共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 250 毫秒
1.
Bert Camstra 《British journal of educational technology : journal of the Council for Educational Technology》2008,39(2):297-303
In this paper, intelligent approaches to CBT are put into several perspectives in an attempt to elucidate the concepts and give them a more realistic (and not only glamorous) footing. The role of expert systems in training is explored and possible routes towards intelligent CBT are outlined. 相似文献
2.
Dianne Mulcahy 《International Journal of Lifelong Education》2013,32(6):506-524
Over the last decade, a competency-based approach to education and training has become widely used in a broad range of education and training contexts, most particularly, vocational education and training (VET). Among other things, this approach emphasizes the importance of knowledge and skill that is portable, visible and expressible. Various products have been developed (e.g. competencies, competency standards, Training Packages) to enable access to this knowledge and skill and secure its foundational role. Other knowledge and skill - that is, knowledge and skill that is situated and not easily visible and expressible - is seemingly rendered redundant. This paper discusses the role and significance of situated practises in competency-based training (CBT), most particularly embodied knowledge and tacit skills. Using empirical material collected in the course of a recent research project on CBT, the argument is made that the body, as currently constituted in VET products, is understood more as a symbolic/informational than material/physical entity. This understanding gives rise to a ‘thin’ conception of vocational competence and, sometimes, a thin practise of developing this competence. More broadly, the body is a critical site of contestation between radically different goals (e.g. industrial/educational, global/local). Bodily specificity (e.g. tacit skills, experienced judgement) can be mobilized to challenge the universalizing impulses of CBT. Indeed, this specificity completes or is necessary to these impulses. It plays a constitutive role in the practice of vocational education and training and could, with profit, be more fully recognized and supported in its policy. 相似文献
3.
Steven Hodge 《Critical Studies in Education》2016,57(2):143-159
Competency-based training (CBT) is a curriculum model employed in educational sectors, professions and industries around the world. A significant feature of the model is its permeability to control by interests outside education. In this article, a ‘Neoliberal’ version of CBT is described and analysed in the context of Australian Vocational Education and Training (VET). In this version of the model, a division of curriculum labour is instituted that, from the perspective of Neoliberal theory, allows the interests of educators to be limited in accordance with the belief that they will neglect the interests of students and other stakeholders if they have control over the whole curriculum construction process. But this version of CBT denigrates the expertise of educators by forcing them to set aside their own judgement about what is important to teach and implement a pre-existing picture of an occupation that may or may not be an effective representation. Empirical evidence is reviewed that suggests curriculum work in VET is indeed alienating for educators. Existing critiques of CBT are considered and found to have overlooked the specifically Neoliberal form of CBT in VET analysed in the article. 相似文献
4.
人工智能正在引领新一轮工业革命,我国该如何培养人工智能本科人才是目前需要面对的迫切问题。文章通过分析麻省理工学院、斯坦福大学和卡内基梅隆大学的人才培养目标、师资与教学资源、课程体系后发现,这3所世界一流大学分别采取了不同的人工智能本科人才培养模式:麻省理工学院的通用型人才,斯坦福大学的通专融合型人才以及卡内基梅隆大学的专业型人才。通过对这三种人工智能本科人才培养模式的比较分析,该研究将为我国人工智能本科人才培养提供重要启示。 相似文献
5.
Erica Smith 《Asia-Pacific Journal of Teacher Education》1999,27(1):61-75
Most formal vocational education and training (VET) in Australia is now competency‐based. When competency‐based training (CBT) first became government VET policy in the early 1990s, there was heated and acrimonious debate about its desirability. During the last few years, debate about CBT has all but disappeared, and VET teachers and trainers have been struggling with the implementation of CBT with, often, little support, and certainly with little interest from the VET research community. A research project examined, in late 1996, the effects of CBT on teaching and learning. A number of creative responses to CBT were discovered, with a major effect of the change to CBT appearing to be an impetus for teachers to re‐examine what they do with their students. Despite changes in teaching methods, CBT nevertheless allows teachers to exercise their skills, although the skills needed are in some respects different from pre‐CBT teaching. This paper reports on the project findings, and looks at the changes in teachers’ activities and roles using definitions of teaching propounded by Fenstermacher, and Miller and Sellar. 相似文献
6.
