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1.
Jie Zhang Xin-biao Xiao Xiao-zhen Sheng Rong Fu Dan Yao Xue-song Jin 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2017,18(8):617-630
This paper presents an investigation into the characteristics of interior noise of a Chinese high-speed train under several typical conditions. Interior noises within Vehicle TC01, which can be used as a head car or an end car, and Vehicle TP03, the third car counting from TC01, are measured for the train running at speeds from 260 km/h to 385 km/h, along two types of track including a slab track and a ballast track and either on the ground surface or in a tunnel. Data analyses are performed for sound pressure overall levels, frequency, area contributions, and possible generation mechanisms, showing how they are affected by train speed, running direction, track type, and tunnel. The results show that, whether TC01 is used as head car or end car, the interior noise characteristics in the VIP cabin are mostly related to aerodynamic noise. Differences in interior noise between tracks become smaller as the train speed increases. The effect of a tunnel on the interior noise is more important for the middle coach than that for the head coach. This study can provide a basis for noise control of high-speed trains. 相似文献
2.
不同速度高速列车车外噪声的调查研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Bin HE Xin-biao XIAO Qiang ZHOU Zhi-hui LI Xue-song JIN 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2014,(12):1019-1033
研究目的：基于声源识别,得出车外噪声分布特性及场点主要噪声源。创新要点：1．研究高速列车噪声源强特性及频谱特性;2．揭示不同速度下不同声源频谱变化规律;3．分析车外声场场点噪声变化规律及主要声源。研究方法：1．利用车外声源识别系统（图2）分析高速列车声源分布规律及频谱特性;2．利用声源的垂向（图10）分布研究不同声源在各频率下垂向分布规律;3．利用场点声源与速度的拟合关系（图16）研究场点主要噪声源。重要结论：1．高速列车车外噪声源主要分布在轮轨区域、受电弓和车间连接区域;2．轮轨区域噪声包括滚动噪声和气动噪声,在各频率均为最显著声源;3．在整个列车高度,轮轨滚动噪声对总噪声贡献率大于气动噪声;4．车外场点噪声主要频率为630-2500Hz,主要来自轮轨滚动噪声。 相似文献
3.
Jie ZHANG ;Guang-xu HAN ;Xin-biao XIAO ;Rui-qian WANG ;Yue ZHAO ;Xue-song JIN 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2014,(12):1002-1018
研究目的：研究高速列车车轮多边形特征对轮轨噪声和车内噪声的影响规律,讨论目前国内高速列车车轮镟修指标的不足,为高速列车车轮镟修方法的优化改进提供科学依据。创新要点：系统分析高速列车车轮多边形阶次、幅值和相位等参数对车内噪声的影响规律;提出车轮镟修中仅考虑车轮径跳作为限值是不够的。研究方法：1．基于线路试验,初步分析高速列车车轮多边形状态对车内噪声的影响,进而对车轮多边形特征进行剖析;2．基于带通滤波和快速傅里叶变换,使用MATLAB程序生成不同阶次、幅值和相位的车轮多边形粗糙度数据;3．基于TWINS轮轨噪声原理,使用HWTNS预测含有不同车轮多边形特性的轮轨噪声;4．基于混合有限元-统计能量分析（FE—SEA）方法,建立高速列车客室端部车内噪声预测模型,预测车内噪声;5．通过分析车轮多边形参数、车轮径跳和车内噪声之间的相互关系,研究目前的高速列车车轮镟修指标是否合适。重要结论：1．高速列车车轮径跳值相同,但车轮多边形状态不同时,轮轨噪声与车内噪声有明显差异;2．当车轮多边形幅值相同时,高阶多边形可以引起更高的轮轨噪声和车内噪声;3．改变车轮多边形的相位,可以获得不同的车轮径跳值,但是对轮轨噪声和车内噪声几乎没有影响。 相似文献
4.
A novel sound quality simulation approach was proposed to optimize the acoustic performance of a four-cylinder diesel engine. Finite element analysis, single-input and multiple-output technology, flexible multi-body dynamics, and boundary element codes were used to acquire the hexahedron-element model, experimental modal frequencies, vibration velocities, and structurally radiated noise of the block, respectively. The simulated modal frequencies and vibration velocities agreed well with the experimental data, which validated the finite-element block. The acoustic response showed that considerable acoustic power levels existed in 1500–1900 Hz and 2300–2800 Hz as the main frequency ranges to optimize the block acoustics. Then, the optimal block is determined in accordance with the novel approach, which reduces the overall value, high-frequency amplitudes, and peak values of acoustic power; thus, the loudness, sharpness, and roughness decline to make the sound quieter, lower-pitched, and smoother, respectively. Finally, the optimal block was cast and bench-tested. The results reveal that the sound quality of the optimal-block engine is substantially improved as numerically expected, which verifies the effectiveness of the research approach. 相似文献
5.
