共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 375 毫秒
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目前,国际上流行背向滑步、短长节奏和背向旋转三种推铅球技术。而我国主要普及的是背向滑步推铅球技术。本文将以背向滑步推铅球为例,从推铅球技术动作的组成入手,通过推铅球技术动作的分析,来讨论推铅球技术动作的研究现状及存在的问题或发展趋势。 相似文献
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大家知道，铅球在我们诸多训练项目中最枯燥，最单调，同时它的投掷技术也比较复杂。先后经历了原地推技术，侧向垫步式推技术，背向滑步式推技术和背向旋转式推技术。因而在铅球训练方面就有许多值得探讨的东西。我们知道影响铅球投掷成绩的因素有很多，但最主要的因素是器械出手时的初速度、出手角度和出手高度。所以我们在技术训练中一定要围绕这个中心展开。下面我就从技术训练的角度来谈一下如何提高和改进铅球出手瞬间的速度，角度和高度（注：在下面分析中均以背向滑步式右手推铅球为例）。旨在为铅球技术训练，尤其是给我们基层训练提供一定的技术参考。 相似文献
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通过旋转式推铅球技术和背向滑步技术的对比分析,并结合我国铅球运动员的身体素质,提出旋转式推铅球更加符合中国铅球运动员的身体条件,并将可能成为中国铅球成绩上升的突破点,为教练员、运动员在铅球训练中应用此技术提供参考. 相似文献
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在实心球、铅球训练中,既要注意两个项目联系环节,又要区别对待,有侧重点进行练习。实心球练习中,主要抓好两脚用力蹬地,送髋展胸、两臂用力掷球。在抓好实心球训练基础上,重点指导队员掌握背向滑步推铅球动作。由原地侧向推铅球到侧向滑步推铅球动作,最后学习背向滑步推铅球动作。滑步时要求队员做到“低、快、稳、直、超（超越器械）”动作要领,学习过程由简单到复杂,循序渐进,采取各种练习方法逐个环节掌握。同时,加强各身体素质练习,进一步提高训练效率。通过一段时间强化反复训练和针对性练习,收到显著效果。 相似文献
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前言 推铅球是一项古老的田径投掷项目。从古至今,铅球技术在不断地进行演变并趋于完善,由原地演变到滑步(侧向、半背向、背向)旋转推铅球。目前背向滑步推铅球技术被多数运动员所采用,其技术环节是器材的握持方法、预备姿势、滑步、最后用力与维持身体平衡。 相似文献
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对推铅球滑步双支撑阶段的认识 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
推铅球的滑步双支撑阶段是完整动作的重点和难点之一，这一阶段起着承上(滑步)启下(最后用力)的作用。通过对背向滑步推铅球滑步双支撑阶段的分析得出，铅球的滑步双支撑阶段是一个衔接连贯的过程，这一阶段的动作节奏过慢或过快都将影响铅球最后用力动作，影响滑步阶段所获得的初速度。正确的动作节奏应是在保证形成最佳用力的条件下越快越好。 相似文献
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旋转式推铅球技术的优越性及其在我国适用性的探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
旋转式推铅球技术面世以来,超乎我们的想象,在世界各大赛中取得了明显优于背向滑步技术的战绩,技术的研发和使用已进入成熟阶段。而至今我们国家仍沿用传统的背向滑步技术。本文运用文资资料法、逻辑分析法等方法从理论方面阐述了旋转式推铅球技术的优越性及其对我国运动员的适用性,提出了相应的建议,以期对我国铅球训练成绩的提高有所参考价值。 相似文献
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推铅球技术的演变暨旋转式推铅球技术的要点和难点 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
推铅球运动．经历了几百年的发展过程。近年来．在世界田径赛场上，运用背向滑步技术和旋转式技术的运动员均创造了优异的成绩。而在我国国内铅球比赛中仍然是背向滑步技术一枝独秀。稀有使用旋转式技术的运动员。在体育院校田径教学中，旋转式推铅球技术也基本是个“空白点”。为了对旋转式技术做进一步了解，丰富体育院校田径教学内容，本运用献资料法、数理统计法、对比分析法对旋转式推铅球技术要点和难点在理论上进行分析探讨。结果表明：(1)旋转式技术比较符合投掷的原理，与背向滑步技术相比具有一定的先进性；(2)旋转式技术以其加速路径比较长，预先速度大。动作自然连贯等技术特征比较适合中国铅球运动员协调性好、爆发力强、速度快等特点。 相似文献
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Sérgio Marta Luís Silva João Rocha Vaz Maria António Castro Gustavo Reinaldo Pedro Pezarat-Correia 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(8):713-720
The aim of this study was to describe and compare the EMG patterns of select lower limb muscles throughout the golf swing, performed with three different clubs, in non-elite middle-aged players. Fourteen golfers performed eight swings each using, in random order, a pitching wedge, 7-iron and 4-iron. Surface electromyography (EMG) was recorded bilaterally from lower limb muscles: tibialis anterior, peroneus longus, gastrocnemius medialis, gastrocnemius lateralis, biceps femoris, semitendinosus, gluteus maximus, vastus medialis, rectus femoris