Pauline James 《International Journal of Lifelong Education》2013,32(4):369-391
From the perspective of a social theory of learning, this paper explores discourses and practices associated with competency-based training (CBT) in industry. Drawing on data from a national evaluation of competency-based training in Australia, implications for the formation of identities of workers (or trainees) and vocational education and training (VET) practitioners are discussed, particularly in relation to an increasing recognition of the importance of lifelong learning for workers, and knowledge-making and innovation within enterprises. It is argued that discourses surrounding CBT relate particularly to the importance of developing ‘procedural, technical knowers’ rather than ‘reflective problemsolvers’, and ‘standardized, adaptable workers’ rather than ‘innovators’ or ‘initiators’. Thus CBT often seems to precludes the kind of transformative learning that could potentially lead to social and technological innovation in the workplace and enriching personal and cultural change. Moreover, while some discourses surrounding CBT relate to ‘empowered, committed workers’, it appears that the lived experience of working life may sometimes contradict these claims. In relation to training personnel, some VET practitioners do appear able, using CBT as a springboard, to exercise professional judgement and creativity and instigate transformative and, indeed, critical learning programmes. However, for others, identities as ‘deliverers’ of a standardized curriculum seem to have been formed, potentially an experience of deprofessionalization. Some discourses and practices associated with CBT, then, appear to be neither in the best interests of workers, practitioners and the community, nor of individual enterprises and industry as a whole. A rethinking of arrangements for, and conceptualization of, competency-based training in the workplace is discussed. 相似文献
7.
The Advanced Instructional Design Advisor is an Air Force project which involves the development and testing of automated instructional design guidance for use by Air Force technical training specialists in the development of computer-based training (CBT). This paper discusses the particular structure of an experimental instructional design advisor and how it has and will be used as a research platform to guide future efforts in automating instructional design. The experimental system described makes use of automated instructional strategies which can be systematically altered along a number of dimensions (e.g., amount of learner control, use of qualitative feedback during practice, etc.). Such a tool is essential to conduct research in this area, and has the added benefit of facilitating the rapid prototyping of CBT. 相似文献
8.
学科教师是推进教育信息化、在教学中运用人工智能技术的主体,全面了解学科教师对人工智能和智能教育的知识储备、兴趣、应用困难和需求是开展针对性培训,提升教师运用人工智能教学能力的前提。对北京市8个区1266名中小学教师的调查发现:教师对人工智能总体感兴趣,能认识到其应用价值,但对其功能等了解还不够深入;对人工智能助力教学作用的认识男教师高于女教师,随年龄增长呈下降趋势,随学段升高而下降;对人工智能的兴趣男教师显著高于女教师,随年龄增长呈下降趋势;城乡和学科差异均不显著。基于此,要加强对教师人工智能教育应用的培训与普及,抓好40岁以下年轻教师和学校中层管理人员等骨干群体,促进培训与应用的互动和结合,加强技术环境与软件平台的建设,加强人工智能在学科领域中的应用研究。 相似文献
9.
This article [1] analyses data from a national research project evaluating the contribution of competency-based training (CBT) to outcomes in vocational education and training (VET) in Australia. In the light of this analysis, it is argued that practitioners have an important and developing role as practitioner-researchers in industry settings, engaging in reflective practice and, indeed, in forms of action research. Moreover, it is argued that CBT provides opportunities for practitioners to develop and incorporate different models of education and training, often alongside the ‘standard’ CBT model for the benefit of trainees and the enterprises in which they work. Some implications for VET policy, practice and practitioner education are explored. 相似文献
10.
第三次人工智能浪潮的到来,掀起了人类历史上最具颠覆性的智能化革命,深刻地改变了技术与人的关系。以人工智能(AI)为驱动力的智能机器人技术,正逐步进入学校与课堂,赋能教学创新,催生了整合智能机器人的新型教学与学习生态系统。基于此,从智能机器人的内涵出发,梳理智能机器人的发展特征与教学功能;结合智能机器人的教学应用典型案例,审视智能机器人作为教学赋能之要素。通过计算与连接工具,探讨智能机器人助力精准教学、实践创新能力培养,开展智慧学伴、智能测评、大数据教学过程管理、人机协同"双师课堂"等方面的教学应用;从教学系统变革层面出发,以智能机器人为增强要素,促进教育系统的协同与治理;支持教师数字素养提升,补偿性教育技术应用,教学管理智能化,助力学校教育"智"理等;同时,结合现实提出智能机器人在教学应用中面临的五大挑战,以期为智能时代智能机器人的教育应用与发展,提供参考与思路。 相似文献
11.
民航机务计算机辅助训练系统(CBT)是对机务人员进行培训的新型训练方式,民航机务CBT系统知识库用来为CBT课件开发人员提供全面准确的素材和学习资源。采用S1000D规范对机务维修信息进行模块化存储,实现知识库知识共享和交换。基于本体论建立CBT系统知识库检索机制,实现知识库信息的智能检索。 相似文献
12.
13.
Abstract This study takes the perspective of an equipment vendor that is providing training on its equipment. The study shows that the total cost of Remote Access Distance Learning (RADL), training provided over a voice and data network, is higher than the total cost of classroom‐based training (CBT). However, the profits from RADL are higher than the profits from CBT, since it is possible to charge students a higher price for RADL than for CBT. 相似文献
14.
