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本文运用Griliches-Jaffe知识生产函数，基于2003—2015年制造业分行业面板数据，利用投入产出方法测度与制造业各行业相匹配的外资科技服务使用指数，考察科技服务业FDI与制造业技术创新的关系。研究发现：科技服务业FDI显著提升了中国制造业创新能力，但其作用效果小于自主研发。从要素密集度来看，科技服务业FDI对非技术密集型制造业的创新促进作用高于技术密集型制造业；从持续性影响来看，科技服务业FDI的创新促进作用不仅体现在当期，还具有长期性和可持续性创新红利特征；从使用路径来看，科技服务业FDI“一步到位”式投入相比间接迂回式投入的创新效果更明显。此外，科技服务业FDI对国内制造业企业自主研发存在挤出效应，尤其体现在研发人力资本领域。研究发现可为我国高水平引进科技服务业外资、培育制造业创新发展新动能以及促进现代服务业与制造业深度融合提供参考。 相似文献
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作为全国制造业转型升级综合改革试点城市,佛山把创新驱动发展作为重要战略。通过构建技术创新绩效评价指标体系,通过因子分析消除投入产出指标间可能存在的强线性关系,采用超效率DEA模型对2016年、2017年佛山五区规模以上工业企业技术创新绩效进行评价。结果表明:实施创新驱动战略以来佛山创新绩效逐步提升;佛山规模以上工业企业技术创新绩效明显提升,相较而言,顺德需要进一步优化科技投入和产出。 相似文献
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我国装备制造业行业技术创新效率测度研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
技术创新是推动产业发展的动力,装备制造业的产业竞争力集中体现在其自主技术创新能力和创新效率上。本文采用多指标投入产出分析法和因子定权法等方法,对我国装备制造业7个子行业的技术创新效率进行了定量测度和排序分析,并得出了一些有价值的结论与建议。 相似文献
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《技术与创新管理》2015,(5)
企业创新能力的高低在一定程度上决定了企业的市场竞争力,研究企业创新能力可以了解企业的综合实力。通过构建基于创新基础、创新投入和创新产出三个一级指标的企业创新能力评价指标体系,并利用实数编码的加速遗传算法-投影寻踪分类模型(RAGA-PPC模型),对2013年上海市制造业上市公司进行创新能力实证分析。总体来看,上海市制造业上市公司创新能力相对较强的企业主要集中在几家大型制造业企业,涵盖了上海6大制造支柱产业,上市主板企业总体创新能力高于中小板和创业板。部分企业研发投入与产出不成比例,创新技术转化能力不足,企业经营不善,企业发展动荡不稳,都会影响企业综合创新能力。政府应加强对中小企业的扶持力度,促进中小企业技术创新,提高制造业企业总体创新能力。 相似文献
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郭兵 《科学学与科学技术管理》2014,(5):64-71
随着产业转型升级的加快推进,中低技术制造业的科技创新问题引起学者和政府的重视。用科技投入指标代替RD指标,设置技术改造与引进相关指标,采用改进超效率DEA模型对上海中低技术制造业分行业技术创新效率进行测算,并引入松弛变量分析探讨存在效率差异的深层次原因。研究表明:行业技术创新投入效率差异明显但多为有效单元,只有饮料制造业、塑料制品业和有色金属冶炼及压延加工业为无效单元;技术创新效率低与投入产出结构有较大关系。根据研究结论,提出提高中低技术制造业技术创新效率的相关政策建议。 相似文献
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随着科技的发展,制造业正在朝着更加先进的高技术制造模式迈进,高技术制造模式成为抢占未来竞争优势的关键,但是当前中国的制造业大多处于低端水平,自主技术创新能力不强,普遍缺乏关键技术创新,严重制约了我国制造业的发展。针对当前我国制造业企业技术创新能力薄弱的现象,从系统模拟的视角,通过构建中国制造业企业技术并购创新协同的系统流图,找出技术并购协同相关因子之间的作用机理,为企业提高技术创新能力提供技术并购协同方面的依据。 相似文献
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运用数据包络分析法(DEA),对北京五大高技术产业的技术创新效率进行了综合评价。研究结果表明,北京高技术产业技术创新效率整体呈提升趋势,其中,电子计算机及办公设备制造业的技术创新效率最高,航空航天制造业的技术创新效率最低;阻碍技术创新效率的主要因素是原始创新不足、科技投入结构不合理、经费使用率低下。为此,提高北京高技术产业创新效率不仅需要制度创新,充分发挥科技人员的积极性,更要优化科技经费投入结构,提高科技人员利用率和科技经费使用率,提升专利产出和新产品的市场占有能力。 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
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Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
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Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(3)
<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence 相似文献
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Chinese Scientists Use Earth Observation Technologies to Study and Protect Wild Camels 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(3):267-268
<正>Chinese scientists plan to apply Earth Observation technologies to protect the critically endangered wild camels(Camelus ferus).With the help of remote sensing,satellite positioning,geographical information system and wireless sensors networks,they will be able to access the distribution and population of the wild camels and protect their habitats.The project will be carried out by the International Research Center for Wild Camel Conservation,which was jointly established earlier this year by the Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth(RADI)of the Chinese 相似文献
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WANG Sijia 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(2):192-194
<正>The Paul Gerson Unna Research Group on Dermatogenomics was founded in October 2012 at the Partner Institute for Computational Biology.The ultimate goal of the group is to understand the biology of skin and skin appendages. 相似文献