共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
The motivations, values and future plans of Australian academics 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The Australian academic profession is more differentiated than is acknowledged in national and institutional policies and academic roles are more diverse than many academics themselves may recognise. However, the evolution of the nature and purposes of the profession and its implicit diversification have been incremental and largely unplanned. A consequence of this piecemeal approach is the attitudes and pressures on academic staff uncovered by this study, including a widespread intent to leave the Australian higher education sector for other work, or work in overseas universities. The study is based on a large-scale survey of over 5,500 academics across 19 Australian universities, and explores the attitudes, motivators and career plans of the present academic workforce in Australia. 相似文献
2.
中国大学转型与去行政化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
王建华 《清华大学教育研究》2012,33(1):23-32
行政化是我国大学的痼疾,能否去行政化事关我国大学的未来。在我国,大学行政化的外在表现是行政级别化,但其根子却在于学术对于政治的依附以及行政对于学术的吸纳。我国大学行政化的本质是政治权力和行政权力对于学术权力的压制,官僚文化和行政文化对于学术文化的强制;在行政级别的外壳下,我国大学真正缺失的是大学自治的制度与学术自由的精神。我国大学的行政化绝非政策的失误,而是政府有意为之和学术场域自我异化的结果。在我国大学转型的过程中,去行政化首先要取消大学的行政级别,然后再通过制度设计将学术与政治、行政与学术进行合理区分与重构,以抑制大学里的官僚文化与行政文化,张扬学术权力,恢复大学尊严,最终让大学回归大学,学术回归学术。 相似文献
3.
4.
Challenges to the Work Life of Academics: The Experience of a Renowned University in the Chinese Mainland 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Manhong Lai 《Higher Education Quarterly》2010,64(1):89-111
Under the major educational reform movement in the Chinese Mainland, which began in 1985, higher education was considered the most important apparatus for national development. The Ministry of Education initiated 'Project 985' to develop two top national universities into world-class universities. As part of this project to raise educational quality and academic standing, the Ministry of Education carried out a reform of the university personnel system. The reform aimed to launch a new system of employment practices based on performance and contract, with an emphasis on competition and rewards. This research focuses on the severe constraints academics at a sample university in China faced at the state, university and faculty level. First, at the state level, the state directly set the direction of academic research. Second, at the university level, the new employment reform was imposed using a top-down model. Most academics conformed to it but some employed a 'double bookkeeping' strategy. 'Administrative domination' also reflected a centralised approach at the university. Third, at the faculty level, a few academic-administrators held most of the decision making power. Academics urged the university to offer a more supportive environment for conducting genuine scholarship. 相似文献
5.
Higher education policies related to quality assurance are implemented in many countries. The purposes of such policies are
to ensure the provision for high-quality education, university accountability and transparency in the use of public funding
and meeting the needs of the diverse stakeholders. The current Australian Higher Education Quality Assurance Framework was
implemented in the year 2000. It can be described that the framework has been enjoyed by universities, academics and other
providers in Australia. This paper provides a brief history of quality assurance, its evolution in higher education in Australia
and current changes and trends in quality assurance in other developed countries. It then provides an analysis of the success
and deficiencies of the current framework used in Australia and suggestions which may be helpful in the development of the
new framework. The analysis includes the thoughts of the three authors based on their experience in managing quality and reviews
in seven different institutions and the views of more than 40 participants who are staff members from 25 Australian universities. 相似文献
6.
Australia, like the rest of the developed world, is in the midst of dealing with notable issues related to the age structure
of its academic workforce. These issues are widespread and have been articulated in the Australian context most comprehensively
by Hugo (2008). This paper investigates issues with demographic change and other key factors related to the desirability of a science or
mathematics academic career within Australian universities. It draws on the findings of a research project undertaken in 2008
for the Department of Education, Employment and Workplace Relations. The findings show that while demographic issues are not
as dire for science academics compared to the entire sector, issues relating to tenure, workload and retaining young science
academics in Australia are a threat to the long-term sustainability of science faculties in Australian universities. 相似文献
7.