and vastus lateralis. Three-dimensional high-speed video analysis was used to determine the golf swing phases. Results showed that, in average handicap golfers, the highest muscle activation levels occurred during the Forward Swing Phase, with the right semitendinosus and the right biceps femoris muscles producing the highest mean activation levels relative to maximal electromyography (70–76% and 68–73% EMGMAX, respectively). Significant differences between the pitching wedge and the 4-iron club were found in the activation level of the left semitendinosus, right tibialis anterior, right peroneus longus, right vastus medialis, right rectus femuris and right gastrocnemius muscles. The lower limb muscles showed, in most cases and phases, higher mean values of activation on electromyography when golfers performed shots with a 4-iron club. 相似文献
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我国优秀女子铅球运动员背向滑步推铅球技术动作速度节奏的特征与模式研究 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7
肖林鹏 《天津体育学院学报》2002,17(1):30-32
以我国国际健将级女子铅球运动员为研究对象，采用高速摄影及解析、生物力学分析等方法，对女子铅球运动员背向滑步推铅球技术动作相关运动环节的速度节奏与铅球出手初速度之间的关系进行了研究，并通过数学方法建立了模型，以探讨我国优秀女子铅球运动员正确运用背向滑步推铅球技术动作的规律及特征，从而为提高我国女子铅球运动水平提供理论参考。 相似文献
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目的：对3种不同深蹲模式进行肌电测试,以期探讨不同模式下动作的合理性,为教学、训练提供一定的理论依据。方法：本文运用文献资料法、实验法和数理统计法对不同模式的肌电测试进行对比分析研究。结果：动作模式1与动作模式2相比,股内侧肌、股直肌、股外侧肌、臀大肌有非常显著性差异（P〈0.01）,股二头肌有显著性差异（P〈0.05）。动作模式1与动作模式3相比,股内侧肌、股直肌、股外侧肌、臀大肌有非常显著性差异（P〈0.01）,股二头肌有显著性差异（P〈0.05）。动作模式2与动作模式3相比,股内侧肌、臀大肌有非常显著性差异（P〈0.01）,股直肌、股外侧肌有显著性差异（P〈0.05）,股二头肌没有显著性差异（P〉0.05）。结论：3种不同模式深蹲动作的股外侧肌、股直肌、股内侧肌、股二头肌、臀大肌的积分肌电数值表现出显著性差异,动作模式3优于其它两种动作模式。在深蹲训练中强调臀部肌肉的主动收缩,才能更好的提高下肢力量的作用。 相似文献
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Kohei Watanabe Takayuki Sato Takahiro Mukaimoto Wataru Takashima Michio Yamagishi Tetsunari Nishiyama 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(15):1413-1422
We aimed to investigate neuromuscular activation of thigh muscles during track cycling at various speeds. Eight male competitive cyclists volunteered to participate in this study. Surface electromyography of the vastus lateralis, biceps femoris and adductor magnus muscles of the bilateral legs was recorded during track cycling on velodromes with a 250-m track. The participants were instructed to maintain three different lap times: 20, 18 and 16 s. The average rectified value (ARV) was calculated from the sampled surface electromyography. Significantly higher ARVs were observed in the right compared to left leg for the biceps femoris muscle during both straight and curved sections at 18- and 16-s lap times (P < 0.05). In the biceps femoris muscle, significant changes in ARVs during the recovery phase with an increase in speed were seen in the right leg only (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in ARVs between the straight and curved sections for all three muscles (P > 0.05). From our findings, it was suggested that during track cycling on a velodrome the laterality of the biceps femoris muscle activity is a key strategy to regulate the speed, and fixed neuromuscular strategies are adopted between straight and curved sections for thigh muscles. 相似文献
