共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 796 毫秒
1.
Should I Stay or Should I Go? Examining the Career Choices of Alternatively Licensed Teachers in Urban Schools 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
In order to address the issue of persistent teacher shortages, urban districts increasingly rely on alternatively licensed
teachers who are often viewed as well-suited to work in urban areas because of their greater age, life and work experiences,
and understanding of diverse communities. Yet, research on the retention of these teachers remains inconclusive, with some
notable studies suggesting that alternatively licensed teachers are as likely as their traditionally prepared counterparts
to quit teaching or migrate out of urban school settings. In this study, we explore the process and salient considerations
of five alternatively licensed math and science teachers deciding whether or not to continue teaching in a Midwestern, urban
school district. Whereas previous studies typically examine teacher recruitment and retention issues through a narrow analysis
of labor market incentives and other external inducements, our study situates teachers’ career decisions within a more holistic
narrative that illustrates how individual actions are never determined by any single factor, but rather a web of simultaneous
and sometimes contradictory forces generated by prior expectations and immediate realities that are professional as well as
personal in nature. 相似文献
2.
Previous research has established the returns to academic ability in the general labor market, and this paper investigates such returns in the teacher labor market. Using a nationally representative sample of public school teachers, I find that teachers who graduate from the most selective undergraduate institutions have salaries that are between 7% and 14% higher than those who graduate from the least selective colleges. An empirical investigation of the source of these returns reveals that the majority of this difference is due to high-ability teachers sorting into higher paying districts, though a non-trivial amount arises from within-district deviations from the salary schedule. 相似文献
3.
This study examined the effects of a professional development programme aimed at equipping teachers for the challenges of teaching in urban schools. The contribution of the programme to teacher quality and teacher retention was evaluated using a mixed research design in which both quantitative (N?=?133) and qualitative (N?=?42) approaches were used. The results showed a significant effect of the programme on teacher knowledge and self-efficacy. Furthermore, teachers greatly appreciated the programme and they perceived a positive impact on their competences, self-efficacy and professional orientation. The opportunity to share experiences within a network of teachers was considered the most valuable element of the programme. 相似文献
4.
随着我国社会生活的剧烈变迁,教师劳动也发生了重构,其重构的结果便是教师劳动过程呈现出"普罗化"的趋势,即教师劳动逐渐从复杂的专业活动异化为以重复大量简单劳动为主的技术性活动。本研究在对一所小学教师群体展开民族志研究的基础上,展现出在教师日常劳动中的普罗化表征:教师工作中缺失理念设计的话语权、专业工作碎片化、智识参与度低、深陷于日常繁杂事务。教师劳动过程的普罗化与教师专业化之间形成了一定的张力,让教师群体面临生存和发展的困境。 相似文献
5.
This article reports on the differential effectiveness of a teacher professional development programme for teachers in urban and rural schools in Indonesia. The study employed an embedded mixed methods design that involved the concurrent collection of both quantitative and qualitative data. The quantitative component involved a pre–post design in which two surveys were administered to a sample of 2417 students drawn from 66 classes in 32 lower secondary schools (960 from urban schools and 1457 from rural schools). The qualitative component involved six case study teachers and two students from each of their classes. Qualitative information was gathered using teacher and student interviews, classroom observations and teacher reflective journals. The quantitative results suggested that there were disparities between the usefulness of the knowledge and skills imparted during the programme for teachers in urban and rural schools. The themes that emerged from the data gathered using qualitative methods helped to make sense of the differences in student scores in urban and rural schools before and after the teacher professional development programme. 相似文献
6.
城乡教师资源均衡配置问题探讨 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
教师资源配置失衡根源于教师待遇的巨大差距。促进教师资源均衡配置必须调整城乡教师劳动力价格,建立教师流动的利益协调机制。国内外教师流动的实践探索为我国提供了有益的借鉴。实行教师全员流动才能从根本上实现教师资源的均衡配置。为此,我国须从国情出发对教师流动程序、对象、地区、期限以及身份管理、绩效考评和激励机制等方面进行系统考证,进而构建完善的城乡教师定期流动制度。 相似文献
7.
《Teaching and Teacher Education》1988,4(1):71-81
Case studies of the teacher labor market in the United States reveal that “first wave” teacher reforms of the 1980s will have little positive impact on the career choices of teachers and former teachers as well on the talented college students whom policymakers wish to attract to teaching. While “second wave” reforms offer much promise in solving present teacher quality problems, these reforms may go for naught if policymakers ignore the anachronistic teacher selection processes presently used by public schools. New policies not only must address the motivations and actions of labor market decisionmakers, but also must address the underlying tension between the first and second waves of teacher reform. 相似文献
8.
