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1.
The worked example effect within cognitive load theory is a very well-established finding. The concrete effectiveness of worked
examples in a learning situation, however, heavily depends on further moderating factors. For example, if learners improve
their processing of worked examples by actively explaining the worked examples to themselves, they are usually better able
to solve transfer problems. Another way to enhance example processing is to present learners with instructional explanations
instead of prompting them to produce these explanations on their own. In this article, we review 21 experimental studies to
address the issue whether instructional explanations support example-based learning. Meta-analytic results lead to three important
conclusions: First, the benefits of instructional explanations for example-based learning per se are minimal. Second, instructional
explanations are more helpful for acquiring conceptual knowledge than for acquiring procedural knowledge. Third, instructional
explanations are not necessarily more effective than other methods supporting example processing such as self-explaining. 相似文献
2.
《Learning and Instruction》2006,16(2):92-103
This study examined the effectiveness of a computer-based environment employing three example-based instructional procedures (example–problem, problem–example, and fading) to teach series and parallel electrical circuit analysis to learners classified by two levels of prior knowledge (low and high). Although no differences between the instructional procedures were observed, low prior knowledge learners benefited most from traditional example–problem pairs while their high prior knowledge counterparts benefited most from problem–example pairs. Overall, this study provides empirical support for the expertise reversal effect, which suggests that the effectiveness of certain instruction procedures in example-based learning environments depends upon the learners' level of prior knowledge. 相似文献
3.
浅析体育教育专业技术课程教学评价模式和方法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
教学评价是衡量学校教学效果、学生学习效果的重要手段,在高等教育改革中有着十分重要的地位。以教育学、教育评价学、心理学以及体育教育学等相关学科理论为基础,运用调查和数理统计等方法对体育教育专业技术普修课程教师教学评价现状进行分析,并对体育教育专业技术普修课程教学评价的实施及相关问题进行分析和研究。 相似文献
4.
教学评价是衡量学校教学效果、学生学习效果的重要手段,在高等教育改革中有着十分重要的地位.以教育学、教育评价学、心理学以及体育教育学等相关学科理论为基础,运用调查和数理统计等方法对体育教育专业技术普修课程教师教学评价现状进行分析,并对体育教育专业技术普修课程教学评价的实施及相关问题进行分析和研究. 相似文献
5.
The purpose of this article is to review and to connect research about teacher education effectiveness and school effectiveness to arrive at an integrative conceptualization that has the potential of improving empirical research in both fields. Teacher education effectiveness addresses effects of teacher education on outcomes such as teacher knowledge, this knowledge becomes the predictor in teacher effectiveness research with instructional quality and student achievement as outcomes. The two research orientations become united in path-analytic studies. A fuller incorporation leads to an extended educational effectiveness model that enriches a systemic interpretation of key levers of educational effectiveness and opens up black boxes at the system and the classroom level. In such a comprehensive model, teacher policies can be regarded an alternative for educational improvement strategies like school curriculum policies, accountability and evaluation or governance and management. At the same time insights from educational effectiveness research at large suggest inclusion of additional variables in teacher education and teacher effectiveness research, particularly on the institutional level. 相似文献
6.
Example-based learning often follows a design in which learners first receive instructional explanations that communicate new principles and concepts and second examples thereof. In this setting, using the knowledge components of the instructional explanations to explain the examples (i.e., generating principle-based self-explanations) is considered to be a highly important learning process. However, a potential suboptimality of this learning process is that it scarcely requires learners to organize the content of the instructional explanations into coherent mental representations. Thus, in two experiments we investigated whether prompting learners to organize the content of the instructional explanations before providing them with the examples (and self-explanation prompts) enhances the effectiveness of example-based learning. We consistently found that organization prompts fostered learning regardless of whether the learners also received self-explanation prompts. Hence, in example-based learning, learners should be prompted to not only generate principle-based self-explanations but also to organize the content of the instructional explanations. 相似文献
7.
弱智教育职业高中课程体系的研究 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
从弱智青年的身心特点和社会的实际需求出发 ,把重点放在职业教育上 ,选择面点制作和园林花卉两个专业进行了为期 7年的研究 :提出了弱智教育职业高中教育的总体目标和具体目标 ;构建了弱智教育职业高中教育的课程体系 ;编写了弱智教育职业高中系列教材 ;研究了适应弱智教育职业高中的系列教学策略 ;建立了形式多样的教育评价机制和社会支持与保障系统。实践证明 :轻度和部分中度弱智青年能够接受职业高中教育 ,开办弱智教育职业高中是可行的 ,但应遵循一定的原则和策略。 相似文献
8.