The paired comparison (PC) is an easy and effective way to distinguish the nuances among sound stimuli of diesel engine in sound quality subjective evaluation. However, the PC method is inefficient for the subjective evaluation of large quantities of stimulus or to rank the results of overall perception of sound stimuli. To overcome the shortcoming of the PC method, this paper presents a comprehensive evaluation method of diesel engine sound quality based on the PC method, uniform design sampling (UDS), and the improved analytic hierarchy process (AHP). An hierarchical tree of comprehensive evaluation models of diesel engine sound quality is constructed and simplified through UDS to ensure that the sound sample size is in the application range of the PC method or the grouped paired-wise comparison (GPC) method. An improved AHP is developed by introducing a new method calculating the relative weight based on evaluators’ preference order instead of the traditional 1–9 scale method, which reduces subjective liberty and difficulty of the consistency of the judgment matrix meeting the requirement, and the requirements of evaluators’ specialized knowledge. With three diesel engines’ noise stimuli as example, a realization of sound quality comprehensive evaluation based on UDS-AHP method with the GPC method is introduced. The results show that the proposed subjective comprehensive evaluation method can accurately provide the ranks of the sound stimuli over all subjective perception with a significant decrease of the evaluation workload. 相似文献
6.
高速铁路运营过程中的关键问题：轮轨磨耗等 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Xue-song JIN 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2014,(12):936-945
随着高速铁路运营里程和列车运营速度的不断增长,出现了一些和列车轨道耦合大系统密切相关的关键科学和技术问题。这些问题不仅影响到列车的运行品质,甚至威胁到安全运行,是当前高速铁路运用和发展中急需解决的问题。本文系统描述了高速铁路在运营过程中所出现的一些关键科学和技术问题,并述评了全世界有关这些问题的研究进展、现状和不足之处,提出了今后有利于认识和解决这些问题的发展方向。在长期高速运营的铁路大系统环境中,这些问题的形成的机理、发生、发展过程和预防措施的研究,需要从列车／轨道耦合大系统运营环境（速度、路况、气候和运用维修）、系统的自身参数匹配、材料选用和运营成本等全面系统考虑,并从理论、技术、工艺、监控和维修等方面解决。 相似文献
7.
A statistical approach to evaluate the subjective perception of the annoyance caused by the vehicle noise was presented in this paper. After recording the noises of Sanfeng, Huali and Xiali at speeds of 30, 40, 50, 60, 70 and 80 km/h respectively, the annoyance of the vehicle noises was evaluated in the testing room using paired comparison method, and the sound quality metrics and subjective annoyance were then distilled. Loudness, sharpness, roughness, periodicity and impulsiveness were selected for each of the vehicle noises. By correlation analysis method, it can be found that loudness has a higher correlation (0.91) with annoyance than other parameters. Meanwhile, sharpness, periodicity, roughness and impulsiveness have correlation with subjective perception with correlation coefficients being 0.84,-0.82, 0.62 and 0.87, respectively. The result of multiple regression analysis shows that calculated annoyance obtained by the regression equation can explain the perceptual annoyance and the regressed evaluation model is feasible to evaluate the sound quality of vehicle. 相似文献
8.
9.
高速铁路站台安全门对乘客的安全性和舒适性起到了很大的作用,但如何合理设置安全门的高度及位置,目前国内尚无相关的理论支持和原始数据的积累.针对以上问题,通过实测高速列车以2种不同的速度通过站台时的风速(影响乘客候车的安全性)和噪声值(影响乘客乘坐舒适性),并将测试数据与相关标准进行对比,提出了安全门的高度应当高于人耳的高度即高于1.5m,对高速列车站台的安全性和舒适性都有较大的改善,为今后高速铁路站台安全门设计提供了参考. 相似文献
10.
分别对金属插板式、通透插板式以及装有轨面吸声板的通透插板式3种声屏障进行了现场测试,结合噪声传递路径分析方法,对测试数据进行了等效A计权声压级(LAeq,T)和三分之一倍频程处理。通过同一声屏障的横向和不同声屏障的纵向分析、比较,得出分析结论,并为今后高速铁路的声屏障设计和选择提供了借鉴和参考。 相似文献
11.
The China’s high-speed railway is experiencing a rapid growth. Its operating mileage and the number of operating trains will
exceed 45 000 km and 1500 trains by 2015, respectively. During the long range and constant high-speed operation, the high-speed
trains have extremely complex and varied work conditions. Such a situation creates a huge demand for high-speed train on-board
monitoring. In this paper, architecture for high-speed train on-board monitoring sensor network is proposed. This architecture
is designed to achieve the goals of reliable sensing, scalable data transporting, and easy management. The three design goals
are realized separately. The reliable sensing is achieved by deploying redundant sensor nodes in the same components. Then
a hierarchal transporting scheme is involved to meet the second goal. Finally, an electronic-tag based addressing method is
introduced to solve the management problem. 相似文献
12.
对武夷学院二期校园环境噪声进行了实地监测,根据监测结果分析了校园声环境质量。结果表明：6个测点中有3个测点的等效连续A声级不同程度地超标,校园整体声环境质量一般。分析了造成噪声污染的原因,并提出了切实可行的噪声控制对策。 相似文献
13.
