broadcast video is a common practice in sport. Many software packages that perform data extraction from video files are expensive; however, open source software is also available, but lacks published validation for speed measurements. The purpose of this research was to examine the error of speed measurements extracted from video during an ice hockey skating exercise using open source software. The subject completed four exercises, at two speeds recorded by broadcast cameras set at five angles. The speeds from the broadcast cameras were compared to speeds calculated from a high-speed camera placed orthogonally to the exercise. Speeds from the broadcast cameras correlated well with the high-speed video for motion more than 12 m away from the broadcast camera. When comparing all the measured speeds, no significant difference was found between the speeds calculated by the high-speed camera (slow: 4.46 m/s ± 0.2; fast: 7.2 m/s ± 0.7) and the speed calculated from the broadcast cameras (slow: 4.50 m/s ± 0.4; fast: 7.34 m/s ± 0.6) (p > 0.05). The open source method was found to be less accurate when the athlete was close to (within 12 m of camera position) or moving directly toward the broadcast cameras. 相似文献
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Frantisek Vaverka Miroslav Cernosek 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2016,15(1):48-60
A method is presented for assessing the serve speeds of tennis players based on their body height. The research involved a sample of top world players (221 males and 215 females) who participated in the Grand Slam tournaments in 2008 and 2012. The method is based on the linear regression analysis of the association between the player’s body height and the serve speed (fastest serve, average first-serve, and second-serve speed). The coefficient of serve speed (CSS) was calculated as the quotient of the measured and the theoretical value of the serve speed on a regression line relative to the player’s body height. The CSS of >1, 1 and <1 indicate above-average, average, and below-average serve speeds, respectively, relative to the top world tennis players with the same body height. The CSS adds a new element to the already existing statistics about a tennis match, and provides additional information about the performance of tennis players. The CSS can be utilised e.g. for setting the target serve speed of a given player to achieve based on his/her body height, choosing the most appropriate match strategy against a particular player, and a long-term monitoring of the effectiveness of training focused on the serve speed. 相似文献