Clare O’ Hagan Pat O’Connor Eva Sophia Myers Liv Baisner Georgi Apostolov Irina Topuzova 《Critical Studies in Education》2019,60(2):205-225
Academic capitalism is an outcome of the interplay between neoliberalism, globalisation, markets and universities. Universities have embraced the commercialisation of knowledge, technology transfer and research funding as well as introducing performance and audit practices. Academic capitalism has become internalised as a regulatory mechanism by academics who attempt to accumulate academic capital. Universities are traditionally gendered organisations, reflecting the societal gender order. Despite fears regarding the feminisation of the academy, the embrace of academic capitalism is contributing to its re-masculinisation and exercises an incidental gender effect. Practicing is the means by which the gender order is constituted at work. Three practices in which academics engage are examined as exemplars of the way academics increase their academic capital stock in Science, Technology, Engineering and Maths (STEM) faculties in four European universities, in Bulgaria, Denmark, Ireland and Turkey. These practices tend to be more achievable and likely to be engaged in by men, thus, career practices are the mechanism through which the gender effect of academic capitalism is achieved, academic capitalism perpetuated and the gender order maintained in STEM in academia. 相似文献
8.
Ian Hardy Peter Grootenboer Laurette Bristol 《International journal of qualitative studies in education》2016,29(7):925-945
In this article, we utilise recent theorising on praxis and educational development to explore how academics in universities can foster public, institutional and more personal development, even as they are challenged by what are sometimes described as more ‘managerial’ and ‘neoliberal’ conditions. The research draws upon a variety of sources of data, including publicly available correspondence on the university sector in Australia, interviews with colleagues, and personal reflective journals. These data reflect three instances of educational praxis development in the Australian university context, and at three scales/levels: nationally; unit-wide (university/faculty/institute); and sub-unit/individually. The findings reveal such development in the form of: academics using mainstream media to inform the general public about the nature of university industrial relations and funding at a national level; junior and senior academics collaborating and engaging in mentoring practices to build institutional research capacity at a university/institutional level; and, individual academics meeting to develop individual teaching practice. Through explicating the characteristics and value of educational development for and as praxis, we provide resources for hope for better understanding how the work of universities, including their broader mission to inform the public, might be enacted more educationally. 相似文献
9.
Fabian Cannizzo 《高等教育研究与发展》2016,35(5):881-894
This article explores the role that universities play in shaping the relationship between academics and their work. Drawing on Miller and Rose's interpretation of our present era as being characterised by ‘Advanced Liberal’ governance, this article demonstrates how discourses seeking to govern academic labour enrol ideals about the academic and subjectify academic staff within strategies to govern their conduct. Entrepreneurial conceptions of ‘good’ academic conduct are valorised through such initiatives as performance evaluation, interdisciplinary research programmes and Graduate Certificates of university teaching and skills development. Drawing on the past literature and an analysis of three Australian public universities, this article proposes three ideals through which academics are enrolled into strategies to govern their conduct: ‘the career academic’, ‘the tribal academic’ and ‘the celebrity academic’. The centrality of an entrepreneurial sense of self within academic ideals contributes to the production of insidious effects within academic practices. The subjectification of academics, as entrepreneurial knowledge managers, may potentially produce strain within academics who fail to close the psychological distance between their self-perceptions and academic ideals. This article proposes that future investigations of the development of academic ideals and values should engage with an analysis of modes of self-government. The utility of self-government is explored in an analysis of the dynamic production of academic ideals within policies and programmes aimed at governing the behaviour of academic staff. 相似文献
10.
Shaping a culture: oral histories of academic development in Australian universities 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Academic development has had an approximately forty‐year history within Australian higher education, paralleling the major expansions and changes in the sector, both nationally and internationally. Its principal concerns have been the improvement of teaching and the professional development of the academics who teach. The history of academic development has gone largely undocumented and unexamined at a national level, in Australia and elsewhere. However, as university teaching has increasingly become important in relation to quality in higher education, academic development has become a central player in the work of universities. It becomes of particular importance at this time to garner a more thorough understanding of the continuities as well as the discontinuities in the meanings and practices of university teaching and in the work of those whose role has been to support its development. This article presents a discussion of two key themes identified from a set of oral history interviews conducted with early leaders in academic development in Australia. These themes offer different insights into issues and understandings of academic development in today’s university. The first concerns a perennial issue in academic development – the struggle to define academic development’s emerging ethos in relation to research and service to the broader university’s endeavour. The second theme represents an issue that has been forgotten or marginalised in the official accounts of academic development but which lives on in the ‘lore’ of the field – the role of activism in the shaping of university teaching and academic development. 相似文献
11.