王春侠 《商丘职业技术学院学报》2012,(5):95-98
项目教学是师生通过共同实施一个完整的项目而进行的教学活动,通过项目教学能使学生运用相应的知识来完成指定的项目任务,实现理论与实践的结合.以《微生物学》课程中"口服类药物中大肠杆菌的检查"一个项目教学设计为例,对高职校的微生物课程项目教学法做了一些实证探索,并对项目教学进行了教学效果测量和反思. 相似文献
9.
10.
潘玉山 《宁波职业技术学院学报》2012,(5):33-36
根据数据包络分析模型的要求,建立了多投入和多产出的职业学校实训基地建设效率评价指标体系。以国内11所职业学校实训基地建设数据为样本,对实训基地建设的有效性进行比较分析,为职业学校整合资源、优化管理、提高效率提供参考,也为相关决策部门提供客观的管理信息,使决策更加科学、可靠。 相似文献
11.
Robin Jacob Heather Hill Doug Corey 《Journal of research on educational effectiveness》2017,10(2):379-407
In this paper, we describe findings from a three-year evaluation of a well-developed mathematics professional development program that is commercially available on a wide scale. The professional development is designed to improve teachers' mathematical knowledge for teaching and to enable them to elicit more student thinking and reasoning during mathematics lessons. Specifically, it focused on helping teachers (a) learn more mathematics, (b) understand how children learn math, (c) use formative assessment to develop insight into what specific students know and do not know, and (d) develop effective classroom instructional strategies that enable student problem solving. Participants included 105 fourth- and fifth-grade teachers teaching in 19 low-income schools within a single district. Teachers were randomly assigned within schools either to a “business as usual” control group or to receive the professional development. The training consisted of a week-long summer institute and four to six in-service days during the school year. The training was run by full-time trained associates. We find some limited evidence of positive impacts on teachers' mathematical knowledge for teaching, but no effects on instructional practice or student outcomes. 相似文献
12.
The purpose of this study was to examine the barriers to implementing iPads in a primary school setting. The participants in this study included four subject specialist teachers and an ICT coordinator. To gather their views on the use of iPads as instructional tools in the classroom, semi-structured interviews were conducted and teachers' diaries were analyzed. The themes that emerged from the analysis of the teachers' diaries included the positive impact of iPad use in education, the potential disadvantages of iPad use in education, and technical issues. An issue that strongly emerged from the diaries was the need for more training on the features of an iPad and apps along with how to use them appropriately in lessons. It was also revealed that what was initially seen as major barriers to iPad use in lessons could be easily resolved with the presence of the correct knowledge and support. 相似文献
13.
The effect of a teacher-training workshop in a medical school was studied. The change in instructional behavior was judged by the amount and kind of students' verbal activities during regular lessons and by the cognitive level of the teacher-student encounters. One hundred and sixty-one lessons of 60 teachers were observed in a period up to 500 days after the four-day workshop. The results indicate a considerable increase in both parameters following the training. The new level of performance was sustained for the activity parameter along the entire follow-up period. The cognitive level moderately declined after about 200 days. After 500 days the instructional behavior still was significantly different from that before the workshop. The implications for teacher-training and reinforcement interventions are discussed. 相似文献
14.
James E. Bruno 《The Urban Review》1988,20(2):95-107
High levels of student absenteeism, low SES home environments, and a general lack of experienced teachers to service the school curriculum all contribute to difficulties in insuring the delivery of apriori school district defined instructional programs. The importance of urban school site educational evaluation is underscored by recent studies which show that the effectiveness of instructional delivery is an important predictor of student antisocial behavior such as drug abuse, gang activity, vandalism. This study examines some of the problems associated with instructional evaluation in urban school settings using signal-receptor assessment theory analysis and a new type of test scoring procedure called Modified Confidence Weighted-Admissible Probability Measurement (MCW-APM). With MCW-APM, school administrative personnel can simultaneously evaluate and obtain policy relevant information for instructional leadership concerning the signal (instruction as delivered), the reception (student learning as received), and the assessment instrumentation itself (sensitivity of the test). Additionally, this method of scoring permits individual student performance on school district developed CRTs to be referenced to an information based standard (informed, partially informed, uninformed, and misinformed) of mastery as a selection standard instead of a percent correct score. 相似文献
15.