An unequal distribution of teacher quality is a problem underlying the unequal distribution of educational outcomes in developing countries. However, we know little about how the labor market produces such a distribution. Using data from two regions in Peru, we investigate whether there is a national teacher market or smaller regional markets. We estimate discrete-choice multinomial models to identify variables (including teacher characteristics, institutional features and geographical factors) associated with the location of teachers in the first jobs of their careers. Results indicate that teacher markets are regional in scope. Being born in a certain province (sub-area of a region) substantially increases the probability of having a first teaching position in that same province. We also find evidence that the geographic mobility of teachers is quite limited. Results suggest that policies to strengthen teacher educational systems and reduce inequities should focus on the regional level. 相似文献
9.
本文基于H大学2003-2006年的职称评审数据,采用Logistic回归分析方法,探讨学缘关系对大学教师学术职业发展的影响。研究发现,尽管人力资本仍是学术职业发展最重要的内在逻辑,但学缘关系对大学教师学术职业发展的影响日益显著。学缘关系越丰富的大学教师,取得学术职业发展的可能性越大;不同种类的学缘关系对大学教师学术职业发展的影响程度不同,在控制其他因素的条件下,本科、硕士与博士在同一所学校就读并留校任教的大学教师学术职业发展可能性最大,具有硕士学缘关系的大学教师学术职业发展可能性最小。基于上述结论,本文提出深化教师聘任制度改革、完善职称评审制度与加快学术劳动力市场建设等一系列政策建议。 相似文献
10.
Sandra Brenneman Oldendorf 《Teaching Education》2013,24(2):119-124
Many teacher education programs in the United States (US) face increasing demands to better prepare teachers for entry into and retention in urban schools. Through a US Department of Education grant, a university–school partnership was formed to develop a community‐based model of teacher preparation that placed pre‐service teachers in urban schools for a full year. Based on questionnaires and interviews with university teacher education faculty, and both pre‐service and novice classroom teachers who took their first jobs in urban schools, this research considers the common concerns and disparate roles that the three groups considered paramount in preparing new teachers for urban schools. 相似文献
11.
As the private education sector grows across the globe, private providers by extension are becoming significant employers of teachers. In India, more than 3 million teachers are employed in the private sector, contributing to meeting the rapidly expanding educational demands and learning needs of children. Teacher working conditions are crucial to ensure teacher retention and success within the education system. We use the 2011–2012, nationally representative employment data from India, to investigate private teacher working conditions. We conduct a series of regression analysis to account for the differences in demographic attributes of public and private teachers, differences in rural and urban growth of private schools and cross-state variations. We find that, compared to public school teachers, private school teachers experience less favorable monetary and non-monetary working conditions including less access to paid leaves, pension and health care. They also experience lower job security in terms of the existence of a contract and the length of contract period. Private school teachers also have a lower access to teacher unions and thus weaker collective bargaining to negotiate their working conditions. Private teachers are more frequently likely to seek additional work and alternate work. Some noteworthy differences in teacher demographics in rural and urban areas (urban teachers are more likely to be female, somewhat older, and more educated) notwithstanding, these patterns of public-private teacher working conditions are consistent across rural and urban location. We conclude with reflections on potential explanations for these results and suggest steps for future research. 相似文献
12.
This paper considers the case of the Michigan Migrant Head Start program to describe and analyze the labor market conditions and teaching staff characteristics to identify the challenges faced by Migrant Head Start grantees in attracting, hiring, retaining, and training degreed teachers. The emphasis is on describing and analyzing the child care labor market characteristics that confront Migrant Head Start grantees in upstream locations and on describing the characteristics and opinions of Migrant Head Start teachers and interpreting their significance for developing educational programs that facilitate the ability of Migrant Head Start teachers to become degreed in early childhood education. The implications of the findings for making early childhood education work for Migrant Head Start teachers are discussed from the perspective of administrators of Migrant Head Start programs and teacher preparation programs at community colleges and universities. 相似文献
13.
In the field of teacher attrition, there is a significant body of literature on why teachers leave high-needs urban schools and particularly why beginning teachers leave their schools and the profession. However, there is little research on the reasons why experienced teachers leave the teaching profession. This paper examines this subject by considering whether teachers experience an ‘identity crisis’ in their careers which prompts them to leave. Drawing on identity theory, data from a single case study of an experienced urban teacher are taken from a wider qualitative research study carried out in London, England. The case is made that decisions to leave or stay in a school are contingent on a number of personal, professional and situational factors related to the teacher’s identity. The article concludes that one way to understand why long-serving teachers leave the profession is to examine aspects of their teacher identity and explore how a crisis in professional identity can contribute towards teacher attrition. In the light of this alternative approach towards understanding attrition, at the very least, supportive structures can be put in place to encourage more teachers to stay and contribute to the success and well-being of children from disadvantaged backgrounds. 相似文献
14.