Clare Delany Lauren Kosta Shaun Ewen Patricia Nicholson Louisa Remedios Louise Harms 《高等教育研究与发展》2016,35(5):895-909
With the globalisation of university education, national frameworks are commonly used to prescribe standardised learning outcomes and achieve accountability. However, these frameworks are generally not accompanied by guiding pedagogy to support academics in adjusting their teaching practices to achieve the set outcomes. This paper reports the results of a scoping review of health science literature aimed at identifying pedagogy and teaching strategies relevant to achieve the learning outcomes specified by the Australian Qualifications Framework at a master's degree level. Eight practical teaching messages emerged from the review and three broad pedagogical trends were identified: the need to use authentic disciplinary-based learning activities; ensure that students are able to discover different perspectives about future practice and bring student reflection about their own knowledge into curricula. More critically, the review highlights that academics attempting to translate national learning outcome frameworks into their teaching practices face a complex and time-consuming task which may involve searching beyond their own disciplinary focus to identify practical teaching strategies to meet prescribed learning outcomes. 相似文献
12.
Monica A. van Winkel Roeland M. van der Rijst Rob F. Poell Jan H. van Driel 《Journal of Further & Higher Education》2018,42(4):539-555
This study explores how academics who expanded their teaching-only positions to include research view their (re)constructed academic identity. Participants worked in a higher professional education institution of applied research and teaching, comparable with so-called new universities. The aim is to increase our understanding of variations in academic identity and to be better able to support academics’ ‘role making’ within and across different worlds of practice. Data from semi-structured interviews with 18 academics at a Dutch new university were analysed using a grounded theory approach. This revealed six well-rounded academic identities reflecting participants’ personal scholarly objectives: the ‘continuous learner’, ‘disciplinary expert’, ‘skilled researcher’, ‘evidence-based teacher’, ‘guardian of the research work process’ and ‘liaison officer’. The researcher role served to promote the overall development of participants’ identities. The ‘disciplinary expert’ matured through participation in the academic world and research activities. Participants discovered what ‘being’ and ‘becoming’ a researcher in the new university might entail, and contributed to the professions’ knowledge base. Participants learned to apply various research-based teaching approaches. As brokers, they linked research projects to practices in meaningful ways. The six identities embodied an emergent power in creating and preserving a complete academic profession. Participants’ accounts showed tensions inherent in an extended role portfolio and constraints in ‘role making’ given inconsistencies between the university’s espoused research mission and the one in use. These imply challenges for university managers in aligning policies and practices, and scaffolding academics’ attempts to integrate their academic roles in different worlds of practice. 相似文献
13.
John Kenny 《Higher Education》2018,75(2):365-380
Neo-liberal reforms in higher education have resulted in corporate managerial practices in universities and a drive for efficiency and productivity in teaching and research. As a result, there has been an intensification of academic work, increased stress for academics and an emphasis on accountability and performativity in universities. The paper proposes that while managerialism in modern universities is now the norm, corporate approaches have disempowered academics in their institutions and reduced productivity because they ignore the nature of academic work. Using Foucault’s conception of power relations in institutions, policies that directly affect academic work such as workload allocation and performance management are identified as key ways in which power is exercised in universities. The paper reports on a case study in one university which explored the relationship between the academic workload allocation and performance management policies and concludes that a more balanced power relationship is needed in which academics can have more influence over these key processes which control their work so they preserve the self-managed aspects of academic work and the intrinsic motivations driving their careers. 相似文献
14.