中国农民工职业培训的问题与对策 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
黄亚妮 《深圳职业技术学院学报》2007,6(1):89-92
中国农民工的职业培训,实际上是要造就中国新一代产业工人,其意义非常重大,目前存在着培训投入不足、规模较小、质量不够、时间没保障、妇女农民工职业发展培训薄弱等问题,但随着中国改革的进一步深入,将日益得到中国社会各方面的重视和支持,未来10年中国将动员各种资源、开发多种途径、对农民工进行有效培训。 相似文献
15.
Jeremy Knox 《Learning, Media and Technology》2020,45(3):298-311
ABSTRACT This paper examines the political economy of artificial intelligence (AI) and education in China, through an analysis of government policy and private sector enterprise. While media and policy discourse often portray China’s AI development in terms of a unified national strategy, and a burgeoning geopolitical contestation for future global dominance, this analysis will suggest a more nuanced internal complexity, involving differing regional networks and international corporate activity. The first section considers two key policy documents published by the central Chinese government, which are shown to implicate educational institutions as influential actors in national and regional strategies for AI development, with a significant role in plans to train domestic expertise. The second section outlines three prominent private education companies: New Oriental Group, Tomorrow Advancing Life (TAL), and Squirrel AI. These companies are selected to represent important aspects of China’s development of educational AI applications, including the influence of a well-established private education sector, and a growing interest in international corporate activity. The paper concludes with the suggestion that while central government policy reserves a significant role for education in the national AI strategy, the private sector is utilising favourable political conditions to rapidly develop educational applications and markets. 相似文献
16.
Recent years have seen a revived interest in therapeutic educational psychology practice. The aim of this research is to identify the range of therapeutic approaches being delivered by Educational Psychologists (EPs) in an Irish context and to elicit the views of practitioners on the facilitators and barriers to therapeutic provision. Twelve participants were recruited from a total of 22 EPs working within one region of the National Educational Psychological Service (NEPS). Individual semi-structured interviews were held, and thematic analysis was used to examine the data gathered. Therapeutic approaches most commonly used by participants were Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) and Solution Focused Brief Therapy (SFBT). Barriers perceived by EPs as impacting therapeutic practice related to time, government policy, school factors, EP role, and training. Facilitators included service support, intervention outcomes and media interest. Findings suggest that many EPs are applying therapeutic approaches and are keen to provide more within their professional role. 相似文献
17.
Cognitive–behavioral therapy (CBT) has been documented to be effective in treating depression in adolescence, but there is great variability in the clinical outcome of CBT trials. This may in part be due to variations in the content of, and emphasis on different CBT components. Moreover, little is known about adolescents' subjective experiences of CBT interventions, which also might be related to outcome. In this qualitative study, nine adolescents were interviewed about their experiences of the specific components in a CBT group intervention. The results showed that the adolescents experienced the cognitive component of the course as most useful, but somewhat difficult to use. Psycho-education, behavioral activation and the social relationships component were also experienced as beneficial. Their experiences regarding the relaxation training and the homework assignments were mixed. Negative aspects of the intervention included the experience of guilt related to being depressed. 相似文献
18.
Renata Phelps Stewart Hase Allan Ellis 《British journal of educational technology : journal of the Council for Educational Technology》2005,36(1):67-84
Notions of competency have dominated the computer education literature, and have underpinned Competency‐Based Training (CBT) in information technology at all levels of education and training. The emergence of counter‐narratives underpinned by the capability movement, have as yet had minimal impact on practice in computer education. New discourses in educational theory and practice which are founded on non‐linear approaches to learning and teaching provide added impetus to engage in the competency/capability debate, and re‐examine our approaches to computer education. This paper explores complexity theories and demonstrates how complexity's pedagogical implications can lead to new models for understanding computer learning and teaching. A new model for conceptualising end‐user computer education is presented that was derived from a three‐year action research initiative with pre‐service teachers. 相似文献
19.
加快人工智能人才培养,推动人工智能产业发展,是占领未来科技和人才竞争制高点、加快建成我国人工智能领域自主创新“高地”的必然之路。人工智能人才市场需求较大,但高校人工智能发展还面临着相关学科专业建设刚刚起步,高校人工智能师资力量薄弱,人才培养以研究生教育为主,教育体系尚不健全等诸多问题。高校应加快人工智能领域一级学科建设,形成人才培养新目标;推进人工智能与其他学科专业之间的融合发展,形成人工智能专业新结构;坚持分类分层培养,构筑人工智能领域人才培养新模式;坚持以本科教育为主,构建人工智能多层次、多类型教育新体系。 相似文献
20.
Ayse Kok 《Education and Information Technologies》2014,19(1):193-207
CBT (computer-based training) can benefit from the modern multimedia tools combined with network capabilities to overcame traditional education. The objective of this paper is focused on CBT development to improve strategic decision-making with regard to air command and control system for NATO staff in virtual environment. A conceptual design for the CBT of the Web-based command and control system including a methodology and a model of content relations is described. The system helps the personnel to effectively plan, execute, monitor and assess Air operations in a responsive and timely manner. The developed prototype of CBT for Web-based air command and control system for NATO is illustrated. 相似文献