This research aims to develop and validate an instrument for measuring primary student teachers’ professional identity tensions. Based on dissonance theory, we transformed existing vignettes (Pillen, Den Brok, & Beijaard, 2013) into to a quantitative Professional Identity Tensions Scale (PITS) and added tensions regarding teaching in urban contexts. We examined the psychometric quality of the PITS by administering this scale to primary student teachers from teacher education institutions in urban areas across the Netherlands. Two studies were conducted in the process of validating the PITS. First, items were tested among a sample of 211 students to explore whether they measure underlying constructs of professional identity tensions. Second, retained items were administered to a new sample of 271 students. Confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated a similar factor structure. The final instrument includes 34 items rated on a 5-point Likert scale measuring nine different professional identity tensions. Implications for future research and practice are discussed. 相似文献
15.
师资配置不均衡是制约我国区域与城乡教育均衡和高效发展的重要因素。本文通过对西方国家中小学教师流动理论与实践的研究发现,西方教师流动往往建立在人力市场供求关系、内部人力市场和人力资本等理论基础上;各国政府实施了相应的政策法规和激励举措以项目的形式来推动教师流动;教师个人、机构及政策等因素都影响着教师流动的效果。这些为我国建构中小学教师流动机制的理论框架、指导原则与阶段性目标提供了有益启示。 相似文献
16.
《Teaching and Teacher Education》2006,22(7):864-873
This article explores how classroom-based teacher inquiry research supports teachers in constructing understandings about teaching and learning that are uniquely applicable to their own contexts in American urban schools. This study was conducted by two teacher educators in their year-long classroom-based inquiry research classes with approximately 50 teacher education candidates. 相似文献
17.
E. Hatton 《The Australian Educational Researcher》1992,19(1):29-44
Turney and Wright (1990) argue that Australian teacher educators, because of their demographic characteristics (predominantly male, locally born of British background, urban orientation), have difficulty in (i) modelling appropriate teacher behaviour for their mainly female clientele; (ii) exemplifying principles of non-sexist and multicultural education; and (iii) adequately preparing teachers to work in rural schools. Teacher educators’ work does not merely consist in face-to-face teaching. Another important aspect of the work of teacher educators is research. Research is the means by which teacher educators produce useful knowledge and may be an important means of overcoming the determining effects of demographic characteristics. It is interesting therefore to examine the research endeavour of teacher educators through a content analysis of AARE Annual Conference (1991) abstracts to assess the extent to which teacher educators focus their research on issues relevant to (i), (ii) and (iii). As it turns out, research in these areas is sub-optimal. 相似文献
18.
This study examined the extent to which an evidence-based preschool curriculum (Head Start REDI) was sustained by 20 teachers during the year following a randomized controlled efficacy trial, when teachers were no longer required by the research project to implement the curriculum. Two quantitative measures of sustainability (teacher ratings, REDI coach ratings) and a qualitative measure (teacher interview) were collected and compared. Sustainability varied by the specific curriculum component, with higher rates of sustainability for the social-emotional component (Preschool PATHS) than for the language and literacy components. Estimates of sustainability were affected by the method of measurement, with REDI coach ratings and qualitative teacher interviews more closely aligned than teacher ratings. Responses from qualitative interviews identified the main factors that teachers thought affected sustainability. Teacher responses suggest that efforts to promote sustainability are best targeted at reducing barriers, such as competing demands, rather than simply highlighting the benefits of the new curriculum. 相似文献
19.
ABSTRACTAlthough Chinese teachers commonly participate in school-based professional development activities, there is a remarkable scarcity of large-scale quantitative research into the effectiveness of teacher professional development in China, which is characterised as an institutionalised practice. Based on a conceptual framework applying recent research knowledge, this study investigates the relationships between teacher participation in school-based professional development and its individual and school contextual antecedents and effects on teachers and teaching in the context of mainland China. A total of 1506 secondary school teachers responded to a questionnaire survey. The results show that teachers’ willingness to attend teaching research activities and supportive principal leadership facilitated teacher participation. Among the three dimensions of teacher participation, it was collective lesson planning and teacher collegiality, not the frequency of participation, that improved teacher efficacy and the adoption of desirable teaching strategies. These results enrich the knowledge about the characteristics and effectiveness of teacher professional development in China. The implications of the findings are discussed. 相似文献
20.
陈赟 《周口师范学院学报》2003,20(6):72-76
教师工资是教师为国家进行劳动，提供教育服务，国家从社会再分配中支付的报酬。决定教师工资的因素，一是国内生产总值；二是财政收入(工资基金)；三是职业本身的性质；四是劳动力供求双方在市场中形成均衡。20世纪90年代教师工资相对水平并没提高多少，教师从国家经济增长中受益不多，教师工资存在拖欠现象：解决教师工资问题，一要领导重视，二要建立合理的教师工资拨款体制，三要建立教师劳动力供求市场。 相似文献