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一、“逆向学习法”的程序与手段“逆向学习法”是通过反向的顺序对背越式顺向教学程序改为由后向前进行教学。1.学习过杆。利用踏板做原地背对垫子的过杆练习（用皮筋代替横杆）。2.学习过杆和起跳结合技术。一步起跳背越过杆练习三步、五步起跳背越过杆练习。3.学习弧线助跑与起跳衔接技术。采用不同距离、不同弧线、不同速度的助跑练习体验；通过体验、讨论、归纳确定适合自己的助跑距离、弧线、速度。通过多种练习，体验助跑和起跳结合的感觉、特点，课上学生分组或集体进行分析，教师结合学习情况进行讲评。4.学习完整技术。在完整技术… 相似文献
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跨越式跳高的动作方法是直线助跑后迈步起跳,两臂和摆动腿快速摆动配合,起跳腿充分蹬伸,过杆后摆动腿先着地,屈膝缓冲。整个技术包括助跑、起跳、腾空过杆、落地四个环节。经过教学实践,我们先从腾空过杆和落地技术着手粗线条地教会学生跨越式跳高方法,再从助跑、起跳技术细线条地精加工, 相似文献
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跨越式跳高整个技术包括助跑、起跳、腾空、落地这四个环节。笔者采用倒叙教学方法进行教学,即先进行起跳过杆技术的粗线条教学,然后进行助跑、起跳、过杆、落地技术的精细加工。同时在教学中运用多种手段和方法促进学生这一运动技能的形成。 相似文献
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跳高技术是由助跑、起跳、过杆和落地等技术环节所组成的，其中最重要、起决定作用的是起跳技术，其他部分可以看做是它的准备和延续。因此，在教学中把学习和掌握起跳技术作为教学的起点，然后按照技术过程向前、向后延伸，直至完成完整技术教学的任务。一、学习和掌握起跳技术（一）学习内容１．原地摆腿和摆臂练习。２．原地和行进间起跳练习。３．上一步和上三步助跑起跳练习。４．沿圆圈或弧线做上一步和上三步助跑起跳练习。（二）教法要求１．在做摆腿练习时，要求摆动腿有明显的折叠摆动动作。加速上摆时，要注意带动魄部向上。２．… 相似文献
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背越式跳高过杆技术教学,一 般采用先双脚跳背越式过海绵垫和过杆练习,待背越挺髋、后屈膝、压肩、收腿过杆动作熟练掌握之后,再通过短助跑单腿起跳等背越横杆的练习巩固背越式过杆技术。而单脚起跳背越过杆与双脚起跳背越过杆技术有较大差别,所以学生尽管双脚起跳背越式过杆技术已经掌握了,一进入短助跑单脚起跳过杆总会出现一些技术变形,成为背越式跳高过杆技术教学的一个难点。 单脚起跳背越过杆与双脚起跳背越横杆的判别主要有两点:第一,单脚起跳不像双脚起跳那样背对横杆,而是身体侧对横杆,在空中要转体形成背对横杆姿势,所以在起跳中要注意有助于空中转体的动能形成。第二, 相似文献
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1 问题的提出尽管目前在背越式跳高的具体教法和手段的运用上不尽相同 ,但在教学的走向与程序方面 ,主要表现有 :1)助跑→助跑起跳→过杆落地的完整技术的顺向教学程序 ;2 )起跳助跑 1～ 4步起跳→过杆落地助跑 4步起跳的完整技术的中间突破教学程序 ;3)过杆落地→助跑起跳过杆落地的完整技术的逆向教学程序 (表 1)。上述 3种不同程序的教学孰优孰次 ,迄今尚乏充分的依据定论。表 1 各种《田径》教材背越式跳高的教学步骤分类及内容一览表类别教 学 步 骤第 1类1.使学生了解背越式跳高技术2 .学习和掌握背越式跳高的助跑技术3.学习和掌… 相似文献
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背越式跳高是一项技术复杂、器材多样、学习难度较大的教材。笔者在教学过程中,通过对教材的重组,实现了一节课教会学生背越式跳高的教学方法,通过与非线性主干方法的良好衔接,产生了良好的教学效果。一、背越式跳高的非线性主干教学方法的核心教学步骤1.一步助跑起跳过杆所谓一步助跑起跳过杆就是将起跳脚置于身后,起跳脚向前跑出一步的同时完成起跳、过杆、落垫。这一练习可以强调学生助跑与起跳的技术衔接:起跳脚应该采用脚后跟先着地向前滚动式踏跳,同时还要加上起跳脚的外旋,这是一个非常复杂的专项技术动作,如果不设计“一步助跑”技… 相似文献
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一、前言跳高的过杆技术与身体绕横杆的转动有极密切的关系,但是,身体转动所需要的角动量只能通过助跑和起跳获得,因此,将起跳和过杆技术放在一起来研究,能使我们对 相似文献
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背越式跳高技术的力学分析 总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16
本文从生物力学的角度对比分析了背越式和俯卧式跳高技术,用运动生物力学的原理剖析了助跑、起跳、过竿三个主要技术环节中两种跳高技术的不同之处,指出了俯卧式技术中的不足,科学地论证了背越式跳高技术的优势之所在。 相似文献
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The aim of this study was to determine the influence of run-up speed on take-off technique in the long jump. Seventy-one jumps by an elite male long jumper were recorded in the sagittal plane by a high-speed video camera. A wide range of run-up speeds was obtained using direct intervention to set the length of the athlete's run-up. As the athlete's run-up speed increased, the jump distance and take-off speed increased, the leg angle at touchdown remained almost unchanged, and the take-off angle and take-off duration steadily decreased. The predictions of two previously published mathematical models of the long jump take-off are in reasonable agreement with the experimental data. 相似文献
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Lisa A. Bridgett 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(8):889-897
Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the influence of run-up speed on take-off technique in the long jump. Seventy-one jumps by an elite male long jumper were recorded in the sagittal plane by a high-speed video camera. A wide range of run-up speeds was obtained using direct intervention to set the length of the athlete's run-up. As the athlete's run-up speed increased, the jump distance and take-off speed increased, the leg angle at touchdown remained almost unchanged, and the take-off angle and take-off duration steadily decreased. The predictions of two previously published mathematical models of the long jump take-off are in reasonable agreement with the experimental data. 相似文献
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In this study, we found that the optimum take-off angle for a long jumper may be predicted by combining the equation for the range of a projectile in free flight with the measured relations between take-off speed, take-off height and take-off angle for the athlete. The prediction method was evaluated using video measurements of three experienced male long jumpers who performed maximum-effort jumps over a wide range of take-off angles. To produce low take-off angles the athletes used a long and fast run-up, whereas higher take-off angles were produced using a progressively shorter and slower run-up. For all three athletes, the take-off speed decreased and the take-off height increased as the athlete jumped with a higher take-off angle. The calculated optimum take-off angles were in good agreement with the athletes' competition take-off angles. 相似文献
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梅松龄 《上海体育学院学报》1989,(2)
本文运用力学原理,分析背越式跳高的助跑跑线轨迹及正确的起跳,指出运动员起跳时身体应产生自转、形成背向横竿的有利姿式。将整个跳高技术与旋转运动规律一一对应,力求使背越式跳高技术规范化,为制订和实施合理的教案及训练计划提供了科学的依据。 相似文献
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Nicholas P Linthorne Maurice S Guzman Lisa A Bridgett 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(7):703-712
In this study, we found that the optimum take-off angle for a long jumper may be predicted by combining the equation for the range of a projectile in free flight with the measured relations between take-off speed, take-off height and take-off angle for the athlete. The prediction method was evaluated using video measurements of three experienced male long jumpers who performed maximum-effort jumps over a wide range of take-off angles. To produce low take-off angles the athletes used a long and fast run-up, whereas higher take-off angles were produced using a progressively shorter and slower run-up. For all three athletes, the take-off speed decreased and the take-off height increased as the athlete jumped with a higher take-off angle. The calculated optimum take-off angles were in good agreement with the athletes' competition take-off angles. 相似文献
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利用德国Dartfish视频分析软件,结合有关文献资料,对2010年世界女排大奖赛决赛中国VS与意大利队比赛中王一梅与皮切尼尼的前、后排的扣球中的助跑起跳动作环节及空中击球的技术进行对比与分析。研究表明王一梅前、后排扣球技术中,前排助跑速度低于后排,都有充分利用助跑速度前冲起跳的特征;后排扣球重心移动距离较长,动作幅度较大。皮切尼尼的后排扣球动作的数据都明显小于王一梅,但是击球后的球速却略小于王一梅,其中躯干的前屈动作最为明显。 相似文献
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通过收集、整理大量的文献资料,就跳远运动员的腾空与落地技术对运动成绩的影响进行了探讨。通过研究表明:良好合理的腾空落地技术,有利于运动员助跑最后阶段的积极向前加速,使运动员保持高速、高重心完成起跳,提高了起跳和空中平衡的效果,有利于合理落地姿势的获得,减少落地时距离的损失,为运动员创造优异的运动成绩提供了有利的条件和保障。 相似文献