陈雪昌 《安徽科技学院学报》2010,24(3):26-29
声环境质量的好坏已严重影响到人们生活质量状况.本文根据蚌埠市声源状况监测结果,分析了影响城市区域声环境质量的主要噪声源(生活噪声、交通噪声和工业噪声)和造成噪声污染的因素,提出了控制噪声对策、措施和建议,为改善蚌埠市声环境质量状况提供参考. 相似文献
14.
隔声测量是绿色建筑评价的重要组成部分,建筑隔声是隔绝外界噪声的重要手段之一。因此建筑和建筑构件的隔声量测量技术的完善对降低噪声污染、促进人居声环境的改善有重要意义。混响时间是室内声学最重要、最精密的客观音质评价参量,用赛宾公式表达混响时间与房间的隔声量的相关性。以环境物理实验室为研究对象,运用切断声源法,对其混响时间和隔声量进行测量。结果显示,房间的混响时间均处于0.60~0.90 s的范围,且随频率的增加先减小再增大,于中高频段达到稳定值0.8 s,然后再小幅度减小。房间的隔声能力由表观隔声量与标准化声压级差表征,两者变化趋势一致,表现为随频率增加呈递增趋势,在测量区间由15 dB增加到30 dB。 相似文献
15.
When aerodynamic braking works, the braking wings can change the flow field around the train, which may impact on the comfort
and safety. Based on a sliding mesh, the pressure wave and flow field around high-speed trains with aerodynamic braking are
analyzed. By comparing three typical intersection situations, the pressure wave of a high-speed train during braking (with
or without aerodynamic braking) is studied. The analyses indicate that the pressure wave around the high-speed train body
will change while using the aerodynamic braking, causing several pressure pulses on the surface of crossing high-speed trains.
The distances between the pressure pulses are equal to the longitudinal distances of the brake wings, but the magnitudes of
the fluctuations are less than those induced by the head of crossing trains. During the crossing, a train without aerodynamic
braking will not impact the crossing train. 相似文献
16.
提高声环境质量是建设生态型校园的一项重要内容,采用TES-1350A型声级计,用等效连续A声级方法对宜眷学院校园内噪声进行监测。用环境噪声标准法和指数法分别评价校园噪声环境,分析存在噪声污染的主要区域。结果表明：宜春学院校园声环境整体较好,基本满足正常的教学、科研需要。在生活区、文娱活动区,噪声有一定的污染,晚上噪声污染更明显。 相似文献
17.
用不同方法进行发动机噪声源识别的研究 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
发动机噪声源识别对于制定发动机降噪措施十分重要 ,而像油底壳、气门罩、前齿轮室盖等罩壳类零件通常是发动机的主要噪声源 .本文用铅覆盖法和表面振动测量法对一台六缸工程机械用柴油机进行了表面噪声源识别的研究 ,得到了罩壳类零件按噪声能量大小的排列顺序 ,文中首先在半消声条件下利用铅覆盖技术测量了这些罩壳类零件的声功率 ,然后又研究了它们的振动特性 ,并通过表面振动速度的面积时间均方值预测了其声功率 .两种方法的测量结果吻合较好 ,说明了它们在工程领域应用的有效性 相似文献
18.
Previous research has shown a reliable association between environmental education and environmentally responsible behavior (ERB). Research has also shown that aspects of religion were associated with ERB. However, the mechanisms of associations are unclear. This study builds on previous research addressing the relationship between student major, religious affiliation, and ERB in two important ways. First, we tested the role of global climate change (GCC) perceptions as a mediating variable in the relationship between major and ERB, and between religious affiliation and ERB. Second, we developed a new measure of ERB focusing on impacts to natural resources. Student major was found to be a significant predictor of participation in ERB, as was religious affiliation. Student major and religious affiliation were also found to be significant predictors of GCC perceptions. The effect of major and religious affiliation on ERB was both mediated by GCC perceptions. 相似文献
19.
Jing-Ru Wang Shin-Feng Chen Reuy-Fen Tsay Ching-Ting Chou Sheau-Wen Lin Huey-Lien Kao 《International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education》2012,10(4):955-973
This study reports on the process of developing a test to assess students’ reading comprehension of scientific materials and on the statistical results of the verification study. A combination of classic test theory and item response theory approaches was used to analyze the assessment data from a verification study. Data analysis indicates the test has satisfactory validity and reliability. The Reading Comprehension of Science Test (RCST) components have a wide range of difficulty, which suggests that the RCST is appropriate for a relatively large percentage of students. Based on the accepted relationships among science, language, and literacy, integrated literacy–science instructions are highly recommended. 相似文献
20.
刘永勤 《渭南师范学院学报》2011,(12):42-45
高速PCB中，由于过孔数量较多导致信号产生严重畸变．文章首先分析了过孔对高速信号质量的影响，然后通过在过孔周围添加去耦电容器来抑制同步开关噪声（SSN）．结果表明，在过孔周围添加去耦电容器可以有效地减小同步开关噪声，使得信号波动峰值减小，提高了信号质量． 相似文献