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我国部分优秀男子跳远运动员起跳环节肌肉用力特征 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
通过表面肌电遥测和高速摄影同步测试,揭示优秀跳远运动员起跳环节肌肉用力特征.结果显示:在起跳环节中,股外侧肌、股内侧肌、股二头肌、比目鱼肌、腓肠肌是起跳腿的主要用力肌肉;在起跳腿即将着地前,所测肌肉均有较明显的预激活现象;着地后,肌肉用力的激活顺序依次为胫骨前肌、股二头肌与股内侧肌、股外侧肌、比目鱼肌、腓肠肌内侧头、股直肌、臀大肌;肌肉用力的失活顺序依次为胫骨前肌、股直肌、股内侧肌、股外侧肌、臀大肌、腓肠肌、股二头肌、比目鱼肌;肌肉用力持续时间长短依次为股二头肌、比目鱼肌、股外侧肌、腓肠肌内侧头和股内侧肌、臀大肌、股直肌、胫骨前肌.起跳腿拮抗肌共同收缩的特征为:缓冲阶段踝关节拮抗肌共同收缩最强烈,而在蹬伸阶段膝关节拮抗肌共同收缩最强烈. 相似文献
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《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(5):399-407
Abstract The aim of the present study was to analyse differences in muscle response and mechanical characteristics of the vastus medialis, rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, and biceps femoris in elite volleyball players of both sexes using tensiomyography. To this end, 47 players of nine nationalities playing for teams in the men's and women's Spanish Superleagues were assessed. The sample comprised 22 women (age 24.6±4.3 years; weight 72.14±10.06 kg; height 178.40±8.50 cm) and 25 men (age 25.0±4.3 years; weight 88.76±9.07 kg; height 194.71±7.84 cm). Tensiomyography was used to assess muscular response and muscular mechanical characteristics. For this purpose, the following variables were analysed: maximum radial displacement of muscle belly and normalized response speed. The findings show, both in men and women, a higher normalized response speed score in the vastus lateralis and vastus medialis compared with the rectus femoris and biceps femoris. A marked lateral symmetry of maximum radial displacement of the muscle belly was also observed in the musculature of the lower limbs, with no statistically significant differences being detected in either men or women. There were, however, clear differences in terms of normalized response speed between male and female volleyball players: women displayed a more pronounced difference in the normalized response speed of the musculature responsible for extension (vastus medialis, rectus femoris, and vastus lateralis) and flexion (biceps femoris) of the knee joint than men. Moreover, tensiomyography proved to be a highly sensitive tool for detecting such changes. 相似文献
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Yann Le Mansec Sylvain Dorel François Hug 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2018,17(4):442-452