运用增值评价方法对专业建设质量进行实证研究,是学校效能研究领域的一种新视角。高职院校应引入增值评价方法并开展相关研究,以量化研究专业建设水平;以重点专业为龙头,提升学院专业建设整体水平;对增值作用较低的专业内、外部因素进行分析;重视培养方案的修订工作,加强社会资源与学校资源的整合力度;加强课程体系建设,促进产学结合。 相似文献
16.
The effectiveness of an innovative prepackaged learning approach for inservice training of employed rehabilitation counselors is analyzed. Thirty learning units consisting of tape recordings and supplementary reading material which could be used at the counselors' convenience constituted the learning package. Changes in counselor knowledge were measured by an information test developed for the study. The results, as indicated by a Type I analysis of variance of the overall program effects and an analysis of covariance of the individual learning units effects, suggest that a voluntary packaged instructional approach to the conceptual training of rehabilitation counselors appears promising, but greater effort is needed in developing the training materials if the program is to be effective. 相似文献
17.
《International Journal of Educational Development》1996,16(3):291-302
Bilingual education is often seen as one means of improving the educational attainment of indigenous children in developing countries. This paper presents the results of an evaluation of the National Bilingual Education Program serving approximately one-third of the indigenous primary school students in Guatemala. Findings show that program inputs of teacher training and instructional materials have had a significant effect on student achievement and a slight positive effect on promotion, repetition and drop-out rates. The superior performance of boys over girls and a teacher-centered approach to instructional delivery suggest that improvements should be made before expansion of the program. 相似文献
18.
Marios Goudas Irini Dermitzaki Aggeliki Leondari Steven Danish 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》2006,21(4):429-438
The purpose of the present study was to examine the effectiveness of a life skills training program taught as part of physical
education lessons. Seventy three, seventh grade students were assigned either in an experimental or in a wait-list control
replication group and received an abbreviated version of GOAL, a school-based intervention designed by Danish and colleagues
to teach life skills. The program focused on setting goals, making plans for achieving goals and on positive thinking. Students
were assessed on physical fitness tests, knowledge about life skills, and beliefs about effective use of life skills. Results
showed gains and retention on physical fitness, knowledge and self-beliefs regarding goal setting. These results show that
life skills training can be effectively implemented within a school physical education context. 相似文献
19.
《Teaching and Teacher Education》2002,18(7):831-842
This study concerns the effects of teacher training in instructional behaviour based on new insights in the field of learning and instruction. In an experiment, eight teachers were trained to apply a cognitive apprenticeship model and five teachers were trained to apply a direct instruction model in reading comprehension lessons in primary schools. The teachers in both experimental conditions received teaching guides, which were an adaptation of the curriculum for reading comprehension that they already used. The control group of seven teachers used the same curriculum, but received neither teaching guides nor training. In both experimental conditions teachers successfully changed their behaviour, but they did not succeed in implementing all characteristics of the instructional model aimed at in their training. 相似文献
20.
Ioannis Kazanidis Nikolaos Pellas Panagiotis Fotaris Avgoustos Tsinakos 《British journal of educational technology : journal of the Council for Educational Technology》2019,50(4):2014-2027
While “flipping” a classroom has gained attention in K-12 and Secondary school programs, there has been relatively no explicit focus on its effectiveness as a teaching method for instructional media design courses in Higher Education. The purpose of this quasi-experimental study was to determine the effectiveness of the flipped classroom approach to teaching instructional media design subjects by comparing students’ academic performance and training satisfaction in traditional lecture-based instruction with those in a flipped classroom. A total of 128 undergraduate students participated voluntarily and were divided into a control (n = 62) and an experimental (n = 66) group, respectively. The study findings indicated substantial differences in both academic performance and training satisfaction between the two groups, with the students in the experimental group performing significantly better. Specifically, the results showed some determining factors associated with training satisfaction that explain why students in flipped classes achieved notably higher mastery in the learning objectives than their control group peers. This study adds to the literature by providing evidence on how a flipped classroom can potentially benefit students’ academic performance, leading to higher training satisfaction and deeper disciplinary understanding in instructional media design courses. 相似文献