《Journal of Higher Education Policy & Management》2012,34(1):61-64
Although many women now hold qualifications that in the past guaranteed an academic appointment, few jobs are available in universities. In an unrestrained labour market, the sex ratio of academics in Australian universities is unlikely to change much over the next 10 to 15 years. The likely impact of affirmative action policies and practices is discussed. 相似文献
15.
Baris Uslu Alper Calikoglu F. Nevra Seggie Steven H. Seggie 《Higher Education Quarterly》2019,73(3):285-311
The innovative teaching, knowledge and technology production and societal service activities of academics are largely discussed within the entrepreneurial university discourse in Higher Education journals. Therefore, this research focuses on a meta‐synthesis of Higher Education articles to better understand the concepts of the entrepreneurial university and entrepreneurial academic. After the systematic elimination based on keywords and titles, 25 articles have been selected from the top 10 Higher Education journals in the SCImago Journal Rankings. Content analysis was performed on these articles to highlight the common operational areas in entrepreneurial universities and activities of entrepreneurial academics. The meta‐synthesis shows that, both for universities and academics, entrepreneurship is overwhelmingly characterised by the commercialisation of scholarly activities that enrich institutional income revenue as well as academics’ personal income. However, such an approach can distance universities from their mission of public good; so Higher Education administrators should create mechanisms that would allow both to take place in a balanced way. 相似文献
16.
《Critical Studies in Education》2013,54(3):315-331
The paper reports on an empirical study based on qualitative interviews with staff from four Australian universities. These universities are shown to be undergoing significant social change as processes of marketisation impact on the everyday practices of academic workers. The universities are analysed as sites of contestation between the new professional managers and the established academic profession over the control of the conditions of work, the production of expert knowledge and the worksite itself. The theory of academic capitalism is examined, and the relevance of Bourdieu’s work for the analysis of a university sector in a context of marketisation is assessed. Bourdieu’s interlinked concepts of capital, habitus and the field are employed to investigate the nature of the contestation, revealing a dynamic process in which academics innovatively respond to threats to reduce their autonomy, to increased levels of surveillance and other constraints on practice. In addition, the study illustrates the processes through which actors within the sector, through acts of both conformity and resistance, contribute collectively to the growth of academic capitalism in the neoliberal university. 相似文献
17.
Jill Blackmore 《Higher Education Quarterly》2002,56(4):419-441
This article undertakes a feminist critique of the restructuring of the modern university in Australia. It considers the interaction of the processes of globalisation, corporatisation (through the twin strategies of marketisation and managerialism) and the social relations of gender, and their implication for gender equity work in the academy. The paper locates the reform of Australian universities within their Western context, and considers the gendered effects of the new disciplinary technologies of quality assurance and online learning on the position of women academics. It concludes with some comments about the shift in language from equity to diversity which has accompanied corporatisation, and how this has effectively coopted women's intellectual labour to do the work of the entrepreneurial university. 相似文献
18.
19.
Simon Marginson 《Higher Education》2002,43(3):409-428
The mass system of higher education in Australia is a product of the publicly financed nation-building strategies of the 1955–1990 period. The nation-building university is now undergoing a three way crisis brought on by the governmental retreat from nation-building and from the funding that sustained it, the stand-off between corporateand academic practices inside universities, andthe need for new strategies in a globalisingenvironment, in which national policies arerelativised but remain important. The crisis isexacerbated by Australia's location on theAmerican `periphery', associated with globalvulnerability and fluctuating economic andcultural dependence. In response the primarystrategy should not be to imitate Americanuniversities, a course of action which islikely to deliver modest returns, but tostrengthen the academic identity andplace-based identity of Australianinstitutions, enabling them to make adistinctive contribution to global highereducation underpinned by a renewed partnershipbetween nation and university. 相似文献
20.
加拿大化运动是20世纪60年代末由加拿大学术界所倡导的学术与文化民族主义运动。从1968年在卡尔顿大学兴起,到70年代意义深远的教育改革和1981年一项新的国家移民政策的制定,加拿大化运动经历了曲折的历程。它对加拿大高等教育的发展,特别是对加拿大大学的课程设置、聘任制度及其实施,以及加拿大民族主义的构建都产生了深远的影响。 相似文献