This study aimed to compare the muscle activity of lower limbs across typical table tennis strokes. Fourteen high-level players participated in this study in which five typical strokes (backhand top, forehand top, forehand spin, forehand smash, flick) were analysed. Surface electromyography activity (EMG) of eight muscles was recorded (gluteus maximus, biceps femoris, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, rectus femoris, gastrocnemius medialis, gastrocnemius lateralis, soleus) and normalised to the maximal activity measured during squat jump or isometric maximal voluntary contractions. The forehand spin, the forehand top and the forehand smash exhibited significant higher EMG amplitude when compared with other strokes. Both biceps femoris and gluteus maximus were strongly activated during the smash, forehand spin and forehand top (from 62.8 to 91.7% of maximal EMG activity). Both vastii and rectus femoris were moderately to strongly activated during the forehand spin (from 50.4 to 62.2% of maximal EMG activity) whereas gastrocnemii and soleus exhibited the highest level of activity during the smash (from 67.1 to 92.1% of maximal EMG activity). Our study demonstrates that offensive strokes, such as smash or forehand top, exhibit higher levels of activity than other strokes. 相似文献
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Background:During an experiment,a ski racer equipped with various measurement devices suffered an anterior cruciate ligament(ACL)rupture in his right knee.The aim of this study was to describe the underlying injury mechanism from a functional perspective.Methods:Eight giant slalom turns(i.e.,4 left turns),followed by 1 left turn at which the ACL injury occurred,were recorded by 2 video cameras,electromyography of 4 relevant muscle groups,inertial measurement units to measure knee and hip angles,and pressure insoles to determine ground reaction forces.Results:Due to a loss of balance,the ski racer began to slide sideways at the apex of a left turn.During sliding,his right(outside)leg was actively abducted upward without touching the ground.The ski racer then attempted to stand up again by dropping his leg back towards the snow surface.The end of this dropping was accompanied by a decrease in electromyographic activity in the knee stabilizing muscles.Once the inside edge of the outer ski caught the snow surface,a rapidly increasing peak force,knee flexion,and an aggressive sudden activation of the vastus medialis muscle were observed,while biceps femoris and rectus femoris further decreased their activation levels.This likely resulted in excessive anterior translation of the tibia relative to the femur,causing damage to the ACL.Conclusion:Our example emphasizes that ski racers should not get up until they stop sliding.Remember:“When you’re down,stay down.” 相似文献
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研究目的：对长拳、太极拳冲拳动作进行肌电实验,分析长拳、太极拳完成冲拳动作时所调动的肌肉及其iemg值,得出在研究对象本身无差异情况下,不同拳术冲拳的发力对肌肉的调动情况。研究方法：在肌电实验中,以固定个体为研究对象,通过运用美国noraxon生产的t6无线导遥测肌电对练习长拳、太极拳冲拳时的上下肢肌肉表面肌电特征进行分析。研究结果：长拳冲拳过程中,肌肉活动顺序为腹直肌、三角肌前束、股内侧肌、股直肌、腹外斜肌、股外侧肌、股四头肌、肱三头肌、肱桡肌、竖脊肌;积分肌电显示在长拳冲拳阶段三角肌前束、肱桡肌的积分肌电最高;在整个长拳冲拳过程中,腹外斜肌的肌肉贡献率最大。太极拳冲拳过程中,肌肉活动顺序为肱桡肌、腹外斜肌、股内侧肌、竖脊肌、三角肌前束、腹直肌、股外侧肌、肱三头肌、腹直肌、股四头肌;积分肌电显示在太极拳冲拳阶段肱桡肌、股内侧肌的积分肌电最高;在整个太极拳冲拳过程中,腹内斜肌的机头贡献率最大。研究结论：长拳冲拳过程中,受试者较好完成技术动作,腹直肌首先放电,肌肉力量的发放大部分来源于肱桡肌、三角肌前束和肱三头肌,集中于上肢腰部和手臂。太极拳冲拳过程中,受试者未能掌握技术动作,肌肉发力顺序不符合太极拳冲拳技术要求。 相似文献